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PUC - PR 2017 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

What does the title of the text mean?

Dreaming brain rhythms lock in memories
It is the clearest evidence to date that REM sleep is critical for memory. By switching off certain brain cells, the researchers silenced a particular, rhythmic type of brain function - without waking the mice. If they did this during REM sleep, the mice failed subsequent memory tests. The research is reported in the journal Science. REM sleep is the phase during which, at least in humans, dreams take place - but the question of whether it is important for settling new memories has been difficult to answer. Recent studies have tended to focus on deep, non-REM sleep instead, during which brain cells fire in various patterns that reflect memory consolidation and "re-play" of the day's experiences. During REM sleep, while our eyes flicker and our muscles relax, exactly what the brain is doing is something of a mystery. But it is a type of sleep seen across the animal kingdom, in mammals and birds and even lizards.

A
Dreaming brain rhythms make the memories permanent.
B
There four different brain rhythms.
C
Memories occur only through dreaming.
D
Many people have memory problems.
E
Not dreaming means forgetting.
f015753b-fc
PUC - PR 2017 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Read the text and choose the CORRECT alternative.

Big Ben’s Culture

Big Ben is a focus of New Year celebrations in the UK, with radio and TV stations tuning to its chimes to welcome the 'official' start of the year. Similarly, on Remembrance Day, the chimes of Big Ben are broadcast to mark the 11th hour of the 11th day of the 11th month and the start of two minutes silence.

For many years ITN's "News at Ten" began with an opening sequence which featured Big Ben with the chimes punctuating the announcement of the news headlines. This has since been dropped, but all ITV1 and ITV News Channel bulletins still use a graphic based on the Westminster clock face. Big Ben can also be heard striking the hour before some news bulletins on BBC Radio 4 and the BBC World Service, a practice that began on December 31, 1923.

The clock features in John Buchan's spy novel The Thirty-Nine Steps and makes for a memorable climax in Don Sharp's 1978 film version, although not in Alfred Hitchcock's 1935 original adaptation. A similar scene is recreated in the 2003 film, Shanghai Knights which culminates with Jackie Chan hanging from the hands of the clock. The clock also appears in the animated cartoon Basil, the Great Mouse Detective.

An earlier film climax on the clock face of Big Ben appears in Will Hay's 1943 film My Learned Friend, although the scene is more slapstick than thriller.
Available in: <http://saberingles.com.ar/reading/big-ben.html> Access in: julho de 2015.

( ) People can watch and listen to Big Ben’s chimes for New Year celebrations on radio and TV stations in the UK.
( ) All news channels start with an opening sequence from Big Ben’s chimes.
( ) Big Ben is featured in Alfred Hitchcock’s The Thirty-nine Steps.
( ) You can see Big Ben in the Great Mouse Detective.
( ) A thriller scene from My Learned Friend shows the face of Big Ben.

The CORRECT alternative is:

A
False, true, true, false, true.
B
True, false, true, false, false.
C
True, false, false, true, false.
D
False, true, false, true, false.
E
True, false, true, false, true.
f007b2d6-fc
PUC - PR 2017 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Read the text and answer the question.

Coca-Cola history began in 1886 when the curiosity of an Atlanta pharmacist, Dr. John S. Pemberton, led him to create a distinctive tasting soft drink that could be sold at soda fountains. He created a flavored syrup, took it to his neighborhood pharmacy, where it was mixed with carbonated water and deemed “excellent” by those who sampled it. Dr. Pemberton’s partner and bookkeeper, Frank M. Robinson, is credited with naming the beverage “Coca-Cola” as well as designing the trademarked, distinct script, still used today. Prior to his death in 1888, just two years after creating what was to become the world’s #1-selling sparkling beverage, Dr. Pemberton sold portions of his business to various parties, with the majority of the interest sold to Atlanta businessman, Asa G. Candler. Under Mr. Candler’s leadership, distribution of Coca-Cola expanded to soda fountains beyond Atlanta. In 1894, impressed by the growing demand for Coca-Cola and the desire to make the beverage portable, Joseph Biedenharn installed bottling machinery in the rear of his Mississippi soda fountain, becoming the first to put Coca-Cola in bottles. Large scale bottling was made possible just five years later, when in 1899, three enterprising businessmen in Chattanooga, Tennessee secured exclusive rights to bottle and sell Coca-Cola. The three entrepreneurs purchased the bottling rights from Asa Candler for just $1. Benjamin Thomas, Joseph Whitehead and John Lupton developed what became the Coca-Cola worldwide bottling system.
Available in: <http://www.worldofcoca-cola.com/coca-cola-facts/coca-cola-history/> Access in: agosto de 2014.

Select the alternative that is TRUE according to the text.

A
Coca-Cola was the world’s first sparkling beverage.
B
Just as Dr. John S. Pemberton sold his business to more than one party, so did the bottling rights by Asa Candler.
C
Coca-Cola was sold for $1 to various parties.
D
Coca-Cola was expanded to the world in 1894.
E
Joseph Biedenharn and three others developed the Coca-cola worldwide bottling system.
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PUC - PR 2017 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

What does this text aim to?

Zika virus makes Rio Olympics a threat in Brazil and abroad, health expert says

Amir Attaran calls for postponement or moving of Games and says biggest risk is spreading the virus to countries without adequate healthcare infrastructure. As Brazil reels from a spiraling political crisis and its deepest recession in decades, a public health specialist in Canada has added to the country’s woes with a high-profile call for the 2016 summer Olympics – slated to kick off in Rio de Janeiro in early August – to be postponed or moved due to the Zika outbreak.
Speaking to the Guardian on Thursday, Attaran described the idea of going ahead with the games as both “indescribably foolish” and “monstrously unethical”. The potential risks to visitors range from brain-damaged children to death in rare instances, he added. “Is this what the Olympics stand for?”
Adapted from: http://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/may/12/rio-olympics-zika-amir-attaran-public-health-threat

A
show the spread of Zika virus around the world.
B
explain that problems such as Zika virus only happen in poor countries.
C
tell the world these games are fool.
D
prove there are no risks for foreign visitors.
E
warn people about the high health risks of keeping the Olympic Games in Brazil.
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PUC - PR 2017 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Read the text.

The Key to Weight Loss Is Diet Quality, Not Quantity, a New Study Finds

Anyone who has ever been on a diet knows that the standard prescription for weight loss is to reduce the amount of calories you consume. But a new study, published Tuesday in JAMA, may turn that advice on its head. It found that people who cut back on added sugar, refined grains and highly processed foods while concentrating on eating plenty of vegetables and whole foods — without worrying about counting calories or limiting portion sizes — lost significant amounts of weight over the course of a year. The strategy worked for people whether they followed diets that were mostly low in fat or mostly low in carbohydrates. And their success did not appear to be influenced by their genetics or their insulin-response to carbohydrates, a finding that casts doubt on the increasingly popular idea that different diets should be recommended to people based on their DNA makeup or on their tolerance for carbs or fat.
https://www.nytimes.com/2018/02/20/well/eat/counting-calories-weight-loss-diet-dieting-low-carb-lowfat.html?rref=collection%2Fsectioncollection%2Fhealth&action=click&contentCollection=health®ion=rank&module=package&version= highlights&contentPlacement=1&pgtype=sectionfront

Assinale a alternativa que apresenta um exemplo de itens de um diário alimentar de alguém que seguiu os achados do novo estudo citado no texto.

A
Vegetais, frutas, pães integrais e redução do açúcar, com limitação dos carboidratos.
B
Saladas, frutas, grãos integrais, uso de adoçantes e ingestão de seis porções diárias.
C
Vegetais, frutas, carnes magras e redução do consumo de gordura.
D
Saladas, frutas, grãos refinados, carnes magras, sem limite de porções.
E
Vegetais, frutas, grãos integrais e redução do açúcar, sem limite de porções.
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PUC - PR 2017 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Read the text.

World Obesity Day: Which countries have the biggest weight problem?

More than 603 million adults and 107 million children (out of a global population of around 7.5 billion) are obese, according to a report published earlier this year from the Institute of Health Metrics and Evaluation, based at the University of Washington in Seattle. That represents around five per cent of all children and 12 per cent of all adults. But which nations have the highest levels of obesity?
Telegraph Travel took data from the CIA's World Factbook and, contrary to what some may believe, it is not the US that tops the chart, but rather American Samoa - an unincorporated territory of the US in the South Pacific - where a whopping 74.6 per cent are considered to be obese.
A slew of other South Pacific nations follow, including Nauru, Tonga, Samoa, Palau and Kiribati. In fact, Kuwait is the only country outside the region to feature in the top 10. There is a clear obesity problem in the South Pacific, with the weight of adults is increasing at four times the global average. Some have claimed the islanders are genetically predisposed to putting on weight, while a 2014 report suggested that colonial settlers, who taught them Western ways of eating - frying fish, for example, rather than eating it raw - are to blame.
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/maps-and-graphics/the-most-obese-fattest-countries-in-the-world/

Assinale a alternativa que apresenta a causa fundamental apresentada pelo autor do texto para o aumento da obesidade.

A
Fatores genéticos
B
O tipo de colonização.
C
Baixo índice de renda per capita.
D
Maus hábitos alimentares adquiridos.
E
Alto consumo de peixes fritos.
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PUC - PR 2017 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Read the text.

'I Was Hooked': Bodybuilder Rich Piana Defended His 27 Years of Steroid Use Before His Shocking Death at 46

Before his death, bodybuilder Rich Piana was outspoken about his near 30 years of steroid usage despite admitting time and time again that the drug “can kill you.”The former Mr. California’s death was confirmed Friday morning in a Facebook post by his estranged wife Sara Piana — just two weeks after TMZ Sports reported he was placed in a medically induced coma after passing out in his Florida home, where 20 bottles of testosterone were reportedly found by police.
With an Instagram following of 1.2 million users and hundreds and thousands of viewers following his YouTube channel, Piana had a large audience of fans — many of which were young men, who would flock to bodybuilding and fitness conventions to meet the 46-year-old star.
But though Piana was open about his drug use, he maintained that he was “not bragging” or encouraging steroid use in others. Instead, Piana claimed he used his platform to educate those who were going to use them on how to use the drugs “properly.”
http://people.com/bodies/rich-piana-death-steroid-use-quotes/

Assinale a alternativa que apresenta o propósito comunicativo do texto 

A
Alertar sobre malefícios causados pelo uso de esteroides.
B
Informar sobre a morte de Rich Piana.
C
Relatar um caso de distribuição de drogas licítas por um famoso instangrammer.
D
Esclarecer a causa da morte de Piana.
E
Comprovar que o uso de esteroides pode levar à morte precoce.
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PUC - PR 2017 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Read the text.

China’s myopia epidemic: why a simple solution is being ignored

“Myopia rates have shot up in the last two decades,” Shanghai ophthalmologist Xu Xun says, as we speak in a conference room at the treatment centre. “According to our statistics, between 10 per cent and 20 per cent of primary school pupils start classes with myopia. Then the percentage rises to up to 50 per cent for secondary school students. In university, 90 per cent are short-sighted.”
The growing prevalence of myopia is not only a Chinese problem, but it is an especially East Asian one. According to a study published in The Lancet medical journal in 2012, by Ian Morgan, of the Australian National University, South Korea leads the pack, with 96 per cent of young adults (below the age 20) having myopia; and the rate for Seoul is even higher. In Taiwan, 85 per cent of young adults are myopic, according to the study, and in Singapore, the figure is 82 per cent.
But why are Asian children particularly prone to myopia? Although the question tends to create a heated discussion among doctors, Xu doesn’t hesitate when answering.
“First of all, it’s not genetic. We’ve done many studies and that is something we are sure of.
“It’s a quite recent phenomenon. In the 1960s, only 20 per cent of the Chinese population was short-sighted. We can argue checks were not so common at that time, but the gap is still large. And genetic changes take much longer to shape. Plus, myopia is mostly prevalent in urban areas, while the rates in the countryside are noticeably lower.”
http://www.scmp.com/magazines/post-magazine/long-reads/article/2085125/chinas-myopia-epidemic-why-simple-solution-being

De acordo com o texto, é CORRETO afirmar que

A
o formato oriental dos olhos auxilia no desenvolvimento de miopia, pois ele aperta mais a retina.
B
a perpetuação da miopia não é um fenômeno atual, ele somente ocorreu na década de 1960.
C
a epidemia de miopia na China é decorrente de fatores sociais.
D
o maior número de míopes na China é atribuído ao tamanho de sua população.
E
há menos coreanos míopes do que chineses.
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PUC - PR 2017 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Read the text.

Varicose veins: Here's what you can do about them

Varicose veins is a term commonly used to describe visible leg veins. But true varicose veins are dilated and very prominent. Small varicose veins may not be a problem, but as varicose veins worsen they become distended and tortuous (full of twists and turns) and can cause the legs to feel heavy and ache.
Swelling of the feet and ankles is an early sign of impaired function of the valves in our veins that keep the blood flowing, and severe varicose veins can be very painful.
There's good evidence varicose veins have a genetic link and are also associated with a history of deep vein thrombosis (blood clots that obstruct the veins). 
It's not possible to prevent varicose veins from forming, but simple actions can improve blood circulation in the feet and legs, and stop varicose veins from getting worse.
Try to elevate your legs when sitting, resting and sleeping; reduce weight if you are overweight or obese; and wear lower-heeled shoes to work calf muscles.
Treatments for varicose veins depend on the severity of symptoms, aesthetics and the risk of complications. Treatment may include compression stockings, lifestyle changes or a range of surgical options. 
http://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-12-06/varicose-veins-heres-what-you-can-do-about-them/9232812

Analise as assertivas que seguem.

I. Nem toda veia visível é uma varicose.
II. Não há cirurgias que eliminem varizes.
III. Os cientistas têm certeza de que as varizes decorrem de herança genética.
IV. Ações que auxiliem na circulação podem evitar que as varizes piorem.
V. A prevenção ainda é o mais indicado quando se trata de varizes.

De acordo com o texto, está(ão) CORRETA(S) somente:

A
III e V.
B
I e II.
C
I e IV. 
D
V.
E
II.
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PUC - PR 2015 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Opera

Opera refers to a dramatic art form, originating in Europe, in which the emotional content is conveyed to the audience as much through music, both vocal and instrumental, as it is through the lyrics. By contrast, in musical theater an actor's dramatic performance is primary, and the music plays a lesser role. The drama in opera is presented using the primary elements of theater such as scenery, costumes, and acting. However, the words of the opera, or libretto, are sung rather than spoken. The singers are accompanied by a musical ensemble ranging from a small instrumental ensemble to a full symphonic orchestra.

Disponível em: <http://www.grammarbank.com/short-reading-comprehension-passages.html> . Acesso em: novembro 2014.

Select the alternative that is TRUE, according to the text.

A
Opera is a dramatic art form where the actors speak their lines using scenery, costumes and acting.
B
Opera is dramatic performance where the actors sing and dance accompanied by a musical ensemble ranging from a small instrumental ensemble to a full symphonic orchestra.
C
Opera is a dramatic art form where the content is conveyed through vocal and instrumental music and it is sung, and we can see the elements of scenery, costumes and acting.
D
Opera is a dramatic art form where music plays a lesser role.
E
Opera is a dramatic art form where an actor’s dramatic performance is primary as well as scenery, costumes and acting.
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PUC - PR 2015 - Inglês - Tempos Verbais | Verb Tenses, Verbos frasais | Phrasal verbs, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

When Garfield says “could’ve used a little salt”, what is he expressing?


A
His regrets.
B
A promise.
C
The man’s capability to do something that he didn’t.
D
He’s having fun.
E
He’s surprised with the present.
e22b41c8-30
PUC - PR 2015 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

India Cheating Scandal: 600 Students Expelled at Bihar Schools

More than 600 students have been expelled from school in India amid widespread cheating — with some having friends scale the walls of exam centers to pass notes through windows, officials said Friday. The students were among more than 1.4 million high school students taking their 10th grade school finals in the eastern state of Bihar. Many of those caught cheating had smuggled textbooks or scraps of paper to be used for cheating, police and education officials said. Friends, parents and other relatives of the teenagers were seen climbing the sides of some exam centers on Wednesday and Thursday as they tried to reach the windows of the classrooms where the students were taking their exams. They appeared to be trying to pass on cheat sheets with answers written on them. Bihar's education minister, P K Shahi, said the scale of the cheating made it impossible for officials alone to contain and that families should help.

Disponível em:: <http://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/six-hundred-students-caught-cheating-bihar-india-schools-n327066> . Acesso em: abril de 2015.

According to the text, choose the alternative which shows the CORRECT sequence of T (true) or F (false).

I. 600 students quit school.

II. Families tried to help the students to cheat.

III. In the education minister’s perspective, it turned out to be ok the families’ help.

IV. At least 1.4 million students were taking the test.

V. They took this test because they did not have good grades during the semester.

A
F – F – T – T – F.
B
T – F – F – T – T.
C
F – F – T – F – F.
D
F – T – T – T – F.
E
T – T – F – T – T.
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PUC - PR 2015 - Inglês - Voz Ativa e Passiva | Passive and Active Voice

Read the text and choose the alternative that completes the sentences with the CORRECT passive voice.

                                       Britain’s Roman Villas

Numerous monuments recall the 400 or so years when Britain was part of the Roman Empire. Ancient city walls, old roads, front defenses. But it is at the villas that one feels closest to the everyday life of Roman Britain.

The villas were homes. In their kitchens bread 1 _________ (to bake). Along their corridors echoed family conversations. They 2 _________ well _________ (to build) and handsomely 3 _________.

The first villa 4 _________ (to build) around A.D. 80-90. It was a small farm. Later on, the house 5 _________ (to extend), kitchens and baths 6 _________ (to add).

It 7 _________ (to know) that many villas 8 _________ (to destroy) by fire. Their ruins remain hidden for years and it is often by accident that the site 9 _________ (to discover).

So in Hampshire a number of oyster-shells 10_________ (to find) by a farmer, and the shells, remnants of a long-ago feast, led to the discovery of the villa at Rockbourne.

Disponível em: <http://englishstandarts.blogspot.com.br/2012/06/passive-voice-texts-proverbs-and.html> . Acesso em: julho de 2015. 

A
is baked / was built / decorated / was build / was extend / was added / is knew / was destroyed / are discovered / was found.
B
was baked / were build / decorated / were built / was extended / were added / is know / were destroyed / was discovered / were finded.
C
were baked / was build / decorate / was built / were extended / were added / is knowed / were destroied / was discovered / was finded.
D
was baked / were built / decorated / was built / was extended / were added / is known / were destroyed / is discovered / were found.
E
was baked / were built/ decorated / was built / was extended / were aded / is know / are destroyed / is discovered / were found.
88744da7-31
PUC - PR 2015 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

 Read the text and choose the best alternative.


                                Don’t Set Goals: Use Systems


Have you already set your goals for the New Year? Do you want to lose 10 kilos, run a marathon or speak fluent English? Some experts believe that you need systems, not goals. A system is something you do on a regular basis. This means focusing on what you can control (your actions) rather than what you can’t (the unpredictable). For example, don’t focus on losing 10 kilos, focus on shopping for healthy food and cooking something light every day. Don’t focus on the marathon; focus on the training schedule. Invent a system to improve your English, one step at a time. Good luck!

Disponível em: . Acesso em: junho de 2015.


According to the text we can state that:


I. In order to achieve something you should focus on your actions.

II. In order to achieve something you should eat healthy food every day.

III. In order to achieve something you should set your systems for the New Year.

IV. In order to achieve something you should take one step at a time.  

A
Only I and II are correct.
B
Only I and III are correct.
C
Only II and IV are correct.
D
Only I and IV are correct.
E
Only III and IV are correct.
886eccdb-31
PUC - PR 2015 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Read the text below:


                Study: Junk Food Doesn’t Only Make You Fat, It Makes You Lazy


According to a recent study by researchers at the University of California Los Angeles, a diet rich in processed food and fat leads not only to excess weight but also to less motivation. Researchers found that rats on a junk food diet were significantly fatter than rats on a healthy diet. But the rats with the unhealthy diet also were less active and mentally slower. "Our data suggest that diet-induced obesity is a cause, rather than an effect, of laziness. Either the highly processed diet causes fatigue or the diet causes obesity, which causes fatigue," says lead researcher Aaron Blaisdell.

Disponível em: <http://www.shortnews.com/start.cfm?id=94296> . Acesso em: abril de 2015.


According to the text, it is possible to state that:

I. Rats which ate healthy food were thinner than the ones which ate junk food.

II. Laziness is a consequence from obesity.

III. Obesity can be considered as an effect of laziness.

IV. Less motivation is one of the causes which make junk food ingestion attractive.

V. Rats on a healthy diet were more active.


A
Only II and IV are correct.
B
Only I, II and III are correct.
C
Only III is correct.
D
Only I, II and V are correct.
E
All the sentences are correct.
8871af54-31
PUC - PR 2015 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Read the text and choose the best alternative for the underlined word.


                       Pictures of Ascent in the Fiction of Edgar Allan Poe.

                                                                                                    By Douglas Anderson.

                                             New York: Palgrave Macmillan. 2009. xi, 201 pp. $ 80.00.


The material world and the ability to transcend it are at the heart of this study of Edgar Allan Poe’s writings. In chapters such as “Problems of Disposal” and “The Gravity of Things,” Anderson contrasts the “weight of living” present in Poe’s life and work with, in Italo Calvino’s words, the “lightness of thoughtfulness.” This book provides a taxonomy of Poe’s literary imagination through suggestive literary analyses of the fictive environments that inhabit and undergird his stories, and it expands the purview of Poe studies as well as of nineteenth-century American literature.

Available in: <http://americanliterature.dukejournals.org/content/82/3/663.full.pdf> . Access on: August 2015.


Taxonomy means 

A
the process of putting things into different groups, especially living things.
B
the process of organizing similar things, especially living things, into groups or types.
C
the process of organizing different things, especially living things, into different types.
D
the process of organizing similar groups into different types of living things.
E
the process of organizing groups into similar types of living things.
886929ba-31
PUC - PR 2015 - Inglês - Grau dos adjetivos | Adjective degrees, Adjetivos | Adjectives, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Read the text and answer the question.


                  Life stress may lead to cognitive developmental delays in children


According to a new study, children living in harsh or unstable environments are more likely to experience learning and cognitive delays by age 4.

Researchers examined the cortisol levels and cognitive delays of 201 children from low-income families in the northeastern United States. It was found that those kids with higher levels of cortisol experienced harsh or insensitive caregiving.

"We discovered that exposure to specific forms of family adversity when children were 2 years old predicted their cortisol profile, which in turn was linked with notable differences in children´s cognitive functioning at age 4," the researchers say.

Disponível em: <http://www.shortnews.com/start.cfm?id=100733> . Acesso em: 16/06/15.


According to the research, we can state that:


I. Children who are more stressed may have cognitive delay.

II. Children who are stresser may have developmental delays.

III. Children from more rich families were evaluated in this research.

IV. Children from richer families were evaluated in this research.

V. Children from poorer families were evaluated in this research. 

A
Only II and III are correct.
B
Only I and V are correct.
C
Only IV and V are correct.
D
All the alternatives are correct.
E

Only I and IV are correct.

886c0e79-31
PUC - PR 2015 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Read the text and choose the best alternative.


                                Solar eclipse in Europe

The UK could be plunged into darkness next month, as experts warn there could be the biggest solar eclipse since 1999. Nearly 90% of the sun's rays are expected to be blocked out in parts of Europe on March 20th.

In London and the Southeast, 85% of the sun will be obscured by the moon, while in northern Scotland, more than 95% will be covered.

But the National Grid warns there could be a solar power outage as a result. Solar power isn’t widely used in the UK, but other parts of Europe that heavily rely on it could be out of electricity for a short while.

There's no need to worry, though – the European Network Transmission System Operators for Electricity have been planning for the event for months.

The eclipse will last for around two hours at 8:40 a.m. The next one will not be until 2026.

Disponível em: <http://www.newsinlevels.com/products/solar-eclipse-in-europe-level-3/> . Acesso em: março 2015.


Check the statements according to lexical-semantic aspects from the text above:


I. In: ‘The UK could be plunged into darkness next month…’, the verb in bold could be changed to ‘immersed’ without changing the meaning of the sentence.

II. The word ‘warn’ in the first paragraph means to make someone conscious of a possible problem or danger so they will not be hurt or affected by it.

III. In the sentence: ‘In London and the Southeast, 85% of the sun will be obscured by the moon, while in northern Scotland, more than 95% will be covered.’; the conjunction ‘while’ means that the same exact thing will be happening in the entire area.

IV. Read the sentence: ‘But the National Grid warns there could be a solar power outage as a result.’ The words in bold ‘as a result’ mean that a solar power outage could happen because of the solar eclipse.

V. The meaning of the word ‘eclipse’ in the last paragraph is ‘decline’.


Choose the CORRECT alternative.  

A
Only alternatives I, II and III are correct.
B
Only alternatives II, III and IV are correct.
C
Only alternatives III, IV and V are correct.
D
Only alternatives I, III and V are correct.
E
Only alternatives I, II and IV are correct.
4822d537-b7
PUC - PR 2016 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Assinale a alternativa CORRETA de acordo com o texto.

I. O título do texto sintetiza o caso de morte súbita relatado no texto.

II. Muitos medicamentos utilizados para combater o câncer não funcionam.

III. A busca de informações sobre doenças na internet é indicada.

IV. O câncer mencionado no texto apareceu na região da garganta da paciente.

V. O subtítulo do texto visa chamar a atenção para o uso de um medicamento que tem demonstrado proporcionar resultados promissores.

 Leia o texto a seguir.

                                                               LEARNING FROM THE LAZARUS EFFECT

Most clinical trials for cancer drugs are failures. But for a handful of patients, a drug proves to be nearly a cure. What can science learn from these “exceptional responders”?

 For years, Grace Silva had experienced odd episodes with her throat — bouts of swelling and radiating pain that seemed to resolve with antibiotics — but her doctors couldn’t explain what was wrong. Finally, after a flare-up in the summer of 2010, Grace was referred to a specialist, an ear doctor who felt something amiss on the left side of her throat: a lump. The Silva family agreed that it was time to get Grace, then 54, to a thyroid specialist. Grace’s daughter Melanie tracked down the name of one at Brigham and Women’s Hospital, a 90-minute drive from Grace’s brown clapboard split-level near New Bedford, Mass. In September 2010, the specialist delivered the diagnosis: anaplastic thyroid cancer. It was bad, he warned her, and she would need surgery. Grace’s other daughter, Karrie, was marrying in a few weeks. “Can’t it wait?” Grace asked. It could not. “And whatever you do,” the specialist said, “please don’t look it up on the Internet.”

www.nytimes.com/2016/05/15/magazine/exceptional-responders-cancer-the-lazures-effect.html

A
Somente a alternativa IV é verdadeira.
B
Somente a alternativa III é verdadeira.
C
As alternativas I e V são verdadeiras.
D
As alternativas II, IV e V são verdadeiras.
E
As alternativas I, II e IV são verdadeiras
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PUC - PR 2016 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

De acordo com o texto, assinale a alternativa CORRETA.

I. Embalagens feitas de seda, podem conservar frutas como bananas e morangos por mais de uma semana.
II. Em mais ou menos 30 anos, poderá haver menos peixes do que plásticos nos nossos oceanos.
III. Plásticos e químicos podem desaparer do planeta no futuro.
IV. Os copos feitos de seda serão usados no futuro.
V. As lagartas das mariposas produzem a seda de maneira natural.

 Leia o texto a seguir.

Scientists invent silk food wrap that's biodegradable and could replace plastic cling film

Bananas and strawberries kept at room temperature for more than a week did not go off after they were coated with a near-invisible film made from silk

                                                                                                                        Ian Johnston

 Scientists have invented a cling film-like food wrap made from silk that can preserve fruit for more than a week, as a natural, biodegradable alternative to plastic.

International concern has been growing about plastic waste, particularly the amount that gets into the sea. One estimate is that by 2050 there will be more plastic than fish in the world's oceans.

Doctors have also warned that containers made from certain kinds of plastic could be harmful to health.

Now a team of biomedical engineers at Tufts University in the US have developed a technique that enables food to be coated with an almost invisible layer of fibroin, a protein found in silk, which helps make it one of nature's toughest materials.

The lead researcher, Professor Fiorenzo Omenetto, told The Independent that the world should probably move "towards processes that are more efficient and more naturally derived" and develop materials that "are closer to the things that surround us, rather than having more man-made, processed materials ... for the general well-being of our planet".

"It's a wise way of thinking about how we manage the resources of our planet, to maybe use renewable systems as opposed to non-renewable systems," he said.

"The pervasiveness of plastic and all the inorganic chemicals that leach out, albeit at very slow rates, can affect us in many ways."

When asked what the chances were that silk-derived products would replace plastics, Professor Omenetto said: "That's our dream."

However he said the use of plastic was widespread and "incredibly cost effective" so it might take some time to convince people to change.

The same team previously made a silk cup that could be used, at least once, for coffee as a possible replacement for plasticlined cardboard cups.

In a paper in the journal Scientific Reports, they described how strawberries and bananas could be preserved for a week or more.

The fruit is coated by dipping it in a liquid containing a tiny amount of fibroin, but the wrap could also be applied with a spray. The silk is produced naturally by worms of moths.

Strawberries left for seven days at room temperature became discoloured and went soft, but those coated with the silk protein stayed juicy and firm.


Available in: http://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/silk-plastic-cling-film-food-wrap-marine-pollution-food-fruit-vegetables-tufts-universityfiorenzo-a7017401.html. Access on: May 2016.

A
Somente I, II e V são verdadeiras.
B
Somente I, II e III são verdadeiras.
C
Somente I, II e IV são verdadeiras.
D
Somente II, III e V são verdadeiras.
E
Somente II, III e IV são verdadeiras.