De acordo com o texto, assinale a alternativa CORRETA.
I. Embalagens feitas de seda, podem conservar frutas como bananas e morangos por mais de uma semana.
II. Em mais ou menos 30 anos, poderá haver menos peixes do que plásticos nos nossos oceanos.
III. Plásticos e químicos podem desaparer do planeta no futuro.
IV. Os copos feitos de seda serão usados no futuro.
V. As lagartas das mariposas produzem a seda de maneira natural.
Leia o texto a seguir.
Scientists invent silk food wrap that's biodegradable and could replace plastic cling film
Bananas and strawberries kept at room temperature for more than a week did not go off after they were coated
with a near-invisible film made from silk
Ian Johnston
Scientists have invented a cling film-like food wrap made from silk that can preserve fruit for more than a week, as a natural,
biodegradable alternative to plastic.
International concern has been growing about plastic waste, particularly the amount that gets into the sea. One estimate is
that by 2050 there will be more plastic than fish in the world's oceans.
Doctors have also warned that containers made from certain kinds of plastic could be harmful to health.
Now a team of biomedical engineers at Tufts University in the US have developed a technique that enables food to be coated
with an almost invisible layer of fibroin, a protein found in silk, which helps make it one of nature's toughest materials.
The lead researcher, Professor Fiorenzo Omenetto, told The Independent that the world should probably move "towards processes
that are more efficient and more naturally derived" and develop materials that "are closer to the things that surround
us, rather than having more man-made, processed materials ... for the general well-being of our planet".
"It's a wise way of thinking about how we manage the resources of our planet, to maybe use renewable systems as opposed
to non-renewable systems," he said.
"The pervasiveness of plastic and all the inorganic chemicals that leach out, albeit at very slow rates, can affect us in many
ways."
When asked what the chances were that silk-derived products would replace plastics, Professor Omenetto said: "That's our
dream."
However he said the use of plastic was widespread and "incredibly cost effective" so it might take some time to convince people
to change.
The same team previously made a silk cup that could be used, at least once, for coffee as a possible replacement for plasticlined
cardboard cups.
In a paper in the journal Scientific Reports, they described how strawberries and bananas could be preserved for a week or
more.
The fruit is coated by dipping it in a liquid containing a tiny amount of fibroin, but the wrap could also be applied with a spray.
The silk is produced naturally by worms of moths.
Strawberries left for seven days at room temperature became discoloured and went soft, but those coated with the silk protein
stayed juicy and firm.
Available in: http://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/silk-plastic-cling-film-food-wrap-marine-pollution-food-fruit-vegetables-tufts-universityfiorenzo-a7017401.html.
Access on: May 2016.
Leia o texto a seguir.
Scientists invent silk food wrap that's biodegradable and could replace plastic cling film
Bananas and strawberries kept at room temperature for more than a week did not go off after they were coated with a near-invisible film made from silk
Ian Johnston
Scientists have invented a cling film-like food wrap made from silk that can preserve fruit for more than a week, as a natural, biodegradable alternative to plastic.
International concern has been growing about plastic waste, particularly the amount that gets into the sea. One estimate is that by 2050 there will be more plastic than fish in the world's oceans.
Doctors have also warned that containers made from certain kinds of plastic could be harmful to health.
Now a team of biomedical engineers at Tufts University in the US have developed a technique that enables food to be coated with an almost invisible layer of fibroin, a protein found in silk, which helps make it one of nature's toughest materials.
The lead researcher, Professor Fiorenzo Omenetto, told The Independent that the world should probably move "towards processes that are more efficient and more naturally derived" and develop materials that "are closer to the things that surround us, rather than having more man-made, processed materials ... for the general well-being of our planet".
"It's a wise way of thinking about how we manage the resources of our planet, to maybe use renewable systems as opposed to non-renewable systems," he said.
"The pervasiveness of plastic and all the inorganic chemicals that leach out, albeit at very slow rates, can affect us in many ways."
When asked what the chances were that silk-derived products would replace plastics, Professor Omenetto said: "That's our dream."
However he said the use of plastic was widespread and "incredibly cost effective" so it might take some time to convince people to change.
The same team previously made a silk cup that could be used, at least once, for coffee as a possible replacement for plasticlined cardboard cups.
In a paper in the journal Scientific Reports, they described how strawberries and bananas could be preserved for a week or more.
The fruit is coated by dipping it in a liquid containing a tiny amount of fibroin, but the wrap could also be applied with a spray. The silk is produced naturally by worms of moths.
Strawberries left for seven days at room temperature became discoloured and went soft, but those coated with the silk protein stayed juicy and firm.
Available in: http://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/silk-plastic-cling-film-food-wrap-marine-pollution-food-fruit-vegetables-tufts-universityfiorenzo-a7017401.html. Access on: May 2016.
Gabarito comentado
Resposta correta: Alternativa A — Somente I, II e V são verdadeiras.
Tema central: interpretação de texto em inglês com foco em compreensão literal e inferencial. Aqui é preciso distinguir o que o texto afirma diretamente (fatos) do que sugere ou deseja (opinião/possibilidade).
Resumo teórico rápido: em questões de verdadeiro/falso, prefira evidência textual direta. Procure por palavras-chave (datas, verbos modais como could/might, frases de opinião) e considere aproximações aceitáveis (ex.: “by 2050” ≈ “em cerca de 30 anos”).
Justificativa da alternativa A (I, II e V):
I — Verdadeira: o texto diz que o filme de seda "can preserve fruit for more than a week" e que bananas e morangos ficaram preservados; portanto, embalagens de seda podem conservar frutas por mais de uma semana.
II — Verdadeira: o texto cita uma estimativa: "by 2050 there will be more plastic than fish in the world's oceans." Como o enunciado diz "em mais ou menos 30 anos", essa é uma aproximação aceitável (texto acessado em 2016 → ~34 anos até 2050), logo a afirmação é compatível com o original.
V — Verdadeira: o texto afirma que "The silk is produced naturally by worms of moths" — ou seja, as lagartas (worms) de mariposas produzem seda naturalmente.
Análise das alternativas incorretas (III e IV):
III — Falsa: o enunciado "Plásticos e químicos podem desaparecer do planeta no futuro" não é sustentado pelo texto. Pelo contrário, o texto alerta para a pervasividade do plástico e os químicos que “leach out” (liberam-se lentamente); não há afirmação de que irão desaparecer.
IV — Falsa: o texto menciona que a equipa fez um copo de seda que "could be used, at least once" como possível substituto. Isso é uma possibilidade/experimento, não uma afirmação de uso futuro garantido. O texto usa termos condicionais (could, possible), portanto não suporta a certeza exigida pela afirmação.
Dica de prova: sublinhe no texto expressões temporais e modais. Pergunte-se sempre: o autor afirma, sugere ou deseja? Afirmações categóricas precisam estar explícitas.
Fontes citadas no texto: artigo do The Independent e paper na revista Scientific Reports (mencionados pelo autor).
Gostou do comentário? Deixe sua avaliação aqui embaixo!
