Questõesde CESMAC 2017
“Liberdade é o poder de fazer tudo aquilo que as leis
permitem.” (Montesquieu).
Autor da obra ‘Do Espírito das Leis’, Montesquieu fez
parte do grupo de intelectuais, com bases filosóficas
fixadas no Iluminismo, reconhecido por
Relacionadas ao chamado Renascimento Comercial,
que atingiu algumas cidades europeias, foram criadas,
em finais da Idade Média, as Corporações de Ofício,
que podem ser definidas como:
Read the demographics below and answer the
following question based on it.
As regards the California nursing home residents
demographics above it is true to state that
Read the demographics below and answer the following question based on it.
As regards the California nursing home residents
demographics above it is true to state that
It is believed that
Read the text below and answer the following questions based on it.
The Healing Power of Music
What better “medicine” than a “treatment” that has only positive side effects and “therapy” that is actually enjoyable? Music is shown to have the ability to help organize the brain; especially vital to those who are afflicted with Alzheimer’s.
Studies have shown that the results of a musical therapy session last for several hours afterward. Positive results include elevated mood, increased socialization and appetite and reduction in agitation. These benefits are attributed to the stimulation the brain receives during a music therapy session, a sort of “cognitive workout”.
As speech, writing and traditional forms of communication are compromised, music provides an alternative means of maintaining a connection, thereby helping to normalize interaction between caregiver and patient. Music used therapeutically creates an environment where the patient can be nurtured and cared for in a way that is safe, gentle and appropriate. Music is central to maintaining human bonds when those with dementia have lost the ability to initiate communication or to respond verbally.
The powers of music when focused and used therapeutically are many. Critical to maintaining quality of life for those with Alzheimer’s is management of emotions and preserving the connection with others. Music is conducive to keeping those connections strong as long as possible while helping the participant to focus, increase awareness and orient to the environment. A number of research studies have looked at music therapy as an important adjunct to medical treatment and findings suggest a possible link between the use of music and slowing the progression of dementia.
Music is primal to life and expressed by each of us every day whether through dancing to a favorite tune, keeping rhythm with a pencil or remembering a special time when hearing a forgotten melody. It is central to our lives and is embedded in our culture, defining how we acknowledge milestones, rites of passage and celebrations as well as providing comfort, transformation and inspiration.
In the sentence “As speech, writing and traditional
forms of communication are compromised,…” a
possible contextual synonym for compromised is
Read the text below and answer the following questions based on it.
The Healing Power of Music
What better “medicine” than a “treatment” that has only positive side effects and “therapy” that is actually enjoyable? Music is shown to have the ability to help organize the brain; especially vital to those who are afflicted with Alzheimer’s.
Studies have shown that the results of a musical therapy session last for several hours afterward. Positive results include elevated mood, increased socialization and appetite and reduction in agitation. These benefits are attributed to the stimulation the brain receives during a music therapy session, a sort of “cognitive workout”.
As speech, writing and traditional forms of communication are compromised, music provides an alternative means of maintaining a connection, thereby helping to normalize interaction between caregiver and patient. Music used therapeutically creates an environment where the patient can be nurtured and cared for in a way that is safe, gentle and appropriate. Music is central to maintaining human bonds when those with dementia have lost the ability to initiate communication or to respond verbally.
The powers of music when focused and used therapeutically are many. Critical to maintaining quality of life for those with Alzheimer’s is management of emotions and preserving the connection with others. Music is conducive to keeping those connections strong as long as possible while helping the participant to focus, increase awareness and orient to the environment. A number of research studies have looked at music therapy as an important adjunct to medical treatment and findings suggest a possible link between the use of music and slowing the progression of dementia.
Music is primal to life and expressed by each of us every day whether through dancing to a favorite tune, keeping rhythm with a pencil or remembering a special time when hearing a forgotten melody. It is central to our lives and is embedded in our culture, defining how we acknowledge milestones, rites of passage and celebrations as well as providing comfort, transformation and inspiration.
Music
Read the text below and answer the following questions based on it.
The Healing Power of Music
What better “medicine” than a “treatment” that has only positive side effects and “therapy” that is actually enjoyable? Music is shown to have the ability to help organize the brain; especially vital to those who are afflicted with Alzheimer’s.
Studies have shown that the results of a musical therapy session last for several hours afterward. Positive results include elevated mood, increased socialization and appetite and reduction in agitation. These benefits are attributed to the stimulation the brain receives during a music therapy session, a sort of “cognitive workout”.
As speech, writing and traditional forms of communication are compromised, music provides an alternative means of maintaining a connection, thereby helping to normalize interaction between caregiver and patient. Music used therapeutically creates an environment where the patient can be nurtured and cared for in a way that is safe, gentle and appropriate. Music is central to maintaining human bonds when those with dementia have lost the ability to initiate communication or to respond verbally.
The powers of music when focused and used therapeutically are many. Critical to maintaining quality of life for those with Alzheimer’s is management of emotions and preserving the connection with others. Music is conducive to keeping those connections strong as long as possible while helping the participant to focus, increase awareness and orient to the environment. A number of research studies have looked at music therapy as an important adjunct to medical treatment and findings suggest a possible link between the use of music and slowing the progression of dementia.
Music is primal to life and expressed by each of us every day whether through dancing to a favorite tune, keeping rhythm with a pencil or remembering a special time when hearing a forgotten melody. It is central to our lives and is embedded in our culture, defining how we acknowledge milestones, rites of passage and celebrations as well as providing comfort, transformation and inspiration.
The findings of the research suggest that
Read the text below and answer the following questions based on it.
Abstract
Skipping breakfast can be potentially harmful because breakfast consumption is considered one of the important health-related behaviors that benefit physical and mental health. As the rate of depression has increased recently, we investigated the association between the frequency of eating breakfast and depression in adults. We obtained the data from the 2013 Korean Community Health Survey; a total of 207,710 survey participants aged 20 years or over were studied. Participants were categorized into three groups by the frequency of breakfast consumption as follows: “seldom,” “sometimes,” and “always.” We performed a multiple logistic regression to investigate the association between breakfast consumption and depressive mood. Subgroup analyses were conducted by stratifying socioeconomic variables controlling for variables known to be associated with depressive symptoms. Participants who had breakfast seldom or sometimes had higher depressive symptoms than those who always ate breakfast (“seldom”: OR = 1.43, 95% CI 1.36–1.52; “sometimes”: OR = 1.32, 95% CI 1.23–1.40). Subgroup analyses showed that this association was more marked in those who were 80 years or older, those who had low household income, or those with elementary school education level or less. The result of this study suggests that lack of breakfast consumption is associated with depression among adults with different socioeconomic factors.
Adaptado de:
This abstract is related to a research project carried out
Read the text below and answer the following questions based on it.
Abstract
Skipping breakfast can be potentially harmful because breakfast consumption is considered one of the important health-related behaviors that benefit physical and mental health. As the rate of depression has increased recently, we investigated the association between the frequency of eating breakfast and depression in adults. We obtained the data from the 2013 Korean Community Health Survey; a total of 207,710 survey participants aged 20 years or over were studied. Participants were categorized into three groups by the frequency of breakfast consumption as follows: “seldom,” “sometimes,” and “always.” We performed a multiple logistic regression to investigate the association between breakfast consumption and depressive mood. Subgroup analyses were conducted by stratifying socioeconomic variables controlling for variables known to be associated with depressive symptoms. Participants who had breakfast seldom or sometimes had higher depressive symptoms than those who always ate breakfast (“seldom”: OR = 1.43, 95% CI 1.36–1.52; “sometimes”: OR = 1.32, 95% CI 1.23–1.40). Subgroup analyses showed that this association was more marked in those who were 80 years or older, those who had low household income, or those with elementary school education level or less. The result of this study suggests that lack of breakfast consumption is associated with depression among adults with different socioeconomic factors.
Adaptado de:
The outbreak of yellow fever and its urban spread is
Read the text below and answer the following question based on it.
Yellow Fever — Once Again on the Radar Screen in the Americas
Over the past several weeks, a fifth arbovirus, yellow fever virus, has broken out in Brazil, with the majority of the infections occurring in rural areas of the country. These are referred to as sylvatic, or jungle, cases, since the typical transmission cycle occurs between forest mosquitoes and forest-dwelling nonhuman primates, with humans serving only as incidental hosts. In this ongoing outbreak, health authorities have reported 234 confirmed infections and 80 confirmed deaths as of February 2017. Confirmed infections have occurred in the Brazilian states of Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, and São Paulo, and hundreds of additional cases remain under investigation. The high number of cases is out of proportion to the number reported in a typical year in these areas.
Although there is currently no evidence that human-tohuman transmission through Aedes aegypti mosquitoes (urban transmission) has occurred, the outbreak is affecting areas in close proximity to major urban centers where yellow fever vaccine is not routinely administered. This proximity raises concern that, for the first time in decades, urban transmission of yellow fever will occur in Brazil.
Yellow fever is the most severe arbovirus ever to circulate in the Americas, and although vaccination campaigns and vector-control efforts have eliminated it from many areas, sylvatic transmission cycles continue to occur in endemic tropical regions. The most recent outbreak in Brazil highlights this phenomenon. If the current outbreak leads to urban spread through A. aegypti mosquitoes, clinicians should adopt a high index of suspicion for yellow fever, particularly in travelers returning from affected regions. As with all potentially reemerging infectious diseases, public health awareness and preparedness are essential to prevent a resurgence of this historical threat.
Adaptado de:
As for the recent Yellow Fever outbreak in Brazil, it is
true to assert that
Read the text below and answer the following question based on it.
Yellow Fever — Once Again on the Radar Screen in the Americas
Over the past several weeks, a fifth arbovirus, yellow fever virus, has broken out in Brazil, with the majority of the infections occurring in rural areas of the country. These are referred to as sylvatic, or jungle, cases, since the typical transmission cycle occurs between forest mosquitoes and forest-dwelling nonhuman primates, with humans serving only as incidental hosts. In this ongoing outbreak, health authorities have reported 234 confirmed infections and 80 confirmed deaths as of February 2017. Confirmed infections have occurred in the Brazilian states of Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, and São Paulo, and hundreds of additional cases remain under investigation. The high number of cases is out of proportion to the number reported in a typical year in these areas.
Although there is currently no evidence that human-tohuman transmission through Aedes aegypti mosquitoes (urban transmission) has occurred, the outbreak is affecting areas in close proximity to major urban centers where yellow fever vaccine is not routinely administered. This proximity raises concern that, for the first time in decades, urban transmission of yellow fever will occur in Brazil.
Yellow fever is the most severe arbovirus ever to circulate in the Americas, and although vaccination campaigns and vector-control efforts have eliminated it from many areas, sylvatic transmission cycles continue to occur in endemic tropical regions. The most recent outbreak in Brazil highlights this phenomenon. If the current outbreak leads to urban spread through A. aegypti mosquitoes, clinicians should adopt a high index of suspicion for yellow fever, particularly in travelers returning from affected regions. As with all potentially reemerging infectious diseases, public health awareness and preparedness are essential to prevent a resurgence of this historical threat.
Adaptado de:
Os romancistas de 1930, ao contrário dos poetas
modernistas, não pretendiam seguir os pressupostos
estéticos das correntes de vanguarda, embora
considerassem irreversíveis muitas ideias dos
primeiros modernistas. Entre essas ideias, merece
destaque:
Analise o fragmento de um poema, transcrito abaixo.
Quero que a estrofe cristalina
dobrada ao jeito,
do ourives, saia da oficina
sem um defeito:
E horas sem conta passo, mudo,
o olhar atento,
A trabalhar, longe de tudo,
o pensamento.
Porque o escrever – tanta perícia,
tanta requer,
que ofício tal... nem há notícia
de outra qualquer.
(Olavo Bilac. Poesias. São Paulo: Martin Claret, 2002.)
O poema acima se insere na produção poética do
Parnasianismo. Esse período teve, como uma de suas
concepções nucleares, o culto da ‘arte pela arte’, ou ‘a
arte com fim em si mesma’. Tal concepção da poesia
parnasiana se revela no poema acima:
Analise o fragmento de um poema, transcrito abaixo.
Quero que a estrofe cristalina
dobrada ao jeito,
do ourives, saia da oficina
sem um defeito:
E horas sem conta passo, mudo,
o olhar atento,
A trabalhar, longe de tudo,
o pensamento.
Porque o escrever – tanta perícia,
tanta requer,
que ofício tal... nem há notícia
de outra qualquer.
(Olavo Bilac. Poesias. São Paulo: Martin Claret, 2002.)
O poema acima se insere na produção poética do
Parnasianismo. Esse período teve, como uma de suas
concepções nucleares, o culto da ‘arte pela arte’, ou ‘a
arte com fim em si mesma’. Tal concepção da poesia
parnasiana se revela no poema acima:
O trecho de Machado, um dos maiores representantes
da literatura brasileira, revela certa intertextualidade
com a literatura do período:
Analise o poema, transcrito abaixo.
A água é falsa, a água é boa.
Nada, nadador!
A água é mansa, a água é doida,
aqui é fria, ali é morna,
a água é fêmea.
Nada, nadador!
A água sobe, a água desce,
a água é mansa, a água é doida.
Nada, nadador!
A água te lambe, a água te abraça,
a água te leva, a água te mata.
Nada, nadador!
Senão, o que restará de ti, nadador?
Nada, nadador!
Jorge de Lima. Poemas escolhidos.
Veja acima o poema O Nadador, de autoria do poeta
alagoano Jorge Lima. Analise os comentários que são
feitos acerca de sua obra e, particularmente, acerca
desse poema.
1) O poema exibe uma grande incidência de
recursos reiterativos, sobretudo no âmbito da
forma.
2) O poeta emprestou ao poema uma elaboração
dialógica, muito semelhante às práticas sociais
da conversação coloquial.
3) A obra poética de Jorge de Lima se insere na
segunda geração dos modernistas brasileiros.
Revelou-se um artista multifacetado, em
constante mudança, pois recorreu a diferentes
estilos e perspectivas estéticas.
4) Os dois últimos versos são bastante expressivos,
pois exploram os efeitos de sentido provocados
pelo recurso a uma homonímia.
Estão corretas as alternativas:
Analise o poema, transcrito abaixo.
A água é falsa, a água é boa.
Nada, nadador!
A água é mansa, a água é doida,
aqui é fria, ali é morna,
a água é fêmea.
Nada, nadador!
A água sobe, a água desce,
a água é mansa, a água é doida.
Nada, nadador!
A água te lambe, a água te abraça,
a água te leva, a água te mata.
Nada, nadador!
Senão, o que restará de ti, nadador?
Nada, nadador!
Jorge de Lima. Poemas escolhidos.
Veja acima o poema O Nadador, de autoria do poeta alagoano Jorge Lima. Analise os comentários que são feitos acerca de sua obra e, particularmente, acerca desse poema.
1) O poema exibe uma grande incidência de recursos reiterativos, sobretudo no âmbito da forma.
2) O poeta emprestou ao poema uma elaboração dialógica, muito semelhante às práticas sociais da conversação coloquial.
3) A obra poética de Jorge de Lima se insere na segunda geração dos modernistas brasileiros. Revelou-se um artista multifacetado, em constante mudança, pois recorreu a diferentes estilos e perspectivas estéticas.
4) Os dois últimos versos são bastante expressivos, pois exploram os efeitos de sentido provocados pelo recurso a uma homonímia.
Estão corretas as alternativas:
As normas sintáticas da língua portuguesa conferem à
concordância verbal certa distinção, no que tange ao
uso da língua considerada ‘culta’. Nesse sentido,
analise os verbos constantes nas alternativas
seguintes e assinale a alternativa em que a relação
verbo-sujeito está indicada corretamente.
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/qcon-assets-production/images/provas/74508/75dbf45e9367743c6406.png)
Atualmente, convivemos com uma multiplicidade de
códigos e linguagens, amplamente significativos e
carregados de funções comunicativas. De fato, o
homem ampliou sua forma de produzir sentido e
interagir com os outros. Por exemplo, o Texto –
podemos considerá-lo assim – cumpre uma função
política, pois:
1) atinge em cheio a temática ambiental, uma das
questões mais comprometedoras da saúde do
Planeta.
2) pretende denunciar uma realidade insustentável e
de péssimas repercussões para a qualidade de
vida do homem.
3) mesmo sem palavras, metaforicamente,
simboliza uma atividade humana digna de
repúdio.
4) traz para o mesmo cenário símbolos que não
pertencem aos mesmos campos da atividade
agrícola.
5) constitui uma espécie de divulgação da atividade
humana que põe em risco a sobrevivência da
vida na Terra.
Estão corretas:
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/qcon-assets-production/images/provas/74508/75dbf45e9367743c6406.png)