In the sentence “As speech, writing and traditional
forms of communication are compromised,…” a
possible contextual synonym for compromised is
Read the text below and answer the following
questions based on it.
The Healing Power of Music
What better “medicine” than a “treatment” that has only
positive side effects and “therapy” that is actually
enjoyable? Music is shown to have the ability to help
organize the brain; especially vital to those who are afflicted
with Alzheimer’s.
Studies have shown that the results of a musical therapy
session last for several hours afterward. Positive results
include elevated mood, increased socialization and appetite
and reduction in agitation. These benefits are attributed to
the stimulation the brain receives during a music therapy
session, a sort of “cognitive workout”.
As speech, writing and traditional forms of communication
are compromised, music provides an alternative means of
maintaining a connection, thereby helping to normalize
interaction between caregiver and patient. Music used
therapeutically creates an environment where the patient
can be nurtured and cared for in a way that is safe, gentle
and appropriate. Music is central to maintaining human
bonds when those with dementia have lost the ability to
initiate communication or to respond verbally.
The powers of music when focused and used
therapeutically are many. Critical to maintaining quality of
life for those with Alzheimer’s is management of emotions
and preserving the connection with others. Music is
conducive to keeping those connections strong as long as
possible while helping the participant to focus, increase
awareness and orient to the environment. A number of
research studies have looked at music therapy as an
important adjunct to medical treatment and findings suggest
a possible link between the use of music and slowing the
progression of dementia.
Music is primal to life and expressed by each of us every
day whether through dancing to a favorite tune, keeping
rhythm with a pencil or remembering a special time when
hearing a forgotten melody. It is central to our lives and is
embedded in our culture, defining how we acknowledge
milestones, rites of passage and celebrations as well as
providing comfort, transformation and inspiration.
Acessado em 14 de abril de 2017. Adaptado
Read the text below and answer the following questions based on it.
The Healing Power of Music
What better “medicine” than a “treatment” that has only positive side effects and “therapy” that is actually enjoyable? Music is shown to have the ability to help organize the brain; especially vital to those who are afflicted with Alzheimer’s.
Studies have shown that the results of a musical therapy session last for several hours afterward. Positive results include elevated mood, increased socialization and appetite and reduction in agitation. These benefits are attributed to the stimulation the brain receives during a music therapy session, a sort of “cognitive workout”.
As speech, writing and traditional forms of communication are compromised, music provides an alternative means of maintaining a connection, thereby helping to normalize interaction between caregiver and patient. Music used therapeutically creates an environment where the patient can be nurtured and cared for in a way that is safe, gentle and appropriate. Music is central to maintaining human bonds when those with dementia have lost the ability to initiate communication or to respond verbally.
The powers of music when focused and used therapeutically are many. Critical to maintaining quality of life for those with Alzheimer’s is management of emotions and preserving the connection with others. Music is conducive to keeping those connections strong as long as possible while helping the participant to focus, increase awareness and orient to the environment. A number of research studies have looked at music therapy as an important adjunct to medical treatment and findings suggest a possible link between the use of music and slowing the progression of dementia.
Music is primal to life and expressed by each of us every day whether through dancing to a favorite tune, keeping rhythm with a pencil or remembering a special time when hearing a forgotten melody. It is central to our lives and is embedded in our culture, defining how we acknowledge milestones, rites of passage and celebrations as well as providing comfort, transformation and inspiration.
Gabarito comentado
Tema central: A questão aborda sinônimos (synonyms) em Inglês, especificamente em contextos de interpretação de texto, uma das competências fundamentais em provas de vestibular e concursos.
Explicação Didática: A palavra “compromised”, no trecho “As speech, writing and traditional forms of communication are compromised...”, significa que a fala, a escrita e outras formas clássicas de comunicação estão prejudicadas, debilitadas ou em risco. Em inglês, é comum seu uso para indicar perigo ou perda de funcionalidade (ex: “The system was compromised by a virus”).
Estratégia de Resolução: Busque sempre entender o contexto do termo, e não só seu significado isolado. Ler toda a frase e identificar se o termo tem conotação positiva, negativa ou neutra é fundamental. Aqui, o texto discute a perda de habilidades comunicativas devido a uma doença, sugerindo sentido negativo.
Justificativa da Alternativa Correta – D) jeopardized:
O verbo “jeopardize” significa colocar em risco, prejudicar. Portanto, é equivalente a “compromised” no contexto apresentado, pois ambos remetem à ideia de algo que está funcionando abaixo do normal ou em perigo.
Análise das Alternativas Incorretas:
A) used: Significa usado. Não há relação semântica com “prejudicado”.
B) emphasized: Quer dizer enfatizado, dado destaque. Tem conotação positiva, oposta ao sentido de “compromised”.
C) strengthened: Fortalecido. Também é o oposto, pois indica melhora.
E) considered: Considerado. Não há perda, dano ou risco (ideia central da questão).
Pegadinhas: Palavras que parecem familiares (como “used” ou “considered”) podem confundir. Sempre cheque o sentido contextual e não apenas traduções literais.
Dica de estudo: Palavras de sentido negativo, como “compromised”, muitas vezes terão como sinônimos verbs como damage, harm, impair ou jeopardize. Consulte fontes como Michaelis Escolar ou Cambridge Learner's Dictionary para praticar.
Conclusão: A alternativa D) jeopardized é, de acordo com o contexto, o melhor sinônimo, pois expressa exatamente a ideia de algo colocado em perigo ou prejudicado.
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