Questõesde UNIFESP 2018

1
1
Foram encontradas 45 questões
756a9a05-51
UNIFESP 2018 - Inglês - Sinônimos | Synonyms

No trecho do quarto parágrafo “gender stereotypes about jobs and caring have crumbled”, o termo sublinhado pode ser substituído, sem alteração de sentido, por

                                  Why so few nurses are men


                  

      Ask health professionals in any country what the biggest problem in their health-care system is and one of the most common answers is the shortage of nurses. In ageing rich countries, demand for nursing care is becoming increasingly insatiable. Britain’s National Health Service, for example, has 40,000-odd nurse vacancies. Poor countries struggle with the emigration of nurses for greener pastures. One obvious solution seems neglected: recruit more men. Typically, just 5-10% of nurses registered in a given country are men. Why so few?

      Views of nursing as a “woman’s job” have deep roots. Florence Nightingale, who established the principles of modern nursing in the 1860s, insisted that men’s “hard and horny” hands were “not fitted to touch, bathe and dress wounded limbs”. In Britain the Royal College of Nursing, the profession’s union, did not even admit men as members until 1960. Some nursing schools in America started admitting men only in 1982, after a Supreme Court ruling forced them to. Senior nurse titles such as “sister” (a ward manager) and “matron” (which in some countries is used for men as well) do not help matters. Unsurprisingly, some older people do not even know that men can be nurses too. Male nurses often encounter patients who assume they are doctors.

      Another problem is that beliefs about what a nursing job entails are often outdated – in ways that may be particularly off-putting for men. In films, nurses are commonly portrayed as the helpers of heroic male doctors. In fact, nurses do most of their work independently and are the first responders to patients in crisis. To dispel myths, nurse-recruitment campaigns display nursing as a professional job with career progression, specialisms like anaesthetics, cardiology or emergency care, and use for skills related to technology, innovation and leadership. However, attracting men without playing to gender stereotypes can be tricky. “Are you man enough to be a nurse?”, the slogan of an American campaign, was involved in controversy.

      Nursing is not a career many boys aspire to, or are encouraged to consider. Only two-fifths of British parents say they would be proud if their son became a nurse. Because of all this, men who go into nursing are usually already closely familiar with the job. Some are following in the career footsteps of their mothers. Others decide that the job would suit them after they see a male nurse care for a relative or they themselves get care from a male nurse when hospitalised. Although many gender stereotypes about jobs and caring have crumbled, nursing has, so far, remained unaffected.

                                              (www.economist.com, 22.08.2018. Adaptado.)

A
continued.
B
aggregated.
C
recovered.
D
strengthened.
E
collapsed.
757053c8-51
UNIFESP 2018 - Inglês - Vocabulário | Vocabulary, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension


Compared to the previous text “Why so few nurses are men”, the cartoon

A
encourages both men and women to become nurses.
B
confirms the stereotype of female nurses.
C
suggests that nurses think that doctors are heroes.
D
implies that men make better doctors.
E
shows that doctors are often distressed.
7565bc9b-51
UNIFESP 2018 - Inglês - Sinônimos | Synonyms, Palavras conectivas | Connective words

No trecho do quarto parágrafo “Although many gender stereotypes about jobs and caring have crumbled”, o termo sublinhado pode ser substituído, sem alteração de sentido, por

                                  Why so few nurses are men


                  

      Ask health professionals in any country what the biggest problem in their health-care system is and one of the most common answers is the shortage of nurses. In ageing rich countries, demand for nursing care is becoming increasingly insatiable. Britain’s National Health Service, for example, has 40,000-odd nurse vacancies. Poor countries struggle with the emigration of nurses for greener pastures. One obvious solution seems neglected: recruit more men. Typically, just 5-10% of nurses registered in a given country are men. Why so few?

      Views of nursing as a “woman’s job” have deep roots. Florence Nightingale, who established the principles of modern nursing in the 1860s, insisted that men’s “hard and horny” hands were “not fitted to touch, bathe and dress wounded limbs”. In Britain the Royal College of Nursing, the profession’s union, did not even admit men as members until 1960. Some nursing schools in America started admitting men only in 1982, after a Supreme Court ruling forced them to. Senior nurse titles such as “sister” (a ward manager) and “matron” (which in some countries is used for men as well) do not help matters. Unsurprisingly, some older people do not even know that men can be nurses too. Male nurses often encounter patients who assume they are doctors.

      Another problem is that beliefs about what a nursing job entails are often outdated – in ways that may be particularly off-putting for men. In films, nurses are commonly portrayed as the helpers of heroic male doctors. In fact, nurses do most of their work independently and are the first responders to patients in crisis. To dispel myths, nurse-recruitment campaigns display nursing as a professional job with career progression, specialisms like anaesthetics, cardiology or emergency care, and use for skills related to technology, innovation and leadership. However, attracting men without playing to gender stereotypes can be tricky. “Are you man enough to be a nurse?”, the slogan of an American campaign, was involved in controversy.

      Nursing is not a career many boys aspire to, or are encouraged to consider. Only two-fifths of British parents say they would be proud if their son became a nurse. Because of all this, men who go into nursing are usually already closely familiar with the job. Some are following in the career footsteps of their mothers. Others decide that the job would suit them after they see a male nurse care for a relative or they themselves get care from a male nurse when hospitalised. Although many gender stereotypes about jobs and caring have crumbled, nursing has, so far, remained unaffected.

                                              (www.economist.com, 22.08.2018. Adaptado.)

A
because.
B
otherwise.
C
unless.
D
though.
E
therefore.
75607f85-51
UNIFESP 2018 - Inglês - Aspectos linguísticos | Linguistic aspects, Preposições | Prepositions

No trecho do terceiro parágrafo “To dispel myths, nurse-recruitment campaigns”, o termo sublinhado indica

                                  Why so few nurses are men


                  

      Ask health professionals in any country what the biggest problem in their health-care system is and one of the most common answers is the shortage of nurses. In ageing rich countries, demand for nursing care is becoming increasingly insatiable. Britain’s National Health Service, for example, has 40,000-odd nurse vacancies. Poor countries struggle with the emigration of nurses for greener pastures. One obvious solution seems neglected: recruit more men. Typically, just 5-10% of nurses registered in a given country are men. Why so few?

      Views of nursing as a “woman’s job” have deep roots. Florence Nightingale, who established the principles of modern nursing in the 1860s, insisted that men’s “hard and horny” hands were “not fitted to touch, bathe and dress wounded limbs”. In Britain the Royal College of Nursing, the profession’s union, did not even admit men as members until 1960. Some nursing schools in America started admitting men only in 1982, after a Supreme Court ruling forced them to. Senior nurse titles such as “sister” (a ward manager) and “matron” (which in some countries is used for men as well) do not help matters. Unsurprisingly, some older people do not even know that men can be nurses too. Male nurses often encounter patients who assume they are doctors.

      Another problem is that beliefs about what a nursing job entails are often outdated – in ways that may be particularly off-putting for men. In films, nurses are commonly portrayed as the helpers of heroic male doctors. In fact, nurses do most of their work independently and are the first responders to patients in crisis. To dispel myths, nurse-recruitment campaigns display nursing as a professional job with career progression, specialisms like anaesthetics, cardiology or emergency care, and use for skills related to technology, innovation and leadership. However, attracting men without playing to gender stereotypes can be tricky. “Are you man enough to be a nurse?”, the slogan of an American campaign, was involved in controversy.

      Nursing is not a career many boys aspire to, or are encouraged to consider. Only two-fifths of British parents say they would be proud if their son became a nurse. Because of all this, men who go into nursing are usually already closely familiar with the job. Some are following in the career footsteps of their mothers. Others decide that the job would suit them after they see a male nurse care for a relative or they themselves get care from a male nurse when hospitalised. Although many gender stereotypes about jobs and caring have crumbled, nursing has, so far, remained unaffected.

                                              (www.economist.com, 22.08.2018. Adaptado.)

A
equivalência.
B
adição.
C
causa.
D
contraste.
E
finalidade.
755bf214-51
UNIFESP 2018 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

O trecho do terceiro parágrafo que exemplifica a visão ultrapassada sobre a enfermagem, que pode desestimular homens a seguirem a profissão, é:

                                  Why so few nurses are men


                  

      Ask health professionals in any country what the biggest problem in their health-care system is and one of the most common answers is the shortage of nurses. In ageing rich countries, demand for nursing care is becoming increasingly insatiable. Britain’s National Health Service, for example, has 40,000-odd nurse vacancies. Poor countries struggle with the emigration of nurses for greener pastures. One obvious solution seems neglected: recruit more men. Typically, just 5-10% of nurses registered in a given country are men. Why so few?

      Views of nursing as a “woman’s job” have deep roots. Florence Nightingale, who established the principles of modern nursing in the 1860s, insisted that men’s “hard and horny” hands were “not fitted to touch, bathe and dress wounded limbs”. In Britain the Royal College of Nursing, the profession’s union, did not even admit men as members until 1960. Some nursing schools in America started admitting men only in 1982, after a Supreme Court ruling forced them to. Senior nurse titles such as “sister” (a ward manager) and “matron” (which in some countries is used for men as well) do not help matters. Unsurprisingly, some older people do not even know that men can be nurses too. Male nurses often encounter patients who assume they are doctors.

      Another problem is that beliefs about what a nursing job entails are often outdated – in ways that may be particularly off-putting for men. In films, nurses are commonly portrayed as the helpers of heroic male doctors. In fact, nurses do most of their work independently and are the first responders to patients in crisis. To dispel myths, nurse-recruitment campaigns display nursing as a professional job with career progression, specialisms like anaesthetics, cardiology or emergency care, and use for skills related to technology, innovation and leadership. However, attracting men without playing to gender stereotypes can be tricky. “Are you man enough to be a nurse?”, the slogan of an American campaign, was involved in controversy.

      Nursing is not a career many boys aspire to, or are encouraged to consider. Only two-fifths of British parents say they would be proud if their son became a nurse. Because of all this, men who go into nursing are usually already closely familiar with the job. Some are following in the career footsteps of their mothers. Others decide that the job would suit them after they see a male nurse care for a relative or they themselves get care from a male nurse when hospitalised. Although many gender stereotypes about jobs and caring have crumbled, nursing has, so far, remained unaffected.

                                              (www.economist.com, 22.08.2018. Adaptado.)

A
“attracting men without playing to gender stereotypes can be tricky”.
B
“nurses do most of their work independently and are the first responders to patients in crisis”.
C
“nurse-recruitment campaigns display nursing as a professional job with career progression, specialisms like anaesthetics, cardiology or emergency care”.
D
“In films, nurses are commonly portrayed as the helpers of heroic male doctors”.
E
“the slogan of an American campaign, was involved in controversy”.
75538c1f-51
UNIFESP 2018 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

De acordo com o segundo parágrafo,

                                  Why so few nurses are men


                  

      Ask health professionals in any country what the biggest problem in their health-care system is and one of the most common answers is the shortage of nurses. In ageing rich countries, demand for nursing care is becoming increasingly insatiable. Britain’s National Health Service, for example, has 40,000-odd nurse vacancies. Poor countries struggle with the emigration of nurses for greener pastures. One obvious solution seems neglected: recruit more men. Typically, just 5-10% of nurses registered in a given country are men. Why so few?

      Views of nursing as a “woman’s job” have deep roots. Florence Nightingale, who established the principles of modern nursing in the 1860s, insisted that men’s “hard and horny” hands were “not fitted to touch, bathe and dress wounded limbs”. In Britain the Royal College of Nursing, the profession’s union, did not even admit men as members until 1960. Some nursing schools in America started admitting men only in 1982, after a Supreme Court ruling forced them to. Senior nurse titles such as “sister” (a ward manager) and “matron” (which in some countries is used for men as well) do not help matters. Unsurprisingly, some older people do not even know that men can be nurses too. Male nurses often encounter patients who assume they are doctors.

      Another problem is that beliefs about what a nursing job entails are often outdated – in ways that may be particularly off-putting for men. In films, nurses are commonly portrayed as the helpers of heroic male doctors. In fact, nurses do most of their work independently and are the first responders to patients in crisis. To dispel myths, nurse-recruitment campaigns display nursing as a professional job with career progression, specialisms like anaesthetics, cardiology or emergency care, and use for skills related to technology, innovation and leadership. However, attracting men without playing to gender stereotypes can be tricky. “Are you man enough to be a nurse?”, the slogan of an American campaign, was involved in controversy.

      Nursing is not a career many boys aspire to, or are encouraged to consider. Only two-fifths of British parents say they would be proud if their son became a nurse. Because of all this, men who go into nursing are usually already closely familiar with the job. Some are following in the career footsteps of their mothers. Others decide that the job would suit them after they see a male nurse care for a relative or they themselves get care from a male nurse when hospitalised. Although many gender stereotypes about jobs and caring have crumbled, nursing has, so far, remained unaffected.

                                              (www.economist.com, 22.08.2018. Adaptado.)

A
os pacientes preferem ser cuidados por enfermeiras e tratados por médicos.
B
a Suprema Corte dos Estados Unidos vetou a admissão de homens em escolas de enfermagem em 1982.
C
Florence Nightingale foi a primeira enfermeira do Reino Unido, em 1860.
D
uma tradição histórica desencorajava e até impedia homens de serem enfermeiros.
E
a enfermagem é realmente mais adequada às mulheres.
75577807-51
UNIFESP 2018 - Inglês - Vocabulário | Vocabulary

No trecho do segundo parágrafo “did not even admit men as members until 1960”, o termo sublinhado indica

                                  Why so few nurses are men


                  

      Ask health professionals in any country what the biggest problem in their health-care system is and one of the most common answers is the shortage of nurses. In ageing rich countries, demand for nursing care is becoming increasingly insatiable. Britain’s National Health Service, for example, has 40,000-odd nurse vacancies. Poor countries struggle with the emigration of nurses for greener pastures. One obvious solution seems neglected: recruit more men. Typically, just 5-10% of nurses registered in a given country are men. Why so few?

      Views of nursing as a “woman’s job” have deep roots. Florence Nightingale, who established the principles of modern nursing in the 1860s, insisted that men’s “hard and horny” hands were “not fitted to touch, bathe and dress wounded limbs”. In Britain the Royal College of Nursing, the profession’s union, did not even admit men as members until 1960. Some nursing schools in America started admitting men only in 1982, after a Supreme Court ruling forced them to. Senior nurse titles such as “sister” (a ward manager) and “matron” (which in some countries is used for men as well) do not help matters. Unsurprisingly, some older people do not even know that men can be nurses too. Male nurses often encounter patients who assume they are doctors.

      Another problem is that beliefs about what a nursing job entails are often outdated – in ways that may be particularly off-putting for men. In films, nurses are commonly portrayed as the helpers of heroic male doctors. In fact, nurses do most of their work independently and are the first responders to patients in crisis. To dispel myths, nurse-recruitment campaigns display nursing as a professional job with career progression, specialisms like anaesthetics, cardiology or emergency care, and use for skills related to technology, innovation and leadership. However, attracting men without playing to gender stereotypes can be tricky. “Are you man enough to be a nurse?”, the slogan of an American campaign, was involved in controversy.

      Nursing is not a career many boys aspire to, or are encouraged to consider. Only two-fifths of British parents say they would be proud if their son became a nurse. Because of all this, men who go into nursing are usually already closely familiar with the job. Some are following in the career footsteps of their mothers. Others decide that the job would suit them after they see a male nurse care for a relative or they themselves get care from a male nurse when hospitalised. Although many gender stereotypes about jobs and caring have crumbled, nursing has, so far, remained unaffected.

                                              (www.economist.com, 22.08.2018. Adaptado.)

A
descrédito.
B
ênfase.
C
conclusão.
D
generalização.
E
conformidade.
754fb5d1-51
UNIFESP 2018 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

No trecho do primeiro parágrafo “Poor countries struggle with the emigration of nurses for greener pastures”, a expressão sublinhada tem sentido de

                                  Why so few nurses are men


                  

      Ask health professionals in any country what the biggest problem in their health-care system is and one of the most common answers is the shortage of nurses. In ageing rich countries, demand for nursing care is becoming increasingly insatiable. Britain’s National Health Service, for example, has 40,000-odd nurse vacancies. Poor countries struggle with the emigration of nurses for greener pastures. One obvious solution seems neglected: recruit more men. Typically, just 5-10% of nurses registered in a given country are men. Why so few?

      Views of nursing as a “woman’s job” have deep roots. Florence Nightingale, who established the principles of modern nursing in the 1860s, insisted that men’s “hard and horny” hands were “not fitted to touch, bathe and dress wounded limbs”. In Britain the Royal College of Nursing, the profession’s union, did not even admit men as members until 1960. Some nursing schools in America started admitting men only in 1982, after a Supreme Court ruling forced them to. Senior nurse titles such as “sister” (a ward manager) and “matron” (which in some countries is used for men as well) do not help matters. Unsurprisingly, some older people do not even know that men can be nurses too. Male nurses often encounter patients who assume they are doctors.

      Another problem is that beliefs about what a nursing job entails are often outdated – in ways that may be particularly off-putting for men. In films, nurses are commonly portrayed as the helpers of heroic male doctors. In fact, nurses do most of their work independently and are the first responders to patients in crisis. To dispel myths, nurse-recruitment campaigns display nursing as a professional job with career progression, specialisms like anaesthetics, cardiology or emergency care, and use for skills related to technology, innovation and leadership. However, attracting men without playing to gender stereotypes can be tricky. “Are you man enough to be a nurse?”, the slogan of an American campaign, was involved in controversy.

      Nursing is not a career many boys aspire to, or are encouraged to consider. Only two-fifths of British parents say they would be proud if their son became a nurse. Because of all this, men who go into nursing are usually already closely familiar with the job. Some are following in the career footsteps of their mothers. Others decide that the job would suit them after they see a male nurse care for a relative or they themselves get care from a male nurse when hospitalised. Although many gender stereotypes about jobs and caring have crumbled, nursing has, so far, remained unaffected.

                                              (www.economist.com, 22.08.2018. Adaptado.)

A
qualificação educacional.
B
estabilidade familiar.
C
superação do desemprego.
D
melhores condições profissionais.
E
vida tranquila no campo.
754c0925-51
UNIFESP 2018 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

The excerpt from the first paragraph “In ageing rich countries, demand for nursing care is becoming increasingly insatiable” means that

                                  Why so few nurses are men


                  

      Ask health professionals in any country what the biggest problem in their health-care system is and one of the most common answers is the shortage of nurses. In ageing rich countries, demand for nursing care is becoming increasingly insatiable. Britain’s National Health Service, for example, has 40,000-odd nurse vacancies. Poor countries struggle with the emigration of nurses for greener pastures. One obvious solution seems neglected: recruit more men. Typically, just 5-10% of nurses registered in a given country are men. Why so few?

      Views of nursing as a “woman’s job” have deep roots. Florence Nightingale, who established the principles of modern nursing in the 1860s, insisted that men’s “hard and horny” hands were “not fitted to touch, bathe and dress wounded limbs”. In Britain the Royal College of Nursing, the profession’s union, did not even admit men as members until 1960. Some nursing schools in America started admitting men only in 1982, after a Supreme Court ruling forced them to. Senior nurse titles such as “sister” (a ward manager) and “matron” (which in some countries is used for men as well) do not help matters. Unsurprisingly, some older people do not even know that men can be nurses too. Male nurses often encounter patients who assume they are doctors.

      Another problem is that beliefs about what a nursing job entails are often outdated – in ways that may be particularly off-putting for men. In films, nurses are commonly portrayed as the helpers of heroic male doctors. In fact, nurses do most of their work independently and are the first responders to patients in crisis. To dispel myths, nurse-recruitment campaigns display nursing as a professional job with career progression, specialisms like anaesthetics, cardiology or emergency care, and use for skills related to technology, innovation and leadership. However, attracting men without playing to gender stereotypes can be tricky. “Are you man enough to be a nurse?”, the slogan of an American campaign, was involved in controversy.

      Nursing is not a career many boys aspire to, or are encouraged to consider. Only two-fifths of British parents say they would be proud if their son became a nurse. Because of all this, men who go into nursing are usually already closely familiar with the job. Some are following in the career footsteps of their mothers. Others decide that the job would suit them after they see a male nurse care for a relative or they themselves get care from a male nurse when hospitalised. Although many gender stereotypes about jobs and caring have crumbled, nursing has, so far, remained unaffected.

                                              (www.economist.com, 22.08.2018. Adaptado.)

A
some rich people can pay for private nurses to assist them.
B
most nurses refuse to assist elderly people even when they are well paid.
C
rich countries can afford nursing care for their population in hospitals.
D
the demand for nurses is stable in most ageing rich countries.
E
the older the population in rich countries, the greater the need for nursing care.
75429e58-51
UNIFESP 2018 - Inglês - Vocabulário | Vocabulary

No trecho final do terceiro parágrafo “I lean toward the latter”, a expressão sublinhada refere-se

                                Words that define the presente


At a time when the world is changing more quickly than ever before, we need a new vocabulary to help us grasp what’s happening.


                


      Catfishing. This word would make more sense if it referred to fishing for cats, but in fact, it refers to people who construct false identities online. Whether out of boredom, loneliness or malice, they lure other people into continued messaging correspondence, thereby building false relationships with them (the apparent source of the term “catfish” is a 2010 documentary called Catfish, whose verity, ironically enough, has been questioned).

      There are two ways of looking at this: 1) The internet/ cyberspace is wonderful, because it gives people the freedom to augment or totally change their identities, and this is a marvellous new dawn for human expression, a new step in human evolution. 2) Nah, it’s a false dawn, because the internet is essentially a libertarian arena, and, as such, an amoral one (lots of “freedoms” but with no attendant social obligations); it is a new jungle where we must watch our backs and struggle for survival, surely a backward step in evolution. I lean toward the latter.

                             (Cameron Laux. www.bbc.com, 08.08.2018. Adaptado.)

A
à evolução humana proporcionada pela internet.
B
ao primeiro item numerado no parágrafo.
C
ao segundo item numerado no parágrafo.
D
aos conceitos relacionados à internet e ao ciberespaço.
E
à internet como espaço de liberdade.
7546fd38-51
UNIFESP 2018 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension


The woman

A
regrets that people accept only her internet identity.
B
presents herself in an unreal way on the internet.
C
discovered that her date is catfishing on the internet.
D
wishes to be like someone she met on the internet.
E
fell in love with a fake internet profile.
753aa66b-51
UNIFESP 2018 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

No trecho do segundo parágrafo “they lure other people into continued messaging correspondence”, o termo sublinhado tem sentido, em português, de

                                Words that define the presente


At a time when the world is changing more quickly than ever before, we need a new vocabulary to help us grasp what’s happening.


                


      Catfishing. This word would make more sense if it referred to fishing for cats, but in fact, it refers to people who construct false identities online. Whether out of boredom, loneliness or malice, they lure other people into continued messaging correspondence, thereby building false relationships with them (the apparent source of the term “catfish” is a 2010 documentary called Catfish, whose verity, ironically enough, has been questioned).

      There are two ways of looking at this: 1) The internet/ cyberspace is wonderful, because it gives people the freedom to augment or totally change their identities, and this is a marvellous new dawn for human expression, a new step in human evolution. 2) Nah, it’s a false dawn, because the internet is essentially a libertarian arena, and, as such, an amoral one (lots of “freedoms” but with no attendant social obligations); it is a new jungle where we must watch our backs and struggle for survival, surely a backward step in evolution. I lean toward the latter.

                             (Cameron Laux. www.bbc.com, 08.08.2018. Adaptado.)

A
selecionar.
B
atrair.
C
desprezar.
D
conversar.
E
impressionar.
75367834-51
UNIFESP 2018 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

According to the first paragraph, new words like “catfishing” are necessary because they

                                Words that define the presente


At a time when the world is changing more quickly than ever before, we need a new vocabulary to help us grasp what’s happening.


                


      Catfishing. This word would make more sense if it referred to fishing for cats, but in fact, it refers to people who construct false identities online. Whether out of boredom, loneliness or malice, they lure other people into continued messaging correspondence, thereby building false relationships with them (the apparent source of the term “catfish” is a 2010 documentary called Catfish, whose verity, ironically enough, has been questioned).

      There are two ways of looking at this: 1) The internet/ cyberspace is wonderful, because it gives people the freedom to augment or totally change their identities, and this is a marvellous new dawn for human expression, a new step in human evolution. 2) Nah, it’s a false dawn, because the internet is essentially a libertarian arena, and, as such, an amoral one (lots of “freedoms” but with no attendant social obligations); it is a new jungle where we must watch our backs and struggle for survival, surely a backward step in evolution. I lean toward the latter.

                             (Cameron Laux. www.bbc.com, 08.08.2018. Adaptado.)

A
aid older people who may not understand what young p eople mean.
B
describe a generational conflict between outdated and new manners.
C
prove that new behaviours appear and vanish too quickly.
D
help people to understand transformations in the world.
E
show that language is not supposed to be stagnant.
753e5da3-51
UNIFESP 2018 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

O trecho do terceiro parágrafo “we must watch our backs” significa que devemos

                                Words that define the presente


At a time when the world is changing more quickly than ever before, we need a new vocabulary to help us grasp what’s happening.


                


      Catfishing. This word would make more sense if it referred to fishing for cats, but in fact, it refers to people who construct false identities online. Whether out of boredom, loneliness or malice, they lure other people into continued messaging correspondence, thereby building false relationships with them (the apparent source of the term “catfish” is a 2010 documentary called Catfish, whose verity, ironically enough, has been questioned).

      There are two ways of looking at this: 1) The internet/ cyberspace is wonderful, because it gives people the freedom to augment or totally change their identities, and this is a marvellous new dawn for human expression, a new step in human evolution. 2) Nah, it’s a false dawn, because the internet is essentially a libertarian arena, and, as such, an amoral one (lots of “freedoms” but with no attendant social obligations); it is a new jungle where we must watch our backs and struggle for survival, surely a backward step in evolution. I lean toward the latter.

                             (Cameron Laux. www.bbc.com, 08.08.2018. Adaptado.)

A
enfrentar os desafios de frente.
B
lutar contra as adversidades da vida.
C
prestar atenção para não sermos pegos de surpresa.
D
virar as costas para pessoas desagradáveis.
E
deixar o passado para trás.
75331250-51
UNIFESP 2018 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

De acordo com o texto, o termo catfishing

                                Words that define the presente


At a time when the world is changing more quickly than ever before, we need a new vocabulary to help us grasp what’s happening.


                


      Catfishing. This word would make more sense if it referred to fishing for cats, but in fact, it refers to people who construct false identities online. Whether out of boredom, loneliness or malice, they lure other people into continued messaging correspondence, thereby building false relationships with them (the apparent source of the term “catfish” is a 2010 documentary called Catfish, whose verity, ironically enough, has been questioned).

      There are two ways of looking at this: 1) The internet/ cyberspace is wonderful, because it gives people the freedom to augment or totally change their identities, and this is a marvellous new dawn for human expression, a new step in human evolution. 2) Nah, it’s a false dawn, because the internet is essentially a libertarian arena, and, as such, an amoral one (lots of “freedoms” but with no attendant social obligations); it is a new jungle where we must watch our backs and struggle for survival, surely a backward step in evolution. I lean toward the latter.

                             (Cameron Laux. www.bbc.com, 08.08.2018. Adaptado.)

A
é baseado em um filme com narrativa equivocada.
B
representa um tipo de jogo entre duas identidades fictícias na internet.
C
é atribuído a uma plataforma on-line de relacionamentos na internet.
D
denuncia relacionamentos que estão se tornando essencialmente virtuais.
E
implica interpretações que podem ser positivas ou negativas.
751e2724-51
UNIFESP 2018 - Português - Sintaxe, Concordância verbal, Concordância nominal

A forma verbal destacada deve sua flexão ao termo sublinhado em:

Para responder à questão, leia o trecho do livro Casa-grande e senzala, de Gilberto Freyre.


       Mas a casa-grande patriarcal não foi apenas fortaleza, capela, escola, oficina, santa casa, harém, convento de moças, hospedaria. Desempenhou outra função importante na economia brasileira: foi também banco. Dentro das suas grossas paredes, debaixo dos tijolos ou mosaicos, no chão, enterrava-se dinheiro, guardavam-se joias, ouro, valores. Às vezes guardavam-se joias nas capelas, enfeitando os santos. Daí Nossas Senhoras sobrecarregadas à baiana de teteias, balangandãs, corações, cavalinhos, cachorrinhos e correntes de ouro. Os ladrões, naqueles tempos piedosos, raramente ousavam entrar nas capelas e roubar os santos. É verdade que um roubou o esplendor e outras joias de São Benedito; mas sob o pretexto, ponderável para a época, de que “negro não devia ter luxo”. Com efeito, chegou a proibir-se, nos tempos coloniais, o uso de “ornatos de algum luxo” pelos negros.

      Por segurança e precaução contra os corsários, contra os excessos demagógicos, contra as tendências comunistas dos indígenas e dos africanos, os grandes proprietários, nos seus zelos exagerados de privativismo, enterraram dentro de casa as joias e o ouro do mesmo modo que os mortos queridos. Os dois fortes motivos das casas-grandes acabarem sempre mal-assombradas com cadeiras de balanço se balançando sozinhas sobre tijolos soltos que de manhã ninguém encontra; com barulho de pratos e copos batendo de noite nos aparadores; com almas de senhores de engenho aparecendo aos parentes ou mesmo estranhos pedindo padres-nossos, ave-marias, gemendo lamentações, indicando lugares com botijas de dinheiro. Às vezes dinheiro dos outros, de que os senhores ilicitamente se haviam apoderado. Dinheiro que compadres, viúvas e até escravos lhes tinham entregue para guardar. Sucedeu muita dessa gente ficar sem os seus valores e acabar na miséria devido à esperteza ou à morte súbita do depositário. Houve senhores sem escrúpulos que, aceitando valores para guardar, fingiram-se depois de estranhos e desentendidos: “Você está maluco? Deu-me lá alguma cousa para guardar?”

      Muito dinheiro enterrado sumiu-se misteriosamente. Joaquim Nabuco, criado por sua madrinha na casa-grande de Maçangana, morreu sem saber que destino tomara a ourama para ele reunida pela boa senhora; e provavelmente enterrada em algum desvão de parede. […] Em várias casas-grandes da Bahia, de Olinda, de Pernambuco se têm encontrado, em demolições ou escavações, botijas de dinheiro. Na que foi dos Pires d’Ávila ou Pires de Carvalho, na Bahia, achou-se, num recanto de parede, “verdadeira fortuna em moedas de ouro”. Noutras casas-grandes só se têm desencavado do chão ossos de escravos, justiçados pelos senhores e mandados enterrar no quintal, ou dentro de casa, à revelia das autoridades. Conta-se que o visconde de Suaçuna, na sua casa-grande de Pombal, mandou enterrar no jardim mais de um negro supliciado por ordem de sua justiça patriarcal. Não é de admirar. Eram senhores, os das casas-grandes, que mandavam matar os próprios filhos. Um desses patriarcas, Pedro Vieira, já avô, por descobrir que o filho mantinha relações com a mucama de sua predileção, mandou matá-lo pelo irmão mais velho.

                         (In: Silviano Santiago (coord.). Intérpretes do Brasil, 2000.)

A
Deu-me lá alguma cousa para guardar?” (2° parágrafo)
B
Sucedeu muita dessa gente ficar sem os seus valores e acabar na miséria devido à esperteza ou à morte súbita do depositário.” (2° parágrafo)
C
Desempenhou outra função importante na economia brasileira: foi também banco.” (1° parágrafo)
D
“os grandes proprietários, nos seus zelos exagerados de privativismo, enterraram dentro de casa as joias e o ouro do mesmo modo que os mortos queridos.” (2° parágrafo)
E
“Às vezes dinheiro dos outros, de que os senhores ilicitamente se haviam apoderado.” (2° parágrafo)
752357c7-51
UNIFESP 2018 - Literatura - Modernismo, Escolas Literárias

A verve social da poesia de João Cabral de Melo Neto mostra-se mais evidente nos versos:

A

A cana cortada é uma foice.

Cortada num ângulo agudo,

ganha o gume afiado da foice

que a corta em foice, um dar-se mútuo.

Menino, o gume de uma cana

cortou-me ao quase de cegar-me,

e uma cicatriz, que não guardo,

soube dentro de mim guardar-se.

B

Formas primitivas fecham os olhos

escafandros ocultam luzes frias;

invisíveis na superfície pálpebras

não batem.

Friorentos corremos ao sol gelado

de teu país de mina onde guardas

o alimento a química o enxofre

da noite.

C

No espaço jornal

a sombra come a laranja,

a laranja se atira no rio,

não é um rio, é o mar

que transborda de meu olho.

No espaço jornal

nascendo do relógio

vejo mãos, não palavras,

sonho alta noite a mulher

tenho a mulher e o peixe.

D

Os sonhos cobrem-se de pó.

Um último esforço de concentração

morre no meu peito de homem enforcado.

Tenho no meu quarto manequins corcundas

onde me reproduzo

e me contemplo em silêncio.

E

O mar soprava sinos

os sinos secavam as flores

as flores eram cabeças de santos.

Minha memória cheia de palavras

meus pensamentos procurando fantasmas

meus pesadelos atrasados de muitas noites.

7528dd8f-51
UNIFESP 2018 - Literatura - Modernismo, Escolas Literárias

Para exprimir seu pensamento, este escritor teve de forjar uma língua que é só dele. O leitor que aborda pela primeira vez um de seus livros fica desconcertado com a obscuridade dessa língua. Mas ao mesmo tempo é subjugado, e enfeitiçado, por essa maneira inteiramente nova de dizer as coisas. E pouco a pouco tudo começa a adquirir um sentido, um sentido múltiplo, ambíguo, numa palavra, poético. Seu vocabulário é inteiramente renovado pela prática sistemática do neologismo. Todos os recursos da fonética são explorados.

(Paul Teyssier. Dicionário de literatura brasileira, 2003. Adaptado.)


O texto refere-se ao escritor

A
Guimarães Rosa.
B
Graciliano Ramos.
C
Euclides da Cunha.
D
Machado de Assis.
E
José de Alencar.
752db464-51
UNIFESP 2018 - Literatura - Modernismo: Tendências contemporâneas, Escolas Literárias

Tal movimento artístico floresceu em meados do século XX e baseava-se no imaginário do consumismo e da cultura popular. Foi visto como uma reação ao expressionismo abstrato, pois seus praticantes reintroduziram no repertório plástico imagens figurativas e fizeram uso de temas banais.

(Ian Chilvers (org.). Dicionário Oxford de arte, 2007. Adaptado.)


Uma obra representativa do movimento artístico retratado no texto está reproduzida em:

A


B


C


D


E


751a5f3e-51
UNIFESP 2018 - Português - Morfologia - Verbos, Flexão de voz (ativa, passiva, reflexiva)

Ao se transpor a frase “Às vezes guardavam-se joias nas capelas, enfeitando os santos.” (1° parágrafo) para a voz passiva analítica, o termo sublinhado assume a seguinte forma:

Para responder à questão, leia o trecho do livro Casa-grande e senzala, de Gilberto Freyre.


       Mas a casa-grande patriarcal não foi apenas fortaleza, capela, escola, oficina, santa casa, harém, convento de moças, hospedaria. Desempenhou outra função importante na economia brasileira: foi também banco. Dentro das suas grossas paredes, debaixo dos tijolos ou mosaicos, no chão, enterrava-se dinheiro, guardavam-se joias, ouro, valores. Às vezes guardavam-se joias nas capelas, enfeitando os santos. Daí Nossas Senhoras sobrecarregadas à baiana de teteias, balangandãs, corações, cavalinhos, cachorrinhos e correntes de ouro. Os ladrões, naqueles tempos piedosos, raramente ousavam entrar nas capelas e roubar os santos. É verdade que um roubou o esplendor e outras joias de São Benedito; mas sob o pretexto, ponderável para a época, de que “negro não devia ter luxo”. Com efeito, chegou a proibir-se, nos tempos coloniais, o uso de “ornatos de algum luxo” pelos negros.

      Por segurança e precaução contra os corsários, contra os excessos demagógicos, contra as tendências comunistas dos indígenas e dos africanos, os grandes proprietários, nos seus zelos exagerados de privativismo, enterraram dentro de casa as joias e o ouro do mesmo modo que os mortos queridos. Os dois fortes motivos das casas-grandes acabarem sempre mal-assombradas com cadeiras de balanço se balançando sozinhas sobre tijolos soltos que de manhã ninguém encontra; com barulho de pratos e copos batendo de noite nos aparadores; com almas de senhores de engenho aparecendo aos parentes ou mesmo estranhos pedindo padres-nossos, ave-marias, gemendo lamentações, indicando lugares com botijas de dinheiro. Às vezes dinheiro dos outros, de que os senhores ilicitamente se haviam apoderado. Dinheiro que compadres, viúvas e até escravos lhes tinham entregue para guardar. Sucedeu muita dessa gente ficar sem os seus valores e acabar na miséria devido à esperteza ou à morte súbita do depositário. Houve senhores sem escrúpulos que, aceitando valores para guardar, fingiram-se depois de estranhos e desentendidos: “Você está maluco? Deu-me lá alguma cousa para guardar?”

      Muito dinheiro enterrado sumiu-se misteriosamente. Joaquim Nabuco, criado por sua madrinha na casa-grande de Maçangana, morreu sem saber que destino tomara a ourama para ele reunida pela boa senhora; e provavelmente enterrada em algum desvão de parede. […] Em várias casas-grandes da Bahia, de Olinda, de Pernambuco se têm encontrado, em demolições ou escavações, botijas de dinheiro. Na que foi dos Pires d’Ávila ou Pires de Carvalho, na Bahia, achou-se, num recanto de parede, “verdadeira fortuna em moedas de ouro”. Noutras casas-grandes só se têm desencavado do chão ossos de escravos, justiçados pelos senhores e mandados enterrar no quintal, ou dentro de casa, à revelia das autoridades. Conta-se que o visconde de Suaçuna, na sua casa-grande de Pombal, mandou enterrar no jardim mais de um negro supliciado por ordem de sua justiça patriarcal. Não é de admirar. Eram senhores, os das casas-grandes, que mandavam matar os próprios filhos. Um desses patriarcas, Pedro Vieira, já avô, por descobrir que o filho mantinha relações com a mucama de sua predileção, mandou matá-lo pelo irmão mais velho.

                         (In: Silviano Santiago (coord.). Intérpretes do Brasil, 2000.)

A
seriam guardadas.
B
fossem guardadas.
C
foram guardadas.
D
eram guardadas.
E
são guardadas.