Questõesde USP sobre Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

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Foram encontradas 73 questões
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USP 2021 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Considerado o contexto, os quatro elementos associados à prevenção dos fatbergs têm em comum o fato de  

    


        Fatbergs are a growing scourge infesting cities around the world— some are more than 800 feet long and weigh more than four humpback whales. These gross globs, which can cause sewer systems to block up and even overflow, have been plaguing the U.S., Great Britain and Australia for the past decade, forcing governments and utilities companies to send workers down into the sewers armed with water hoses, vacuums and scrapers with the unenviable task of prying them loose.  

        "It is hard not to think of [fatbergs] as a tangible symbol of the way we live now, the ultimate product of our disposable, out of sight, out of mind culture," wrote journalist Tim Adams in The Guardian. 

        At their core, fatbergs are the accumulation of oil and grease that's been poured down the drain, congealing around flushed nonbiological waste like tampons, condoms and baby wipes. When fat sticks to the side of sewage pipes, the wipes and other detritus get stuck, accumulating layer upon layer of gunk in a sort of slimy snowball effect. 

        Fatbergs also collect other kinds of debris—London fatbergs have been cracked open to reveal pens, false teeth and even watches. 

        Restaurants are a big contributor to fatbergs: Thames Water, the London utilities company, found nine out of 10 fast-food eateries lacked adequate grease traps to stop fat from entering the sewers. Homeowners also contribute to the problem by pouring grease and fat down the sink. 

        Even though its component materials are soft, fatbergs themselves can be tough as rocks. Researchers have found a host of dangerous bacteria in fatbergs, including listeria and e.coli. 

        Fatbergs are notorious for their fetid smell, which can make even the hardiest sewer workers gag, and chipping away at one can release noxious gases. 

        The key to fatberg prevention is remembering the four Ps: Pee, poo, puke and (toilet) paper are the only things that should be flushed. 

Newsweek, 14 March, 2019. Adaptado.

A
conterem pouca gordura.
B
ocorrerem em quantidade reduzida.
C
serem considerados matéria orgânica.
D
terem sua frequência controlada.
E
estarem livres de bactérias.
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USP 2021 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension


Considerando os elementos visuais e verbais da figura, é possível interpretar a fala da mulher como 

A
sinal da sua insatisfação com o local escolhido para o encontro.
B
sentimento de inferioridade, por não possuir um telefone celular.
C
constatação de que relações pessoais acarretam exclusão das redes sociais.
D
resposta aos apelos pela troca equitativa de informações.
E
expressão sarcástica em protesto pela ausência de interlocução.
d891983d-73
USP 2021 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Segundo o texto, uma das soluções encontradas pelos donos de restaurante para amenizar os problemas com os serviços de entrega é 

        If you take a look at my smartphone, you’ll know that I like to order out. But am I helping the small local businesses? You would think that if you own a restaurant you’d be thrilled to have an outsourced service that would take care of your delivery operations while leveraging their marketing might to expand your businesses’ brand. However, restaurant owners have complained of lack of quality control once their food goes out the door. They don’t like that the delivery people are the face of their product when it gets into the customer’s hand. Some of the delivery services have been accused of listing restaurants on their apps without the owners’ permission, and oftentimes publish menu items and prices that are incorrect or out of date.

        But there is another reason why restaurant owners aren’t fond of delivery services. It’s the costs, which, for some, are becoming unsustainable. Even with the increased revenues from the delivery services, the fees wind up killing a restaurant’s margins to the extent that it’s at best marginally profitable. Therefore, some restaurants are pushing harder to drive orders from their own websites and offering special deals for customers that use their in-house delivery people.

        The simple fact is that these delivery apps are here to stay. They are enormously popular and have significantly grown. I believe that restaurant owners that resist these apps are hurting their brands by missing out on potential customers. The good news is that the delivery platforms are not as evil as some would portray them. They have some skin in the game. They are competing against other services. They want their listed restaurants to profit. Maybe instead of fighting, the nation’s restaurant industry needs to proactively embrace the delivery service industry and figure out ways to profitably work together.

The Guardian. 02 December, 2020. Adaptado.

A
o contato telefônico com clientes para ouvir comentários e reclamações.
B
a verificação constante das páginas dos aplicativos para evitar erros e imprecisões.
C
o oferecimento de vantagens para clientes que usam os serviços de entrega do próprio restaurante. 
D
a listagem de seus restaurantes em diversos aplicativos para encorajar a competição entre eles.
E
a disseminação, junto aos clientes, de uma imagem relativa aos serviços de aplicativos como incompetentes. 
d885c369-73
USP 2021 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

O texto informa que, na opinião do jornalista Tim Adams, os fatbergs

    


        Fatbergs are a growing scourge infesting cities around the world— some are more than 800 feet long and weigh more than four humpback whales. These gross globs, which can cause sewer systems to block up and even overflow, have been plaguing the U.S., Great Britain and Australia for the past decade, forcing governments and utilities companies to send workers down into the sewers armed with water hoses, vacuums and scrapers with the unenviable task of prying them loose.  

        "It is hard not to think of [fatbergs] as a tangible symbol of the way we live now, the ultimate product of our disposable, out of sight, out of mind culture," wrote journalist Tim Adams in The Guardian. 

        At their core, fatbergs are the accumulation of oil and grease that's been poured down the drain, congealing around flushed nonbiological waste like tampons, condoms and baby wipes. When fat sticks to the side of sewage pipes, the wipes and other detritus get stuck, accumulating layer upon layer of gunk in a sort of slimy snowball effect. 

        Fatbergs also collect other kinds of debris—London fatbergs have been cracked open to reveal pens, false teeth and even watches. 

        Restaurants are a big contributor to fatbergs: Thames Water, the London utilities company, found nine out of 10 fast-food eateries lacked adequate grease traps to stop fat from entering the sewers. Homeowners also contribute to the problem by pouring grease and fat down the sink. 

        Even though its component materials are soft, fatbergs themselves can be tough as rocks. Researchers have found a host of dangerous bacteria in fatbergs, including listeria and e.coli. 

        Fatbergs are notorious for their fetid smell, which can make even the hardiest sewer workers gag, and chipping away at one can release noxious gases. 

        The key to fatberg prevention is remembering the four Ps: Pee, poo, puke and (toilet) paper are the only things that should be flushed. 

Newsweek, 14 March, 2019. Adaptado.

A
integram a paisagem londrina, causando impacto em razão de suas dimensões.
B
constituem representação real dos hábitos humanos atuais.
C
simbolizam aspectos culturais submetidos a análises racionais.
D
desafiam o repertório tecnológico da engenharia de águas.
E
demonstram incentivo para que moradores consolidem seus costumes.
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USP 2021 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

De acordo com o texto, o processo de bloqueio do fluxo de esgoto, provocado pelos fatbergs, ocorre 

    


        Fatbergs are a growing scourge infesting cities around the world— some are more than 800 feet long and weigh more than four humpback whales. These gross globs, which can cause sewer systems to block up and even overflow, have been plaguing the U.S., Great Britain and Australia for the past decade, forcing governments and utilities companies to send workers down into the sewers armed with water hoses, vacuums and scrapers with the unenviable task of prying them loose.  

        "It is hard not to think of [fatbergs] as a tangible symbol of the way we live now, the ultimate product of our disposable, out of sight, out of mind culture," wrote journalist Tim Adams in The Guardian. 

        At their core, fatbergs are the accumulation of oil and grease that's been poured down the drain, congealing around flushed nonbiological waste like tampons, condoms and baby wipes. When fat sticks to the side of sewage pipes, the wipes and other detritus get stuck, accumulating layer upon layer of gunk in a sort of slimy snowball effect. 

        Fatbergs also collect other kinds of debris—London fatbergs have been cracked open to reveal pens, false teeth and even watches. 

        Restaurants are a big contributor to fatbergs: Thames Water, the London utilities company, found nine out of 10 fast-food eateries lacked adequate grease traps to stop fat from entering the sewers. Homeowners also contribute to the problem by pouring grease and fat down the sink. 

        Even though its component materials are soft, fatbergs themselves can be tough as rocks. Researchers have found a host of dangerous bacteria in fatbergs, including listeria and e.coli. 

        Fatbergs are notorious for their fetid smell, which can make even the hardiest sewer workers gag, and chipping away at one can release noxious gases. 

        The key to fatberg prevention is remembering the four Ps: Pee, poo, puke and (toilet) paper are the only things that should be flushed. 

Newsweek, 14 March, 2019. Adaptado.

A
por falha no sistema de limpeza das galerias a cargo das prefeituras.
B
por conta do diâmetro estreito dos canos antigos.
C
pela solidificação da água na tubulação, em virtude das baixas temperaturas.
D
pela aderência da gordura e outros detritos nas laterais da tubulação.
E
pelo descolamento de placas de concreto dentro da rede de abastecimento de água.
d88e8817-73
USP 2021 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

De acordo com o texto, para os proprietários de restaurante, a principal vantagem dos aplicativos de entrega de comida é que eles  

        If you take a look at my smartphone, you’ll know that I like to order out. But am I helping the small local businesses? You would think that if you own a restaurant you’d be thrilled to have an outsourced service that would take care of your delivery operations while leveraging their marketing might to expand your businesses’ brand. However, restaurant owners have complained of lack of quality control once their food goes out the door. They don’t like that the delivery people are the face of their product when it gets into the customer’s hand. Some of the delivery services have been accused of listing restaurants on their apps without the owners’ permission, and oftentimes publish menu items and prices that are incorrect or out of date.

        But there is another reason why restaurant owners aren’t fond of delivery services. It’s the costs, which, for some, are becoming unsustainable. Even with the increased revenues from the delivery services, the fees wind up killing a restaurant’s margins to the extent that it’s at best marginally profitable. Therefore, some restaurants are pushing harder to drive orders from their own websites and offering special deals for customers that use their in-house delivery people.

        The simple fact is that these delivery apps are here to stay. They are enormously popular and have significantly grown. I believe that restaurant owners that resist these apps are hurting their brands by missing out on potential customers. The good news is that the delivery platforms are not as evil as some would portray them. They have some skin in the game. They are competing against other services. They want their listed restaurants to profit. Maybe instead of fighting, the nation’s restaurant industry needs to proactively embrace the delivery service industry and figure out ways to profitably work together.

The Guardian. 02 December, 2020. Adaptado.

A
procuram oferecer taxas atraentes para a utilização de sua tecnologia.
B
demonstram preocupação crescente com a qualidade do serviço que oferecem.
C
melhoram a avaliação dos restaurantes pela imprensa especializada.
D
garantem que suas listas de restaurantes e menus sejam atualizadas de modo criterioso. 
E
possuem uma estrutura de marketing que possibilita expansão do círculo de clientes.
d896e09e-73
USP 2021 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Lying, thinking

Last night

How to find my soul a home

Where water is not thirsty

And bread loaf is not stone

I came up with one thing

And I don't believe I'm wrong

That nobody,

But nobody

Can make it out here alone

                        Alone - Maya Angelou


Os versos do poema 

A
afirmam os sentimentos de autonomia e autossuficiência.
B
mostram a derrota diante das dificuldades.
C
expressam o resultado das reflexões feitas.
D
indicam a distância intransponível entre amigos.
E
mostram arrependimento em relação às decisões do passado.
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USP 2021 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

No texto, a referência a um jardim de verão ao entardecer, repleto de vagalumes, sugere que, para os adolescentes, as mídias sociais

    I knew TikTok existed, but I didn't fully understand what it was until a few months ago. I also realized that something radical, yet largely invisible, is happening on the internet - with implications we still don't understand.

    When I was growing up, I took it for granted that the people who became famous enough to be listened to by a crowd had worked hard for that accolade and generally operated with the support of an institution or an established industry.

    The idea that I, as a teenager in my bedroom, might suddenly communicate with 100,000 people or more, would have seemed bizarre.

    Today's kids no longer see life in these hierarchical and institutional terms. Yes, their physical worlds are often constrained by parental controls, a lack of access to the outdoors and insane over-scheduling.

    But despite that (or, more accurately, in reaction to that), they see the internet as a constantly evolving frontier, where it is still possible for a bold and lucky pioneer to grab some land or find a voice. Most voices on the internet never travel beyond a relatively small network, and much of the content that goes viral on platforms such as TikTok, YouTube or Instagram does so because of unseen institutions at work (for example, a public relations team aiming to boost a celebrity's profile).

    Fame can suddenly appear - and then just as suddenly be taken away again, because the audience gets bored, the platform's algorithms change or the cultural trend that a breakout video has tapped into goes out of fashion.

    For a teenager, social media can seem like a summer garden at dusk filled with fireflies: spots of lights suddenly flare up and then die down, moving in an unpredictable, capricious display.

    Is this a bad thing? We will not know for several years.

Financial Times. 5 February 2020. Adaptado. 

A
são fonte de pressão e tensão na família.
B
favorecem a comunicação dos mais tímidos.
C
são pautadas por certa imprevisibilidade.
D
garantem a funcionalidade de grupos.
E
promovem igualdade de expressão.
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USP 2021 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Leia os provérbios:


1. Don't count your chickens before they lay eggs.

2. Don't bite the hand that feeds you.

3. Every cloud has a silver lining.


A alternativa que melhor expressa a ideia contida em cada um dos três provérbios, na ordem em que aparecem, é:

A
Esperteza; desconfiança; foco.
B
Precipitação; ingratidão; esperança.
C
Observação; certeza; experiência.
D
Exagero; harmonia; desaprovação.
E
Orgulho; desprezo; teimosia.
df240276-7b
USP 2021 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

I ain't gonna work on Maggie's farm no more

I ain't gonna work on Maggie's farm no more

Well, I wake up in the morning

Fold my hands and pray for rain

I got a head full of ideas

That are drivin' me insane

It's a shame the way she makes me scrub the floor

I ain't gonna work on Maggie's farm no more


I ain't gonna work for Maggie's brother no more

I ain't gonna work for Maggie's brother no more

Well, he hands you a nickel

He hands you a dime

He asks you with a grin

If you're havin' a good time

Then he fines you every time you slam the door

I ain't gonna work for Maggie's brother no more


I ain't gonna work for Maggie's pa no more

No, I ain't gonna work for Maggie's pa no more

Well, he puts his cigar out in your face just for kicks

His bedroom window it is made out of bricks

The National Guard stands around his door

Ah, I ain't gonna work for Maggie's pa no more, alright

Bob Dylan, "Maggie's Farm", do álbum Bringing it all back home, 1965.


Nestas estrofes, o conjunto de cenas descritas mostra que a principal dificuldade experimentada pela pessoa cuja história é contada na letra da música refere-se

A
ao relacionamento difícil com familiares e amigos.
B
à falta de criatividade diante das exigências do trabalho.
C
às restrições impostas a sua liberdade e expressão pessoal.
D
à competição por salários mais altos com colegas de trabalho.
E
às dificuldades de viver fora de um grande centro urbano.
df1b57ca-7b
USP 2021 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Conforme o texto, um critério tradicionalmente utilizado por astrônomos para avaliar estrelas envolve

A
verificar se sua composição se assemelha à do Sol.
B
selecionar galáxias compostas por estrelas padrão.
C
calcular níveis de radiação estelar e de energia gravitacional.
D
medir a densidade e grau de opacidade de nêutrons.
E
testar a circulação atmosférica em torno dos astros.
df1e262a-7b
USP 2021 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Conforme o texto, um aspecto associado ao caráter efêmero da popularidade de um usuário da internet, relativo ao uso de plataformas como TikTok, é

    I knew TikTok existed, but I didn't fully understand what it was until a few months ago. I also realized that something radical, yet largely invisible, is happening on the internet - with implications we still don't understand.

    When I was growing up, I took it for granted that the people who became famous enough to be listened to by a crowd had worked hard for that accolade and generally operated with the support of an institution or an established industry.

    The idea that I, as a teenager in my bedroom, might suddenly communicate with 100,000 people or more, would have seemed bizarre.

    Today's kids no longer see life in these hierarchical and institutional terms. Yes, their physical worlds are often constrained by parental controls, a lack of access to the outdoors and insane over-scheduling.

    But despite that (or, more accurately, in reaction to that), they see the internet as a constantly evolving frontier, where it is still possible for a bold and lucky pioneer to grab some land or find a voice. Most voices on the internet never travel beyond a relatively small network, and much of the content that goes viral on platforms such as TikTok, YouTube or Instagram does so because of unseen institutions at work (for example, a public relations team aiming to boost a celebrity's profile).

    Fame can suddenly appear - and then just as suddenly be taken away again, because the audience gets bored, the platform's algorithms change or the cultural trend that a breakout video has tapped into goes out of fashion.

    For a teenager, social media can seem like a summer garden at dusk filled with fireflies: spots of lights suddenly flare up and then die down, moving in an unpredictable, capricious display.

    Is this a bad thing? We will not know for several years.

Financial Times. 5 February 2020. Adaptado. 

A
a falta de conhecimento técnico dos adolescentes para o manejo de hardware.
B
a perda de interesse do público pelas publicações até então atrativas.
C
a competição entre usuários com atitudes pouco éticas.
D
a variedade limitada dos vídeos postados, em razão do tratamento precário das imagens.
E
a alta capacidade dos vídeos para viralizar entre grupos com interesses conflitantes.
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USP 2021 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Segundo o texto, conhecer a composição de elementos químicos que constituem as estrelas é fundamental, pois ela, entre outros aspectos,

A
fornece evidências da ligação entre as idades das estrelas.
B
sugere a existência de planetas rochosos formados por elementos pesados.
C
influencia na possibilidade de presença de vida em outros locais do universo.
D
determina condições cosmológicas da evolução de aglomerados estelares.
E
possibilita a síntese de moléculas em nuvens de gás e poeira cósmica.
df186798-7b
USP 2021 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

No texto, o astrofísico Martin Asplund emprega a frase "The sun is a fundamental yardstick" (L. 15), por considerar o Sol

A
um mistério.
B
uma estrutura.
C
um processo.
D
um sistema.
E
um parâmetro.
0d75e823-99
USP 2019 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Harlem

What happens to a dream deferred?

Does it dry up
like a raisin in the sun?
Or fester like a sore —
And then run?
Does it stink like rotten meat?
Or crust and sugar over —
like a syrupy sweet?

Maybe it just sags
like a heavy load.

Or does it explode?

Langston Hughes, Selected Poems of Langston Hughes (1990).
Disponível em http://www.poetryfoundation.org/.

As tentativas de resposta do poeta à pergunta “What happens to a dream deferred?” evocam imagens de

A
animosidade e revolta.
B
remorso e compaixão.
C
deterioração e destruição.
D
empatia e complacência.
E
aprisionamento e passividade.
0d7020e5-99
USP 2019 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Conforme o texto, cientistas preveem que, em pouco mais de 20 anos,

TEXTO PARA A QUESTÃO

    Scientists have long touted DNA’s potential as an ideal storage medium; it’s dense, easy to replicate, and stable over millennia. But in order to replace existing silicon‐chip or magnetic‐tape storage technologies, DNA will have to get a lot cheaper to predictably read, write, and package.
    That’s where scientists like Hyunjun Park come in. He and the other cofounders of Catalog, an MIT DNA‐storage spinoff emerging out of stealth on Tuesday, are building a machine that will write a terabyte of data a day, using 500 trillion molecules of DNA.  
    If successful, DNA storage could be the answer to a uniquely 21st‐century problem: information overload. Five years ago humans had produced 4.4 zettabytes of data; that's set to explode to 160 zettabytes (each year!) by 2025. Current infrastructure can handle only a fraction of the coming data deluge, which is expected to consume all the world's microchip‐grade silicon by 2040.
    “Today’s technology is already close to the physical limits of scaling,” says Victor Zhirnov, chief scientist of the Semiconductor Research Corporation. “DNA has an information‐storage density several orders of magnitude higher than any other known storage technology.”
    How dense exactly? Imagine formatting every movie ever made into DNA; it would be smaller than the size of a sugar cube. And it would last for 10,000 years.
Wired, June, 2018. Disponível em https://www.wired.com/. Adaptado.
A
a geração de dados pela humanidade chegará à marca de 160 zettabytes.
B
a armazenagem de todos os dados produzidos esgotará o estoque mundial de microchips de silício.
C
a densidade das moléculas de DNA terá aumentado exponencialmente.
D
o custo para gravação de dados digitais será maior que hoje.
E
as novas tecnologias de informação serão bem mais duradouras que as atuais.
0d6c4f98-99
USP 2019 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Afirma‐se no texto que, no futuro, a tecnologia de gravação em moléculas de DNA

TEXTO PARA A QUESTÃO

    Scientists have long touted DNA’s potential as an ideal storage medium; it’s dense, easy to replicate, and stable over millennia. But in order to replace existing silicon‐chip or magnetic‐tape storage technologies, DNA will have to get a lot cheaper to predictably read, write, and package.
    That’s where scientists like Hyunjun Park come in. He and the other cofounders of Catalog, an MIT DNA‐storage spinoff emerging out of stealth on Tuesday, are building a machine that will write a terabyte of data a day, using 500 trillion molecules of DNA.  
    If successful, DNA storage could be the answer to a uniquely 21st‐century problem: information overload. Five years ago humans had produced 4.4 zettabytes of data; that's set to explode to 160 zettabytes (each year!) by 2025. Current infrastructure can handle only a fraction of the coming data deluge, which is expected to consume all the world's microchip‐grade silicon by 2040.
    “Today’s technology is already close to the physical limits of scaling,” says Victor Zhirnov, chief scientist of the Semiconductor Research Corporation. “DNA has an information‐storage density several orders of magnitude higher than any other known storage technology.”
    How dense exactly? Imagine formatting every movie ever made into DNA; it would be smaller than the size of a sugar cube. And it would last for 10,000 years.
Wired, June, 2018. Disponível em https://www.wired.com/. Adaptado.
A
será utilizada para sequenciar trilhões de moléculas destinadas à pesquisa médica.
B
deverá ter seu uso expandido no campo da genética e áreas afins.
C
continuará sendo inviável comparada a tecnologias convencionais.
D
terá de ser adaptada para o propósito de ler, codificar e guardar dados.
E
poderá ser a solução para o problema de espaço de armazenamento de informação digital.
0d64f6c1-99
USP 2019 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

De acordo com o texto, na opinião de Saniye Gülser Corat, tecnologias que envolvem Inteligência Artificial, entre outros aspectos,

TEXTO PARA A QUESTÃO

    Assigning female genders to digital assistants such as Apple’s Siri and Amazon’s Alexa is helping entrench harmful gender biases, according to a UN agency.
    Research released by Unesco claims that the often submissive and flirty responses offered by the systemsto many queries – including outright abusive ones – reinforce ideas of women as subservient.
    “Because the speech of most voice assistants is female, it sends a signal that women are obliging, docile and eager‐to‐ please helpers, available at the touch of a button or with a blunt voice command like ‘hey’ or ‘OK’”, the report said.
    “The assistant holds no power of agency beyond what the commander asks of it. It honours commands and responds to queries regardless of their tone or hostility. In many communities, this reinforces commonly held gender biases that women are subservient and tolerant of poor treatment.”
    The Unesco publication was entitled “I’d Blush if I Could”; a reference to the response Apple’s Siri assistant offers to the phrase: “You’re a slut.” Amazon’s Alexa will respond: “Well, thanks for the feedback.”
    The paper said such firms were “staffed by overwhelmingly male engineering teams” and have built AI (Artificial Intelligence) systems that “cause their feminised digital assistants to greet verbal abuse with catch‐me‐if‐you‐can flirtation”.
    Saniye Gülser Corat, Unesco’s director for gender equality, said: “The world needs to pay much closer attention to how, when and whether AI technologies are gendered and, crucially, who is gendering them.”
The Guardian, May, 2019. Adaptado.
A
são desenvolvidas segundo normas prescritas em convenções internacionais.
B
devem ser monitoradas por empresas multinacionais geridas por mulheres.
C
funcionam melhor quando associadas a dispositivos sincronizados em escala mundial.
D
dependem de atualização constante para garantia de desempenho satisfatório.
E
requerem avaliação ampla, quanto à possível presença de elementos tendenciosos em sua concepção.
0d608a3b-99
USP 2019 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Segundo o texto, o título do relatório publicado pela Unesco ‐ “I´d Blush if I Could” ‐, no que diz respeito aos assistentes digitais, indica

TEXTO PARA A QUESTÃO

    Assigning female genders to digital assistants such as Apple’s Siri and Amazon’s Alexa is helping entrench harmful gender biases, according to a UN agency.
    Research released by Unesco claims that the often submissive and flirty responses offered by the systemsto many queries – including outright abusive ones – reinforce ideas of women as subservient.
    “Because the speech of most voice assistants is female, it sends a signal that women are obliging, docile and eager‐to‐ please helpers, available at the touch of a button or with a blunt voice command like ‘hey’ or ‘OK’”, the report said.
    “The assistant holds no power of agency beyond what the commander asks of it. It honours commands and responds to queries regardless of their tone or hostility. In many communities, this reinforces commonly held gender biases that women are subservient and tolerant of poor treatment.”
    The Unesco publication was entitled “I’d Blush if I Could”; a reference to the response Apple’s Siri assistant offers to the phrase: “You’re a slut.” Amazon’s Alexa will respond: “Well, thanks for the feedback.”
    The paper said such firms were “staffed by overwhelmingly male engineering teams” and have built AI (Artificial Intelligence) systems that “cause their feminised digital assistants to greet verbal abuse with catch‐me‐if‐you‐can flirtation”.
    Saniye Gülser Corat, Unesco’s director for gender equality, said: “The world needs to pay much closer attention to how, when and whether AI technologies are gendered and, crucially, who is gendering them.”
The Guardian, May, 2019. Adaptado.
A
resposta padrão para comandos que incluem impropérios.
B
capacidade tecnológica para selecionar temas sensíveis ao grande público.
C
preocupação dos fabricantes de dispositivos eletrônicos com usuários conservadores.
D
perda de controle das formas de interação entre seres humanos e máquinas.
E
necessidade de elaboração de sistemas integrados de reconhecimento de voz.
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USP 2019 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

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O efeito de comicidade que se obtém do meme decorre, sobretudo, da

A
repetição da palavra “never”.
B
ambiguidade gerada pela expressão “buy her flowers”.
C
asserção “your wife says”.
D
contradição presente na frase “To be honest”.
E
pergunta “is that true?”.