Questõesde UNIFESP

1
Foram encontradas 779 questões
08db2851-da
UNIFESP 2016, UNIFESP 2016 - Português - Análise sintática, Sintaxe

Em “Podemos [...] elevar à perfeição o tipo de civilização que representamos” (1° parágrafo), o termo em destaque exerce a mesma função sintática do trecho destacado em:

Leia o trecho inicial de Raízes do Brasil, do historiador brasileiro Sérgio Buarque de Holanda (1902-1982), para responder à questão.

    A tentativa de implantação da cultura europeia em extenso território, dotado de condições naturais, se não adversas, largamente estranhas à sua tradição milenar, é, nas origens da sociedade brasileira, o fato dominante e mais rico em consequências. Trazendo de países distantes nossas formas de convívio, nossas instituições, nossas ideias, e timbrando em manter tudo isso em ambiente muitas vezes desfavorável e hostil, somos ainda hoje uns desterrados em nossa terra. Podemos construir obras excelentes, enriquecer nossa humanidade de aspectos novos e imprevistos, elevar à perfeição o tipo de civilização que representamos: o certo é que todo o fruto de nosso trabalho ou de nossa preguiça parece participar de um sistema de evolução próprio de outro clima e de outra paisagem.
    Assim, antes de perguntar até que ponto poderá alcançar bom êxito a tentativa, caberia averiguar até onde temos podido representar aquelas formas de convívio, instituições e ideias de que somos herdeiros.
    É significativa, em primeiro lugar, a circunstância de termos recebido a herança através de uma nação ibérica. A Espanha e Portugal são, com a Rússia e os países balcânicos (e em certo sentido também a Inglaterra), um dos territórios- -ponte pelos quais a Europa se comunica com os outros mundos. Assim, eles constituem uma zona fronteiriça, de transição, menos carregada, em alguns casos, desse europeísmo que, não obstante, mantêm como um patrimônio necessário.
    Foi a partir da época dos grandes descobrimentos marítimos que os dois países entraram mais decididamente no coro europeu. Esse ingresso tardio deveria repercutir intensamente em seus destinos, determinando muitos aspectos peculiares de sua história e de sua formação espiritual. Surgiu, assim, um tipo de sociedade que se desenvolveria, em alguns sentidos, quase à margem das congêneres europeias, e sem delas receber qualquer incitamento que já não trouxesse em germe.
    Quais os fundamentos em que assentam de preferência as formas de vida social nessa região indecisa entre a Europa e a África, que se estende dos Pireneus a Gibraltar? Como explicar muitas daquelas formas, sem recorrer a indicações mais ou menos vagas e que jamais nos conduziriam a uma estrita objetividade?
    Precisamente a comparação entre elas e as da Europa de além-Pireneus faz ressaltar uma característica bem peculiar à gente da península Ibérica, uma característica que ela está longe de partilhar, pelo menos na mesma intensidade, com qualquer de seus vizinhos do continente. É que nenhum desses vizinhos soube desenvolver a tal extremo essa cultura da personalidade, que parece constituir o traço mais decisivo na evolução da gente hispânica, desde tempos imemoriais. Pode dizer-se, realmente, que pela importância particular que atribuem ao valor próprio da pessoa humana, à autonomia de cada um dos homens em relação aos semelhantes no tempo e no espaço, devem os espanhóis e portugueses muito de sua originalidade nacional. [...]
    É dela que resulta largamente a singular tibieza das formas de organização, de todas as associações que impliquem solidariedade e ordenação entre esses povos. Em terra onde todos são barões não é possível acordo coletivo durável, a não ser por uma força exterior respeitável e temida.

(Raízes do Brasil, 2000.)

A
“[...] todo o fruto de nosso trabalho ou de nossa preguiça parece participar de um sistema de evolução próprio de outro clima e de outra paisagem.” (1° parágrafo)
B
Esse ingresso tardio deveria repercutir intensamente em seus destinos [...].” (4° parágrafo)
C
“[...] somos ainda hoje uns desterrados em nossa terra.” (1° parágrafo)
D
“É significativa, em primeiro lugar, a circunstância de termos recebido a herança através de uma nação ibérica.” (3° parágrafo)
E
“Assim, antes de perguntar até que ponto poderá alcançar bom êxito a tentativa [...].” (2° parágrafo)
08d82465-da
UNIFESP 2016, UNIFESP 2016 - Português - Interpretação de Textos, Figuras de Linguagem, Noções Gerais de Compreensão e Interpretação de Texto

No primeiro parágrafo, o autor recorre a uma construção paradoxal em:

Leia o trecho inicial de Raízes do Brasil, do historiador brasileiro Sérgio Buarque de Holanda (1902-1982), para responder à questão.

    A tentativa de implantação da cultura europeia em extenso território, dotado de condições naturais, se não adversas, largamente estranhas à sua tradição milenar, é, nas origens da sociedade brasileira, o fato dominante e mais rico em consequências. Trazendo de países distantes nossas formas de convívio, nossas instituições, nossas ideias, e timbrando em manter tudo isso em ambiente muitas vezes desfavorável e hostil, somos ainda hoje uns desterrados em nossa terra. Podemos construir obras excelentes, enriquecer nossa humanidade de aspectos novos e imprevistos, elevar à perfeição o tipo de civilização que representamos: o certo é que todo o fruto de nosso trabalho ou de nossa preguiça parece participar de um sistema de evolução próprio de outro clima e de outra paisagem.
    Assim, antes de perguntar até que ponto poderá alcançar bom êxito a tentativa, caberia averiguar até onde temos podido representar aquelas formas de convívio, instituições e ideias de que somos herdeiros.
    É significativa, em primeiro lugar, a circunstância de termos recebido a herança através de uma nação ibérica. A Espanha e Portugal são, com a Rússia e os países balcânicos (e em certo sentido também a Inglaterra), um dos territórios- -ponte pelos quais a Europa se comunica com os outros mundos. Assim, eles constituem uma zona fronteiriça, de transição, menos carregada, em alguns casos, desse europeísmo que, não obstante, mantêm como um patrimônio necessário.
    Foi a partir da época dos grandes descobrimentos marítimos que os dois países entraram mais decididamente no coro europeu. Esse ingresso tardio deveria repercutir intensamente em seus destinos, determinando muitos aspectos peculiares de sua história e de sua formação espiritual. Surgiu, assim, um tipo de sociedade que se desenvolveria, em alguns sentidos, quase à margem das congêneres europeias, e sem delas receber qualquer incitamento que já não trouxesse em germe.
    Quais os fundamentos em que assentam de preferência as formas de vida social nessa região indecisa entre a Europa e a África, que se estende dos Pireneus a Gibraltar? Como explicar muitas daquelas formas, sem recorrer a indicações mais ou menos vagas e que jamais nos conduziriam a uma estrita objetividade?
    Precisamente a comparação entre elas e as da Europa de além-Pireneus faz ressaltar uma característica bem peculiar à gente da península Ibérica, uma característica que ela está longe de partilhar, pelo menos na mesma intensidade, com qualquer de seus vizinhos do continente. É que nenhum desses vizinhos soube desenvolver a tal extremo essa cultura da personalidade, que parece constituir o traço mais decisivo na evolução da gente hispânica, desde tempos imemoriais. Pode dizer-se, realmente, que pela importância particular que atribuem ao valor próprio da pessoa humana, à autonomia de cada um dos homens em relação aos semelhantes no tempo e no espaço, devem os espanhóis e portugueses muito de sua originalidade nacional. [...]
    É dela que resulta largamente a singular tibieza das formas de organização, de todas as associações que impliquem solidariedade e ordenação entre esses povos. Em terra onde todos são barões não é possível acordo coletivo durável, a não ser por uma força exterior respeitável e temida.

(Raízes do Brasil, 2000.)

A
“condições naturais, se não adversas, largamente estranhas à sua tradição milenar”.
B
“somos ainda hoje uns desterrados em nossa terra”.
C
“timbrando em manter tudo isso em ambiente muitas vezes desfavorável e hostil”.
D
“enriquecer nossa humanidade de aspectos novos e imprevistos”.
E
“o fato dominante e mais rico em consequências”.
08e272fe-da
UNIFESP 2016, UNIFESP 2016 - Português - Uso dos conectivos, Sintaxe

Em “Assim, eles constituem uma zona fronteiriça, de transição, menos carregada, em alguns casos, desse europeísmo que, não obstante, mantêm como um patrimônio necessário.” (3o parágrafo), a expressão destacada pode ser substituída, sem prejuízo para o sentido do texto, por

Leia o trecho inicial de Raízes do Brasil, do historiador brasileiro Sérgio Buarque de Holanda (1902-1982), para responder à questão.

    A tentativa de implantação da cultura europeia em extenso território, dotado de condições naturais, se não adversas, largamente estranhas à sua tradição milenar, é, nas origens da sociedade brasileira, o fato dominante e mais rico em consequências. Trazendo de países distantes nossas formas de convívio, nossas instituições, nossas ideias, e timbrando em manter tudo isso em ambiente muitas vezes desfavorável e hostil, somos ainda hoje uns desterrados em nossa terra. Podemos construir obras excelentes, enriquecer nossa humanidade de aspectos novos e imprevistos, elevar à perfeição o tipo de civilização que representamos: o certo é que todo o fruto de nosso trabalho ou de nossa preguiça parece participar de um sistema de evolução próprio de outro clima e de outra paisagem.
    Assim, antes de perguntar até que ponto poderá alcançar bom êxito a tentativa, caberia averiguar até onde temos podido representar aquelas formas de convívio, instituições e ideias de que somos herdeiros.
    É significativa, em primeiro lugar, a circunstância de termos recebido a herança através de uma nação ibérica. A Espanha e Portugal são, com a Rússia e os países balcânicos (e em certo sentido também a Inglaterra), um dos territórios- -ponte pelos quais a Europa se comunica com os outros mundos. Assim, eles constituem uma zona fronteiriça, de transição, menos carregada, em alguns casos, desse europeísmo que, não obstante, mantêm como um patrimônio necessário.
    Foi a partir da época dos grandes descobrimentos marítimos que os dois países entraram mais decididamente no coro europeu. Esse ingresso tardio deveria repercutir intensamente em seus destinos, determinando muitos aspectos peculiares de sua história e de sua formação espiritual. Surgiu, assim, um tipo de sociedade que se desenvolveria, em alguns sentidos, quase à margem das congêneres europeias, e sem delas receber qualquer incitamento que já não trouxesse em germe.
    Quais os fundamentos em que assentam de preferência as formas de vida social nessa região indecisa entre a Europa e a África, que se estende dos Pireneus a Gibraltar? Como explicar muitas daquelas formas, sem recorrer a indicações mais ou menos vagas e que jamais nos conduziriam a uma estrita objetividade?
    Precisamente a comparação entre elas e as da Europa de além-Pireneus faz ressaltar uma característica bem peculiar à gente da península Ibérica, uma característica que ela está longe de partilhar, pelo menos na mesma intensidade, com qualquer de seus vizinhos do continente. É que nenhum desses vizinhos soube desenvolver a tal extremo essa cultura da personalidade, que parece constituir o traço mais decisivo na evolução da gente hispânica, desde tempos imemoriais. Pode dizer-se, realmente, que pela importância particular que atribuem ao valor próprio da pessoa humana, à autonomia de cada um dos homens em relação aos semelhantes no tempo e no espaço, devem os espanhóis e portugueses muito de sua originalidade nacional. [...]
    É dela que resulta largamente a singular tibieza das formas de organização, de todas as associações que impliquem solidariedade e ordenação entre esses povos. Em terra onde todos são barões não é possível acordo coletivo durável, a não ser por uma força exterior respeitável e temida.

(Raízes do Brasil, 2000.)

A
contudo.
B
além disso.
C
assim sendo.
D
portanto.
E
ainda bem.
6cead710-b1
UNIFESP 2014 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Segundo o último parágrafo do texto

Leia o texto para responder a questão.


The Rise of Antibiotic Resistance 

By The Editorial Board

May 10, 2014


    The World Health Organization has surveyed the growth of antibiotic-resistant germs around the world – the first such survey it has ever conducted – and come up with disturbing findings. In a report issued late last month, the organization found that antimicrobial resistance in bacteria (the main focus of the report), fungi, viruses and parasites is an increasingly serious threat in every part of the world. “A problem so serious that it threatens the achievements of modern medicine,” the organization said. “A post-antibiotic era, in which common infections and minor injuries can kill, far from being an apocalyptic fantasy, is instead a very real possibility for the 21st century.” 

    The growth of antibiotic-resistant pathogens means that in ever more cases, standard treatments no longer work, infections are harder or impossible to control, the risk of spreading infections to others is increased, and illnesses and hospital stays are prolonged. All of these drive up the costs of illnesses and the risk of death. The survey sought to determine the scope of the problem by asking countries to submit their most recent surveillance data (114 did so). Unfortunately, the data was glaringly incomplete because few countries track and monitor antibiotic resistance comprehensively, and there is no standard methodology for doing so.

    Still, it is clear that major resistance problems have already developed, both for antibiotics that are used routinely and for those deemed “last resort” treatments to cure people when all else has failed. Carbapenem antibiotics, a class of drugs used as a last resort to treat life-threatening infections caused by a common intestinal bacterium, have failed to work in more than half the people treated in some countries. The bacterium is a major cause of hospital-acquired infections such as pneumonia, bloodstream infections, and infections in newborns and intensive-care patients. Similarly, the failure of a last-resort treatment for gonorrhoea has been confirmed in 10 countries, including many with advanced health care systems, such as Australia, Canada, France, Sweden and Britain. And resistance to a class of antibiotics that is routinely used to treat urinary tract infections caused by E. coli is widespread; in some countries the drugs are now ineffective in more than half of the patients treated. This sobering report is intended to kick-start a global campaign to develop tools and standards to track drug resistance, measure its health and economic impact, and design solutions.

   The most urgent need is to minimize the overuse of antibiotics in medicine and agriculture, which accelerates the development of resistant strains. In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has issued voluntary guidelines calling on drug companies, animal producers and veterinarians to stop indiscriminately using antibiotics that are important for treating humans on livestock; the drug companies have said they will comply. But the agency, shortsightedly, has appealed a court order requiring it to ban the use of penicillin and two forms of tetracycline by animal producers to promote growth unless they provide proof that it will not promote drug-resistant microbes.

   The pharmaceutical industry needs to be encouraged to develop new antibiotics to supplement those that are losing their effectiveness. The Royal Pharmaceutical Society, which represents pharmacists in Britain, called this month for stronger financial incentives. It said that no new class of antibiotics has been discovered since 1987, largely because the financial returns for finding new classes of antibiotics are too low. Unlike lucrative drugs to treat chronic diseases like cancer and cardiovascular ailments, antibiotics are typically taken for a short period of time, and any new drug is apt to be used sparingly and held in reserve to treat patients resistant to existing drugs. Antibiotics have transformed medicine and saved countless lives over the past seven decades. Now, rampant overuse and the lack of new drugs in the pipeline threaten to undermine their effectiveness.

(www.nytimes.com. Adaptado.)

A
os antibióticos estão perdendo sua eficácia devido ao seu uso abusivo.
B
daqui a 70 anos os atuais antibióticos estarão todos superados.
C
há diversas pesquisas com novas classes de drogas sendo testadas em animais.
D
muitas pessoas morrerão devido a infecções comuns sem tratamento.
E
o primeiro antibiótico de largo espectro foi criado na década de 70.
6ce71d28-b1
UNIFESP 2014 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Segundo o texto, a Royal Pharmaceutical Society do Reino Unido afirma que

Leia o texto para responder a questão.


The Rise of Antibiotic Resistance 

By The Editorial Board

May 10, 2014


    The World Health Organization has surveyed the growth of antibiotic-resistant germs around the world – the first such survey it has ever conducted – and come up with disturbing findings. In a report issued late last month, the organization found that antimicrobial resistance in bacteria (the main focus of the report), fungi, viruses and parasites is an increasingly serious threat in every part of the world. “A problem so serious that it threatens the achievements of modern medicine,” the organization said. “A post-antibiotic era, in which common infections and minor injuries can kill, far from being an apocalyptic fantasy, is instead a very real possibility for the 21st century.” 

    The growth of antibiotic-resistant pathogens means that in ever more cases, standard treatments no longer work, infections are harder or impossible to control, the risk of spreading infections to others is increased, and illnesses and hospital stays are prolonged. All of these drive up the costs of illnesses and the risk of death. The survey sought to determine the scope of the problem by asking countries to submit their most recent surveillance data (114 did so). Unfortunately, the data was glaringly incomplete because few countries track and monitor antibiotic resistance comprehensively, and there is no standard methodology for doing so.

    Still, it is clear that major resistance problems have already developed, both for antibiotics that are used routinely and for those deemed “last resort” treatments to cure people when all else has failed. Carbapenem antibiotics, a class of drugs used as a last resort to treat life-threatening infections caused by a common intestinal bacterium, have failed to work in more than half the people treated in some countries. The bacterium is a major cause of hospital-acquired infections such as pneumonia, bloodstream infections, and infections in newborns and intensive-care patients. Similarly, the failure of a last-resort treatment for gonorrhoea has been confirmed in 10 countries, including many with advanced health care systems, such as Australia, Canada, France, Sweden and Britain. And resistance to a class of antibiotics that is routinely used to treat urinary tract infections caused by E. coli is widespread; in some countries the drugs are now ineffective in more than half of the patients treated. This sobering report is intended to kick-start a global campaign to develop tools and standards to track drug resistance, measure its health and economic impact, and design solutions.

   The most urgent need is to minimize the overuse of antibiotics in medicine and agriculture, which accelerates the development of resistant strains. In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has issued voluntary guidelines calling on drug companies, animal producers and veterinarians to stop indiscriminately using antibiotics that are important for treating humans on livestock; the drug companies have said they will comply. But the agency, shortsightedly, has appealed a court order requiring it to ban the use of penicillin and two forms of tetracycline by animal producers to promote growth unless they provide proof that it will not promote drug-resistant microbes.

   The pharmaceutical industry needs to be encouraged to develop new antibiotics to supplement those that are losing their effectiveness. The Royal Pharmaceutical Society, which represents pharmacists in Britain, called this month for stronger financial incentives. It said that no new class of antibiotics has been discovered since 1987, largely because the financial returns for finding new classes of antibiotics are too low. Unlike lucrative drugs to treat chronic diseases like cancer and cardiovascular ailments, antibiotics are typically taken for a short period of time, and any new drug is apt to be used sparingly and held in reserve to treat patients resistant to existing drugs. Antibiotics have transformed medicine and saved countless lives over the past seven decades. Now, rampant overuse and the lack of new drugs in the pipeline threaten to undermine their effectiveness.

(www.nytimes.com. Adaptado.)

A
o câncer e as doenças cardiovasculares também precisam de pesquisas para produzir antibióticos específicos.
B
há um antibiótico experimental de dose única em testes clínicos desde 1987.
C
o ciclo de tratamento com antibióticos deve ser revisto para que essas drogas sejam viáveis para a indústria farmacêutica.
D
a indústria farmacêutica conseguiu lançar poucos antibióticos alternativos eficientes desde 1987.
E
incentivos financeiros são necessários para o desenvolvimento de novas classes de antibióticos
6ce1dfdb-b1
UNIFESP 2014 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

No trecho do quarto parágrafo “has appealed a court order requiring it to ban the use of penicillin”, o termo em destaque se refere a

Leia o texto para responder a questão.


The Rise of Antibiotic Resistance 

By The Editorial Board

May 10, 2014


    The World Health Organization has surveyed the growth of antibiotic-resistant germs around the world – the first such survey it has ever conducted – and come up with disturbing findings. In a report issued late last month, the organization found that antimicrobial resistance in bacteria (the main focus of the report), fungi, viruses and parasites is an increasingly serious threat in every part of the world. “A problem so serious that it threatens the achievements of modern medicine,” the organization said. “A post-antibiotic era, in which common infections and minor injuries can kill, far from being an apocalyptic fantasy, is instead a very real possibility for the 21st century.” 

    The growth of antibiotic-resistant pathogens means that in ever more cases, standard treatments no longer work, infections are harder or impossible to control, the risk of spreading infections to others is increased, and illnesses and hospital stays are prolonged. All of these drive up the costs of illnesses and the risk of death. The survey sought to determine the scope of the problem by asking countries to submit their most recent surveillance data (114 did so). Unfortunately, the data was glaringly incomplete because few countries track and monitor antibiotic resistance comprehensively, and there is no standard methodology for doing so.

    Still, it is clear that major resistance problems have already developed, both for antibiotics that are used routinely and for those deemed “last resort” treatments to cure people when all else has failed. Carbapenem antibiotics, a class of drugs used as a last resort to treat life-threatening infections caused by a common intestinal bacterium, have failed to work in more than half the people treated in some countries. The bacterium is a major cause of hospital-acquired infections such as pneumonia, bloodstream infections, and infections in newborns and intensive-care patients. Similarly, the failure of a last-resort treatment for gonorrhoea has been confirmed in 10 countries, including many with advanced health care systems, such as Australia, Canada, France, Sweden and Britain. And resistance to a class of antibiotics that is routinely used to treat urinary tract infections caused by E. coli is widespread; in some countries the drugs are now ineffective in more than half of the patients treated. This sobering report is intended to kick-start a global campaign to develop tools and standards to track drug resistance, measure its health and economic impact, and design solutions.

   The most urgent need is to minimize the overuse of antibiotics in medicine and agriculture, which accelerates the development of resistant strains. In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has issued voluntary guidelines calling on drug companies, animal producers and veterinarians to stop indiscriminately using antibiotics that are important for treating humans on livestock; the drug companies have said they will comply. But the agency, shortsightedly, has appealed a court order requiring it to ban the use of penicillin and two forms of tetracycline by animal producers to promote growth unless they provide proof that it will not promote drug-resistant microbes.

   The pharmaceutical industry needs to be encouraged to develop new antibiotics to supplement those that are losing their effectiveness. The Royal Pharmaceutical Society, which represents pharmacists in Britain, called this month for stronger financial incentives. It said that no new class of antibiotics has been discovered since 1987, largely because the financial returns for finding new classes of antibiotics are too low. Unlike lucrative drugs to treat chronic diseases like cancer and cardiovascular ailments, antibiotics are typically taken for a short period of time, and any new drug is apt to be used sparingly and held in reserve to treat patients resistant to existing drugs. Antibiotics have transformed medicine and saved countless lives over the past seven decades. Now, rampant overuse and the lack of new drugs in the pipeline threaten to undermine their effectiveness.

(www.nytimes.com. Adaptado.)

A
drug companies.
B
Food and Drug Administration.
C
penicillin.
D
a court order.
E
animal producers.
6cdda6f1-b1
UNIFESP 2014 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

According to the fourth paragraph of the text, the Food and Drug Administration

Leia o texto para responder a questão.


The Rise of Antibiotic Resistance 

By The Editorial Board

May 10, 2014


    The World Health Organization has surveyed the growth of antibiotic-resistant germs around the world – the first such survey it has ever conducted – and come up with disturbing findings. In a report issued late last month, the organization found that antimicrobial resistance in bacteria (the main focus of the report), fungi, viruses and parasites is an increasingly serious threat in every part of the world. “A problem so serious that it threatens the achievements of modern medicine,” the organization said. “A post-antibiotic era, in which common infections and minor injuries can kill, far from being an apocalyptic fantasy, is instead a very real possibility for the 21st century.” 

    The growth of antibiotic-resistant pathogens means that in ever more cases, standard treatments no longer work, infections are harder or impossible to control, the risk of spreading infections to others is increased, and illnesses and hospital stays are prolonged. All of these drive up the costs of illnesses and the risk of death. The survey sought to determine the scope of the problem by asking countries to submit their most recent surveillance data (114 did so). Unfortunately, the data was glaringly incomplete because few countries track and monitor antibiotic resistance comprehensively, and there is no standard methodology for doing so.

    Still, it is clear that major resistance problems have already developed, both for antibiotics that are used routinely and for those deemed “last resort” treatments to cure people when all else has failed. Carbapenem antibiotics, a class of drugs used as a last resort to treat life-threatening infections caused by a common intestinal bacterium, have failed to work in more than half the people treated in some countries. The bacterium is a major cause of hospital-acquired infections such as pneumonia, bloodstream infections, and infections in newborns and intensive-care patients. Similarly, the failure of a last-resort treatment for gonorrhoea has been confirmed in 10 countries, including many with advanced health care systems, such as Australia, Canada, France, Sweden and Britain. And resistance to a class of antibiotics that is routinely used to treat urinary tract infections caused by E. coli is widespread; in some countries the drugs are now ineffective in more than half of the patients treated. This sobering report is intended to kick-start a global campaign to develop tools and standards to track drug resistance, measure its health and economic impact, and design solutions.

   The most urgent need is to minimize the overuse of antibiotics in medicine and agriculture, which accelerates the development of resistant strains. In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has issued voluntary guidelines calling on drug companies, animal producers and veterinarians to stop indiscriminately using antibiotics that are important for treating humans on livestock; the drug companies have said they will comply. But the agency, shortsightedly, has appealed a court order requiring it to ban the use of penicillin and two forms of tetracycline by animal producers to promote growth unless they provide proof that it will not promote drug-resistant microbes.

   The pharmaceutical industry needs to be encouraged to develop new antibiotics to supplement those that are losing their effectiveness. The Royal Pharmaceutical Society, which represents pharmacists in Britain, called this month for stronger financial incentives. It said that no new class of antibiotics has been discovered since 1987, largely because the financial returns for finding new classes of antibiotics are too low. Unlike lucrative drugs to treat chronic diseases like cancer and cardiovascular ailments, antibiotics are typically taken for a short period of time, and any new drug is apt to be used sparingly and held in reserve to treat patients resistant to existing drugs. Antibiotics have transformed medicine and saved countless lives over the past seven decades. Now, rampant overuse and the lack of new drugs in the pipeline threaten to undermine their effectiveness.

(www.nytimes.com. Adaptado.)

A
allows the use of growth promoters in agriculture.
B
convinced animal producers to use only tetracycline to promote animal growth.
C
banned the use of penicillin and tetracycline by animal producers.
D
proved that antibiotic use in agriculture doesn’t pose any harm.
E
issued a quite mild guideline to tackle excessive antibiotic use in livestock.
6cda8b14-b1
UNIFESP 2014 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

According to the text, last resort antibiotics

Leia o texto para responder a questão.


The Rise of Antibiotic Resistance 

By The Editorial Board

May 10, 2014


    The World Health Organization has surveyed the growth of antibiotic-resistant germs around the world – the first such survey it has ever conducted – and come up with disturbing findings. In a report issued late last month, the organization found that antimicrobial resistance in bacteria (the main focus of the report), fungi, viruses and parasites is an increasingly serious threat in every part of the world. “A problem so serious that it threatens the achievements of modern medicine,” the organization said. “A post-antibiotic era, in which common infections and minor injuries can kill, far from being an apocalyptic fantasy, is instead a very real possibility for the 21st century.” 

    The growth of antibiotic-resistant pathogens means that in ever more cases, standard treatments no longer work, infections are harder or impossible to control, the risk of spreading infections to others is increased, and illnesses and hospital stays are prolonged. All of these drive up the costs of illnesses and the risk of death. The survey sought to determine the scope of the problem by asking countries to submit their most recent surveillance data (114 did so). Unfortunately, the data was glaringly incomplete because few countries track and monitor antibiotic resistance comprehensively, and there is no standard methodology for doing so.

    Still, it is clear that major resistance problems have already developed, both for antibiotics that are used routinely and for those deemed “last resort” treatments to cure people when all else has failed. Carbapenem antibiotics, a class of drugs used as a last resort to treat life-threatening infections caused by a common intestinal bacterium, have failed to work in more than half the people treated in some countries. The bacterium is a major cause of hospital-acquired infections such as pneumonia, bloodstream infections, and infections in newborns and intensive-care patients. Similarly, the failure of a last-resort treatment for gonorrhoea has been confirmed in 10 countries, including many with advanced health care systems, such as Australia, Canada, France, Sweden and Britain. And resistance to a class of antibiotics that is routinely used to treat urinary tract infections caused by E. coli is widespread; in some countries the drugs are now ineffective in more than half of the patients treated. This sobering report is intended to kick-start a global campaign to develop tools and standards to track drug resistance, measure its health and economic impact, and design solutions.

   The most urgent need is to minimize the overuse of antibiotics in medicine and agriculture, which accelerates the development of resistant strains. In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has issued voluntary guidelines calling on drug companies, animal producers and veterinarians to stop indiscriminately using antibiotics that are important for treating humans on livestock; the drug companies have said they will comply. But the agency, shortsightedly, has appealed a court order requiring it to ban the use of penicillin and two forms of tetracycline by animal producers to promote growth unless they provide proof that it will not promote drug-resistant microbes.

   The pharmaceutical industry needs to be encouraged to develop new antibiotics to supplement those that are losing their effectiveness. The Royal Pharmaceutical Society, which represents pharmacists in Britain, called this month for stronger financial incentives. It said that no new class of antibiotics has been discovered since 1987, largely because the financial returns for finding new classes of antibiotics are too low. Unlike lucrative drugs to treat chronic diseases like cancer and cardiovascular ailments, antibiotics are typically taken for a short period of time, and any new drug is apt to be used sparingly and held in reserve to treat patients resistant to existing drugs. Antibiotics have transformed medicine and saved countless lives over the past seven decades. Now, rampant overuse and the lack of new drugs in the pipeline threaten to undermine their effectiveness.

(www.nytimes.com. Adaptado.)

A
have not performed as they should in the case of gonorrhoea in 10 countries.
B
don’t work anymore in all developed countries due to their overuse.
C
are very expensive and therefore can be taken only in a hospital.
D
are usually prescribed for intestinal infections by most physicians.
E
should be replaced by ordinary treatments since they are mostly unsuccessful.
6cd3ef3d-b1
UNIFESP 2014 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Segundo o texto, um dos objetivos do relatório da Organização Mundial da Saúde é

Leia o texto para responder a questão.


The Rise of Antibiotic Resistance 

By The Editorial Board

May 10, 2014


    The World Health Organization has surveyed the growth of antibiotic-resistant germs around the world – the first such survey it has ever conducted – and come up with disturbing findings. In a report issued late last month, the organization found that antimicrobial resistance in bacteria (the main focus of the report), fungi, viruses and parasites is an increasingly serious threat in every part of the world. “A problem so serious that it threatens the achievements of modern medicine,” the organization said. “A post-antibiotic era, in which common infections and minor injuries can kill, far from being an apocalyptic fantasy, is instead a very real possibility for the 21st century.” 

    The growth of antibiotic-resistant pathogens means that in ever more cases, standard treatments no longer work, infections are harder or impossible to control, the risk of spreading infections to others is increased, and illnesses and hospital stays are prolonged. All of these drive up the costs of illnesses and the risk of death. The survey sought to determine the scope of the problem by asking countries to submit their most recent surveillance data (114 did so). Unfortunately, the data was glaringly incomplete because few countries track and monitor antibiotic resistance comprehensively, and there is no standard methodology for doing so.

    Still, it is clear that major resistance problems have already developed, both for antibiotics that are used routinely and for those deemed “last resort” treatments to cure people when all else has failed. Carbapenem antibiotics, a class of drugs used as a last resort to treat life-threatening infections caused by a common intestinal bacterium, have failed to work in more than half the people treated in some countries. The bacterium is a major cause of hospital-acquired infections such as pneumonia, bloodstream infections, and infections in newborns and intensive-care patients. Similarly, the failure of a last-resort treatment for gonorrhoea has been confirmed in 10 countries, including many with advanced health care systems, such as Australia, Canada, France, Sweden and Britain. And resistance to a class of antibiotics that is routinely used to treat urinary tract infections caused by E. coli is widespread; in some countries the drugs are now ineffective in more than half of the patients treated. This sobering report is intended to kick-start a global campaign to develop tools and standards to track drug resistance, measure its health and economic impact, and design solutions.

   The most urgent need is to minimize the overuse of antibiotics in medicine and agriculture, which accelerates the development of resistant strains. In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has issued voluntary guidelines calling on drug companies, animal producers and veterinarians to stop indiscriminately using antibiotics that are important for treating humans on livestock; the drug companies have said they will comply. But the agency, shortsightedly, has appealed a court order requiring it to ban the use of penicillin and two forms of tetracycline by animal producers to promote growth unless they provide proof that it will not promote drug-resistant microbes.

   The pharmaceutical industry needs to be encouraged to develop new antibiotics to supplement those that are losing their effectiveness. The Royal Pharmaceutical Society, which represents pharmacists in Britain, called this month for stronger financial incentives. It said that no new class of antibiotics has been discovered since 1987, largely because the financial returns for finding new classes of antibiotics are too low. Unlike lucrative drugs to treat chronic diseases like cancer and cardiovascular ailments, antibiotics are typically taken for a short period of time, and any new drug is apt to be used sparingly and held in reserve to treat patients resistant to existing drugs. Antibiotics have transformed medicine and saved countless lives over the past seven decades. Now, rampant overuse and the lack of new drugs in the pipeline threaten to undermine their effectiveness.

(www.nytimes.com. Adaptado.)

A
fazer um levantamento inicial dos principais micro- -organismos que causam doenças.
B
evitar a contaminação de pessoas saudáveis por drogas ineficientes.
C
identificar os países que não têm dados fidedignos sobre a resistência aos antibióticos.
D
iniciar uma campanha mundial para desenvolver metodologias para acompanhar a resistência às drogas.
E
fornecer subsídios à indústria farmacêutica para atualizar as drogas existentes.
6cd754b6-b1
UNIFESP 2014 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Segundo o texto, o relatório da Organização Mundial da Saúde

Leia o texto para responder a questão.


The Rise of Antibiotic Resistance 

By The Editorial Board

May 10, 2014


    The World Health Organization has surveyed the growth of antibiotic-resistant germs around the world – the first such survey it has ever conducted – and come up with disturbing findings. In a report issued late last month, the organization found that antimicrobial resistance in bacteria (the main focus of the report), fungi, viruses and parasites is an increasingly serious threat in every part of the world. “A problem so serious that it threatens the achievements of modern medicine,” the organization said. “A post-antibiotic era, in which common infections and minor injuries can kill, far from being an apocalyptic fantasy, is instead a very real possibility for the 21st century.” 

    The growth of antibiotic-resistant pathogens means that in ever more cases, standard treatments no longer work, infections are harder or impossible to control, the risk of spreading infections to others is increased, and illnesses and hospital stays are prolonged. All of these drive up the costs of illnesses and the risk of death. The survey sought to determine the scope of the problem by asking countries to submit their most recent surveillance data (114 did so). Unfortunately, the data was glaringly incomplete because few countries track and monitor antibiotic resistance comprehensively, and there is no standard methodology for doing so.

    Still, it is clear that major resistance problems have already developed, both for antibiotics that are used routinely and for those deemed “last resort” treatments to cure people when all else has failed. Carbapenem antibiotics, a class of drugs used as a last resort to treat life-threatening infections caused by a common intestinal bacterium, have failed to work in more than half the people treated in some countries. The bacterium is a major cause of hospital-acquired infections such as pneumonia, bloodstream infections, and infections in newborns and intensive-care patients. Similarly, the failure of a last-resort treatment for gonorrhoea has been confirmed in 10 countries, including many with advanced health care systems, such as Australia, Canada, France, Sweden and Britain. And resistance to a class of antibiotics that is routinely used to treat urinary tract infections caused by E. coli is widespread; in some countries the drugs are now ineffective in more than half of the patients treated. This sobering report is intended to kick-start a global campaign to develop tools and standards to track drug resistance, measure its health and economic impact, and design solutions.

   The most urgent need is to minimize the overuse of antibiotics in medicine and agriculture, which accelerates the development of resistant strains. In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has issued voluntary guidelines calling on drug companies, animal producers and veterinarians to stop indiscriminately using antibiotics that are important for treating humans on livestock; the drug companies have said they will comply. But the agency, shortsightedly, has appealed a court order requiring it to ban the use of penicillin and two forms of tetracycline by animal producers to promote growth unless they provide proof that it will not promote drug-resistant microbes.

   The pharmaceutical industry needs to be encouraged to develop new antibiotics to supplement those that are losing their effectiveness. The Royal Pharmaceutical Society, which represents pharmacists in Britain, called this month for stronger financial incentives. It said that no new class of antibiotics has been discovered since 1987, largely because the financial returns for finding new classes of antibiotics are too low. Unlike lucrative drugs to treat chronic diseases like cancer and cardiovascular ailments, antibiotics are typically taken for a short period of time, and any new drug is apt to be used sparingly and held in reserve to treat patients resistant to existing drugs. Antibiotics have transformed medicine and saved countless lives over the past seven decades. Now, rampant overuse and the lack of new drugs in the pipeline threaten to undermine their effectiveness.

(www.nytimes.com. Adaptado.)

A
constatou que as infestações por parasitas ainda não têm antídotos eficientes.
B
concentrou-se no problema das bactérias resistentes aos antibióticos existentes.
C
utilizou dados detalhados de mais de 114 países para verificar os resultados.
D
revelou que muitas internações hospitalares são desnecessárias e dispendiosas.
E
comparou as classes de antibióticos descobertas após 1987 para avaliar sua eficácia.
6cd00db0-b1
UNIFESP 2014 - Inglês - Vocabulário | Vocabulary, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

No trecho do quarto parágrafo “Rather, he is keen to promote choices”, o termo em destaque equivale, em português, a

Leia o texto para responder a questão.

Healthy choices

How do we reduce waistlines in a country where we traditionally do not like telling individuals what to do?

By Telegraph View

22 Aug 2014

                                                                                    Duncan Selbie, the Chief Executive of Public Health

                                                                                                  England, suggests that parents feed their children

                                                                                                  from smaller plates. Photo: Alamy


   Every new piece of information about Britain’s weight problem makes for ever more depressing reading. Duncan Selbie, the Chief Executive of Public Health England, today tells us that by 2034 some six million Britons will suffer from diabetes. Of course, many people develop diabetes through no fault of their own. But Mr Selbie’s research concludes that if the levels of obesity returned to their 1994 levels, 1.7 million fewer people would suffer from the condition.

  Given that fighting diabetes already drains the National Health Service (NHS) by more than £1.5 million, or 10 per cent of its budget for England, the impact upon the Treasury in 20 years’ time from unhealthy lifestyles could be catastrophic. Bad health not only impacts on the individual but also on the rest of the community.

   Diagnosis of the challenge is straightforward. The tougher question is what to do about reducing waistlines in a country where we traditionally do not like telling individuals what to do.

   It is interesting to note that Mr Selbie does not ascribe to the Big Brother approach of ceaseless legislation and nannying. Rather, he is keen to promote choices – making the case passionately that people should be encouraged to embrace good health. One of his suggestions is that parents feed their children from smaller plates. That way the child can clear his or her plate, as ordered, without actually consuming too much. Like all good ideas, this is rooted in common sense. 

(www.telegraph.co.uk. Adaptado.)

A
por sinal.
B
mesmo assim.
C
pelo contrário.
D
via de regra.
E
além disso.
6cc851ce-b1
UNIFESP 2014 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

No trecho inicial do segundo parágrafo “Given that fighting diabetes already drains the National Health Service”, a expressão em destaque introduz

Leia o texto para responder a questão.

Healthy choices

How do we reduce waistlines in a country where we traditionally do not like telling individuals what to do?

By Telegraph View

22 Aug 2014

                                                                                    Duncan Selbie, the Chief Executive of Public Health

                                                                                                  England, suggests that parents feed their children

                                                                                                  from smaller plates. Photo: Alamy


   Every new piece of information about Britain’s weight problem makes for ever more depressing reading. Duncan Selbie, the Chief Executive of Public Health England, today tells us that by 2034 some six million Britons will suffer from diabetes. Of course, many people develop diabetes through no fault of their own. But Mr Selbie’s research concludes that if the levels of obesity returned to their 1994 levels, 1.7 million fewer people would suffer from the condition.

  Given that fighting diabetes already drains the National Health Service (NHS) by more than £1.5 million, or 10 per cent of its budget for England, the impact upon the Treasury in 20 years’ time from unhealthy lifestyles could be catastrophic. Bad health not only impacts on the individual but also on the rest of the community.

   Diagnosis of the challenge is straightforward. The tougher question is what to do about reducing waistlines in a country where we traditionally do not like telling individuals what to do.

   It is interesting to note that Mr Selbie does not ascribe to the Big Brother approach of ceaseless legislation and nannying. Rather, he is keen to promote choices – making the case passionately that people should be encouraged to embrace good health. One of his suggestions is that parents feed their children from smaller plates. That way the child can clear his or her plate, as ordered, without actually consuming too much. Like all good ideas, this is rooted in common sense. 

(www.telegraph.co.uk. Adaptado.)

A
um pressuposto.
B
uma generalização.
C
um exemplo.
D
uma consequência.
E
uma finalidade.
6ccd11cf-b1
UNIFESP 2014 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

No trecho do segundo parágrafo “Bad health not only impacts on the individual but also on the rest of the community”, a expressão “not only … but also” indica uma ideia de

Leia o texto para responder a questão.

Healthy choices

How do we reduce waistlines in a country where we traditionally do not like telling individuals what to do?

By Telegraph View

22 Aug 2014

                                                                                    Duncan Selbie, the Chief Executive of Public Health

                                                                                                  England, suggests that parents feed their children

                                                                                                  from smaller plates. Photo: Alamy


   Every new piece of information about Britain’s weight problem makes for ever more depressing reading. Duncan Selbie, the Chief Executive of Public Health England, today tells us that by 2034 some six million Britons will suffer from diabetes. Of course, many people develop diabetes through no fault of their own. But Mr Selbie’s research concludes that if the levels of obesity returned to their 1994 levels, 1.7 million fewer people would suffer from the condition.

  Given that fighting diabetes already drains the National Health Service (NHS) by more than £1.5 million, or 10 per cent of its budget for England, the impact upon the Treasury in 20 years’ time from unhealthy lifestyles could be catastrophic. Bad health not only impacts on the individual but also on the rest of the community.

   Diagnosis of the challenge is straightforward. The tougher question is what to do about reducing waistlines in a country where we traditionally do not like telling individuals what to do.

   It is interesting to note that Mr Selbie does not ascribe to the Big Brother approach of ceaseless legislation and nannying. Rather, he is keen to promote choices – making the case passionately that people should be encouraged to embrace good health. One of his suggestions is that parents feed their children from smaller plates. That way the child can clear his or her plate, as ordered, without actually consuming too much. Like all good ideas, this is rooted in common sense. 

(www.telegraph.co.uk. Adaptado.)

A
negação.
B
comparação.
C
alternativa.
D
inclusão.
E
contraste.
6cc45b8b-b1
UNIFESP 2014 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Segundo o texto, a diabetes

Leia o texto para responder a questão.

Healthy choices

How do we reduce waistlines in a country where we traditionally do not like telling individuals what to do?

By Telegraph View

22 Aug 2014

                                                                                    Duncan Selbie, the Chief Executive of Public Health

                                                                                                  England, suggests that parents feed their children

                                                                                                  from smaller plates. Photo: Alamy


   Every new piece of information about Britain’s weight problem makes for ever more depressing reading. Duncan Selbie, the Chief Executive of Public Health England, today tells us that by 2034 some six million Britons will suffer from diabetes. Of course, many people develop diabetes through no fault of their own. But Mr Selbie’s research concludes that if the levels of obesity returned to their 1994 levels, 1.7 million fewer people would suffer from the condition.

  Given that fighting diabetes already drains the National Health Service (NHS) by more than £1.5 million, or 10 per cent of its budget for England, the impact upon the Treasury in 20 years’ time from unhealthy lifestyles could be catastrophic. Bad health not only impacts on the individual but also on the rest of the community.

   Diagnosis of the challenge is straightforward. The tougher question is what to do about reducing waistlines in a country where we traditionally do not like telling individuals what to do.

   It is interesting to note that Mr Selbie does not ascribe to the Big Brother approach of ceaseless legislation and nannying. Rather, he is keen to promote choices – making the case passionately that people should be encouraged to embrace good health. One of his suggestions is that parents feed their children from smaller plates. That way the child can clear his or her plate, as ordered, without actually consuming too much. Like all good ideas, this is rooted in common sense. 

(www.telegraph.co.uk. Adaptado.)

A
deve ter suas causas divulgadas, para que as pessoas saibam como curá-la.
B
esgotará os recursos para a saúde em 20 anos nos países desenvolvidos.
C
consome 10% do orçamento do sistema público de saúde na Inglaterra, com tendência a aumentar
D
precisa ser diagnosticada e tratada rapidamente, para evitar danos futuros à saúde.
E
será responsável por uma catástrofe nas comunidades onde a obesidade prevalece.
6cc05fa1-b1
UNIFESP 2014 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

The excerpt from the first paragraph “many people develop diabetes through no fault of their own” means that these people

Leia o texto para responder a questão.

Healthy choices

How do we reduce waistlines in a country where we traditionally do not like telling individuals what to do?

By Telegraph View

22 Aug 2014

                                                                                    Duncan Selbie, the Chief Executive of Public Health

                                                                                                  England, suggests that parents feed their children

                                                                                                  from smaller plates. Photo: Alamy


   Every new piece of information about Britain’s weight problem makes for ever more depressing reading. Duncan Selbie, the Chief Executive of Public Health England, today tells us that by 2034 some six million Britons will suffer from diabetes. Of course, many people develop diabetes through no fault of their own. But Mr Selbie’s research concludes that if the levels of obesity returned to their 1994 levels, 1.7 million fewer people would suffer from the condition.

  Given that fighting diabetes already drains the National Health Service (NHS) by more than £1.5 million, or 10 per cent of its budget for England, the impact upon the Treasury in 20 years’ time from unhealthy lifestyles could be catastrophic. Bad health not only impacts on the individual but also on the rest of the community.

   Diagnosis of the challenge is straightforward. The tougher question is what to do about reducing waistlines in a country where we traditionally do not like telling individuals what to do.

   It is interesting to note that Mr Selbie does not ascribe to the Big Brother approach of ceaseless legislation and nannying. Rather, he is keen to promote choices – making the case passionately that people should be encouraged to embrace good health. One of his suggestions is that parents feed their children from smaller plates. That way the child can clear his or her plate, as ordered, without actually consuming too much. Like all good ideas, this is rooted in common sense. 

(www.telegraph.co.uk. Adaptado.)

A
should reduce their waistline.
B
can’t be blamed for getting ill.
C
probably led an unhealthy lifestyle.
D
might take part in a research for new medicines.
E
will have to undergo an expensive treatment paid by the NHS.
6cbd2e58-b1
UNIFESP 2014 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

According to the text, Mr Duncan Selbie concluded that

Leia o texto para responder a questão.

Healthy choices

How do we reduce waistlines in a country where we traditionally do not like telling individuals what to do?

By Telegraph View

22 Aug 2014

                                                                                    Duncan Selbie, the Chief Executive of Public Health

                                                                                                  England, suggests that parents feed their children

                                                                                                  from smaller plates. Photo: Alamy


   Every new piece of information about Britain’s weight problem makes for ever more depressing reading. Duncan Selbie, the Chief Executive of Public Health England, today tells us that by 2034 some six million Britons will suffer from diabetes. Of course, many people develop diabetes through no fault of their own. But Mr Selbie’s research concludes that if the levels of obesity returned to their 1994 levels, 1.7 million fewer people would suffer from the condition.

  Given that fighting diabetes already drains the National Health Service (NHS) by more than £1.5 million, or 10 per cent of its budget for England, the impact upon the Treasury in 20 years’ time from unhealthy lifestyles could be catastrophic. Bad health not only impacts on the individual but also on the rest of the community.

   Diagnosis of the challenge is straightforward. The tougher question is what to do about reducing waistlines in a country where we traditionally do not like telling individuals what to do.

   It is interesting to note that Mr Selbie does not ascribe to the Big Brother approach of ceaseless legislation and nannying. Rather, he is keen to promote choices – making the case passionately that people should be encouraged to embrace good health. One of his suggestions is that parents feed their children from smaller plates. That way the child can clear his or her plate, as ordered, without actually consuming too much. Like all good ideas, this is rooted in common sense. 

(www.telegraph.co.uk. Adaptado.)

A
1.7 million people are obese and have serious health risks in the UK.
B
there are certain genetic conditions that pose the risk of developing diabetes.
C
there were more diabetic people twenty years ago.
D
obesity will escalate quickly in the next 20 years after a reduction in the last 20 years.
E
less people would suffer from diabetes if obesity levels reverted to 1994 figures.
6cba0f30-b1
UNIFESP 2014 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

When introduced to “real food” the children express

Examine o quadrinho para responder a questão. 


The Joy of Tech                                     by Nitrozac & Snaggy

                                                                                                   (www.starling-fitness.com)
A
damage.
B
awareness.
C
revulsion.
D
disguise.
E
sorrow.
6cb598d3-b1
UNIFESP 2014 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

O quadrinho faz uma crítica

Examine o quadrinho para responder a questão. 


The Joy of Tech                                     by Nitrozac & Snaggy

                                                                                                   (www.starling-fitness.com)
A
à falta de bons modos explicitada pela linguagem usada pelas crianças.
B
aos maus hábitos alimentares praticados pelas crianças em geral.
C
às crianças que não comem vegetais de cor verde.
D
à professora que não está familiarizada com os desejos das crianças.
E
ao conflito entre gerações, ou seja, diferenças de comportamento entre pais e filhos.
6cb267e2-b1
UNIFESP 2014 - Português - Interpretação de Textos, Noções Gerais de Compreensão e Interpretação de Texto

Leia o soneto de Cruz e Sousa.

Silêncios

Largos Silêncios interpretativos,

Adoçados por funda nostalgia,

Balada de consolo e simpatia

Que os sentimentos meus torna cativos;


Harmonia de doces lenitivos,

Sombra, segredo, lágrima, harmonia

Da alma serena, da alma fugidia

Nos seus vagos espasmos sugestivos.


Ó Silêncios! ó cândidos desmaios,

Vácuos fecundos de celestes raios

De sonhos, no mais límpido cortejo...


Eu vos sinto os mistérios insondáveis

Como de estranhos anjos inefáveis

O glorioso esplendor de um grande beijo!

(Cruz e Sousa. Broquéis, Faróis, Últimos Sonetos, 2008.)



A análise do soneto revela como tema e recursos poéticos, respectivamente:

A
a aura de mistério e de transcendentalidade suaviza o sofrimento do eu lírico; rimas alternadas e sinestesias se evidenciam nos versos de redondilha maior.
B
o esforço de superação do sofrimento coexiste com o esgotamento das forças do eu lírico; assonâncias e metonímias reforçam os contrastes das rimas alternadas em versos livres.
C
a religiosidade como forma de superação do sofrimento humano; metáforas e antíteses reforçam o negativismo da desagregação existencial nos versos livres.
D
a apresentação da condição existencial do eu lírico, marcada pelo sofrimento, em uma abordagem transcendente; assonâncias e aliterações reforçam a sonoridade nos versos decassílabos.
E
o apelo à subjetividade e à espiritualidade denota a conciliação entre o eu lírico e o mundo; metáforas e sinestesias reforçam o sentido de transcendentalidade nos versos de doze sílabas.