Questõesde MACKENZIE

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Foram encontradas 641 questões
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MACKENZIE 2019 - Geografia - Escalas, Cartografia

Considerando que a distância real entre Yokohama e Fukushima, duas importantes localidades, onde serão realizadas competições dos Jogos Olímpicos de Verão 2020 é de 270 quilômetros, em um mapa, na escala de 1:1.500.000, essa distância seria de

A
1,8 cm
B
40,5 cm
C
1,8 m
D
18 cm
E
4,05 m
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MACKENZIE 2019 - Literatura - Modernismo, Escolas Literárias

Considere as seguintes observações sobre a vida e a obra de Clarice Lispector.


I. Durante sua carreira, Clarice Lispector se consolidou como escritora escrevendo principalmente contos, romances e crônicas.

II. Na infância, antes de se mudar em definitivo para o Rio de Janeiro, Clarice Lispector morou em Alagoas e Pernambuco. Devido a isso, ela se transformou no principal nome do Regionalismo modernista, dando continuidade às temáticas consolidadas por José Lins do Rego.

III. João Guimarães Rosa e Clarice Lispector são considerados pela historiografia literária como dois dos mais relevantes nomes da assim chamada “Terceira Fase” do Modernismo brasileiro.


Assinale a alternativa correta.

Texto para a questão



A
As afirmações I e II estão corretas.
B
As afirmações I e III estão corretas.
C
As afirmações II e III estão corretas.
D
Todas as afirmações estão corretas.
E
Nenhuma das afirmações está correta.
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MACKENZIE 2019 - Química - Soluções e Substâncias Inorgânicas, Substâncias Inorgânicas e suas características: Ácidos, Bases, Sais e Óxidos. Reações de Neutralização.

A aragonita e a dolomita são minerais que possuem composição química muito semelhante, pois ambas compostas por carbonatos. A aragonita é composta de carbonato de cálcio (CaCO3 ); enquanto a dolomita, de carbonato de cálcio e magnésio (CaCO3 ∙MgCO3 ). Assim, ao fazer a análise da qualidade da água mineral de uma fonte que está localizada numa região, cujo solo possui elevada composição de dolomita e aragonita, um químico fez as seguintes afirmações:

I. trata-se de uma água alcalina.
II. há elevada concentração de íons trivalentes, devido à presença do cálcio.
III. trata-se de uma água dura, devido ao excesso de íons cálcio e magnésio.

Das afirmações acima, somente

A
a afirmação I é verdadeira.
B
a afirmação II é verdadeira.
C
as afirmações II e III são verdadeiras.
D
as afirmações I e II são verdadeiras.
E
as afirmações I e III são verdadeiras.
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MACKENZIE 2019 - Química - Isomeria: Isomeria Espacial: Isomeria Geométrica (cis-trans) e Isomeria Óptica., Principais Funções Orgânicas: Funções Oxigenadas: Álcool, Fenol e Enol., Química Orgânica, Principais Funções Orgânicas: Funções Oxigenadas: Cetona, Aldeído, Éter, Éster, Ácido Carboxílico, Anidrido Orgânico e Cloreto de Ácido., Principais Funções Orgânicas: Funções Nitrogenadas: Amina, Amida, Nitrila, Isonitrila e Nitro Composto., Cadeias Carbônicas: Características e Classificações do Átomo do Carbono, Tipos de Ligação e Hibridação. Tipos de Cadeias Carbônicas e Fórmulas. Séries: Homóloga, Isóloga e Heteróloga.

A tetrahidrobiopterina é uma substância própria do organismo humano que atua no metabolismo do aminoácido fenilalanina, convertendo-o em um outro aminoácido, denominado tirosina. Dessa forma, combate o acúmulo de fenilalanina, o que evita o desenvolvimento da fenilcetonúria.


De acordo com a fórmula estrutural tetrahidrobiopterina, representada acima, são feitas as seguintes afirmações:

I. apresenta os grupos funcionais amina, cetona e álcool.
II. possui 8 isômeros opticamente ativos.
III. apresenta característica básica.
IV. possui 5 átomos de carbono primário.

Estão corretas somente as afirmações

A
I e IV.
B
I, II e III.
C
II e III.
D
III e IV.
E
II, III e IV.
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MACKENZIE 2019 - Química - Química Orgânica, Tipos de Reações Orgânicas: Oxidação, Redução e Polimerização.

O but-2-eno é um hidrocarboneto insaturado, que pode sofrer diversas reações. Abaixo está representada uma dessas reações.

81a0daf595e66b167c6c.png (350×87)

Assim, a respeito do but-2-eno são feitas as seguintes afirmações:

I. a reação acima representa uma reação de redução.
II. o produto obtido, na reação acima, está em configuração trans.
III. a oxidação enérgica do but-2-eno, em condições apropriadas, produz ácido acético.
IV. a ozonólise do but-2-eno, em presença de zinco e condições apropriadas, produz etanal.


Estão corretas somente as afirmações

A
I e II.
B
II, III e IV.
C
II e III.
D
III e IV.
E
I, II e IV.
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MACKENZIE 2019 - História - Fundamentos da História : Tempo, Memória e Cultura, História Geral

“Os humanistas, num gesto ousado, tendiam a considerar como mais perfeita e mais expressiva a cultura que havia surgido e se desenvolvido no seio do paganismo, antes do advento de Cristo. A Igreja, portanto, para quem a história humana só atingira a culminância na Era Cristã, não poderia ver com bons olhos essa atitude.”

(SEVCENKO, Nicolau. O Renascimento. São Paulo: Unicamp, 1988. p.14)


Quanto aos humanistas, podemos dizer que

A
eram em sua maioria cristãos e desejavam reinterpretar o Evangelho à luz da experiência e dos valores da Antiguidade. Exaltavam o indivíduo, a vontade e a capacidade de ação dos homens.
B
valorizavam os antigos gregos e romanos em detrimento da cultura medieval. Assim, os humanistas retornam ao paganismo e fazem dessa religião sua crença principal provocando a ira da Igreja Católica.
C
acreditavam que somente Deus é a fonte de energias criativas ilimitadas, detentor único de virtude e glória. Porém, seu teocentrismo não os impediu de produzir obras que valorizassem a ação humana.
D
acreditavam, inspirados nos valores clássicos, na capacidade transformadora dos homens induzidos por força criadora de Deus. Diante disso, a Igreja Católica adotou uma política de total apoio ao movimento.
E
eram orientados pela ideia de submissão total do homem a Deus e à Igreja. Obedeciam à ordem social imposta pelo clero e justificam esse posicionamento a partir dos textos da antiguidade clássica.
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MACKENZIE 2019 - Literatura - Naturalismo, Modernismo, Realismo, Escolas Literárias

Assinale as correntes estéticas que, por aproximação, possuem mais afinidades com o simbolismo de “Siderações”.

Texto para a questão


A
Naturalismo e Realismo.
B
Trovadorismo e Quinhentismo.
C
Ultrarromantismo e Decadentismo.
D
Classicismo e Neoclassicismo.
E
Modernismo e Pós-modernismo.
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MACKENZIE 2019 - Matemática - Análise de Tabelas e Gráficos

Um nutricionista deseja montar uma refeição com 3 alimentos. A porcentagem das necessidades diárias de proteínas, carboidratos, e ferro contidas em cada porção (100g) de cada alimento está indicada na tabela abaixo:


Determine quantas porções do alimento 1 o nutricionista deve incluir na refeição para atender completamente as necessidades diárias de proteínas, carboidratos e ferro.


A
6 porções
B
5 porções
C
4 porções
D
2 porções
E
1 porção
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MACKENZIE 2019 - Português - Interpretação de Textos, Funções da Linguagem: emotiva, apelativa, referencial, metalinguística, fática e poética.

Sobre o texto é correto afirmar que a função da linguagem predominante é a:

Texto para a questão



A
poética.
B
referencial.
C
metalinguística.
D
emotiva.
E
fática.
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MACKENZIE 2019 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

According to the article, choose the correct alternative.

I. Walking tours are free because you don’t have to pay anything for them.
II. Airbnb Experiences also provides a way to interact with people through a local guest.
III. Social Travels Apps can connect you to local people so that they can help you plan your trips and join local groups.

Read the text and answer question


How to Make Friends While Traveling Solo

Even in the best cases, traveling alone can get lonely. Here’s how to connect safely with the people you meet along the way.

By Aric Jenkins April 16, 2019

Experiencing another culture on your own terms, at your own pace, with a budget of your own choosing can be an incredibly rewarding and insightful adventure. But while some may find such a journey liberating, others might worry about safety or a period of solitude in a strange, unfamiliar place. Humans, after all, are social animals.
Prospective solo travelers should know that, despite its label, solo travel does not have to mean you’re alone all the time. There are local communities to safely interact with as well as fellow globe-trotters in a similar position.
A 2016 report from travel research company Phocuswright found that a whopping 72 percent of hostel guests in the United States were traveling alone. Airbnb saw similar a trend in its data, with cities like Ho Chi Minh City, Cologne, and Johannesburg experiencing more than a 130 percent increase in individual bookings in 2016.
With solo traveling growing in popularity, it’s clear there are options to socialize with other travelers — it’s just a matter of putting yourself in the right position to do so. Here are some tactics you can use to meet and befriend people abroad, from tried-and-true methods to innovative new apps and technology.
Go on ‘free’ walking tours
The word free is in quotations because, assuming your tour guide is at least half-decent, you should tip them at the end (many earn the majority of their income on commission). But these walking tours can be worth every penny. Not only will the guide give you an informed and hopefully entertaining view of the locale, but you’ll have a chance to interact with other tourists and possibly come away with a new friend.
(…)
Use Airbnb to go on unique experiences hosted by locals
Airbnb may be known more for its lodging arrangements, but it also wants to give you something to do at your destination. Airbnb Experiences connects travelers with local guides who lead guests on paid activities ranging from city tours to bar crawls and hobby and skill classes. Launched in late 2016, Experiences quickly became a popular feature.
Connect with like-minded explorers on social travel apps
Prefer to cut out the middleman and connect directly with other travelers? Try your hand at the crop of social networking apps specifically designed for travel. Travello, free on iOS and Android, allows you to discover other travelers nearby, match itineraries for planned trips and join groups based on similar interests. You can also create a feed by posting photos and updates.
(…)
Stay in hostels
In a world of hospitable hotels and authentic Airbnbs, why do travelers elect to stay in hostels? Two reasons, really: Hostels are cheap and sociable. You’ll find college-esque dormitories with common lounge rooms and kitchens, and sometimes a bar or cafe.
It’s an ideal environment to meet other travelers, and hostel staffs are well aware of this — some will lead city tours or pub crawls designed to foster interaction between hostel mates. Others might host game nights in the common room or arrange family dinners.
(…)
Adapted from the digital edition of The New York Times: www.nytimes.com

A
I is TRUE and II and III are FALSE
B
I is FALSE and II and III are TRUE
C
I and III are FALSE and II is TRUE
D
II and III are FALSE and I is TRUE
E
I and II are FALSE and III is TRUE
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MACKENZIE 2019 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Choose the INCORRECT alternative, according to the text:

Read the text below and answer question


Is it really possible that plant-based foods such as the Impossible Whopper are healthful?


By Cara Rosenbloom September 9, 2019 


With many American consumers interested in reducing their consumption of animal products without becoming vegetarian or vegan, the food industry has come up with a new craze: plant-based. Look around your grocery store, and you’ll see a growing number of dairy, egg and meat substitutes bearing this label.

But the industry has taken liberties with the definition of “plant-based.” Rather than focusing on whole foods such as vegetables, fruits, legumes and nuts, which is what health professionals mean when they recommend “plant-based eating,” food manufacturers are developing ultra-processed burgers out of pea or soy protein, methylcellulose and maltodextrin, and liquid “eggs” out of mung bean protein isolate and gellan gum. Then they crown this ultra-processed food with an undeserved health halo.

(…)

Plant-based ultra-processed products such as these are formulated to taste like the real deal. Thus, consumers can feel virtuous or principled for choosing plants over meat without sacrificing too much flavor. But is there any value to plant-based products that have been crushed, extruded and shaped into facsimiles of the foods they are replacing? Let’s look at that question through several lenses — considering nutrients, how processed the food is and how producing the food affects the planet.

When I was in nutrition school, the health value of food was mostly calculated based on the presence of desirable nutrients, such as fiber and vitamins, and on the absence of negative nutrients, such as sodium or trans fat. If you compare ultra-processed plant-based foods and similar animal-based foods solely on their nutrients, you’ll find they are roughly the same. 

Plant-based foods are purposely formulated to mimic animal-based foods, so plant-based milk is enriched with calcium and vitamin D to mimic cow’s milk, while veggie burgers are rich in protein and made with iron and zinc to imitate beef. But they aren’t always made to reduce the presence of less-healthy nutrients. Sometimes, the processed plant-based food will have more sodium than the processed animal-based food, and sometimes the animal food will be higher in calories or saturated fat.

(…)

Using the term “plant-based” on fast food labels is just another attempt by marketers to re-brand junk food. True plant-based eating doesn’t mean opting for an Impossible Whopper in the drive-through or scrambling up some 15-ingredient “egg alternative.” It means a diet that includes nourishing options such as black beans, broccoli and brown rice. We’re always looking for some magical way to eat junky food and achieve health. Don’t be fooled by this plant-based pretense.

Adapted from the digital edition of The Washington Post: www.washingtonpost.com 



A
Plant-based food is planned to taste exactly like products that contain meat.
B
Flavour doesn’t change a lot from the original, made of meat, and the plantbased food.
C
The nutritional value of food is calculated taking into account the positive, healthy nutrients and the negative, unhealthy nutrients.
D
The presence of sodium, fat and the number of calories are different in plant-based and animal based food.
E
In terms of nutrients, plant-based and animal based are completely different.
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MACKENZIE 2019 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

According to the text, choose the correct alternative:

Read the text below and answer question


Is it really possible that plant-based foods such as the Impossible Whopper are healthful?


By Cara Rosenbloom September 9, 2019 


With many American consumers interested in reducing their consumption of animal products without becoming vegetarian or vegan, the food industry has come up with a new craze: plant-based. Look around your grocery store, and you’ll see a growing number of dairy, egg and meat substitutes bearing this label.

But the industry has taken liberties with the definition of “plant-based.” Rather than focusing on whole foods such as vegetables, fruits, legumes and nuts, which is what health professionals mean when they recommend “plant-based eating,” food manufacturers are developing ultra-processed burgers out of pea or soy protein, methylcellulose and maltodextrin, and liquid “eggs” out of mung bean protein isolate and gellan gum. Then they crown this ultra-processed food with an undeserved health halo.

(…)

Plant-based ultra-processed products such as these are formulated to taste like the real deal. Thus, consumers can feel virtuous or principled for choosing plants over meat without sacrificing too much flavor. But is there any value to plant-based products that have been crushed, extruded and shaped into facsimiles of the foods they are replacing? Let’s look at that question through several lenses — considering nutrients, how processed the food is and how producing the food affects the planet.

When I was in nutrition school, the health value of food was mostly calculated based on the presence of desirable nutrients, such as fiber and vitamins, and on the absence of negative nutrients, such as sodium or trans fat. If you compare ultra-processed plant-based foods and similar animal-based foods solely on their nutrients, you’ll find they are roughly the same. 

Plant-based foods are purposely formulated to mimic animal-based foods, so plant-based milk is enriched with calcium and vitamin D to mimic cow’s milk, while veggie burgers are rich in protein and made with iron and zinc to imitate beef. But they aren’t always made to reduce the presence of less-healthy nutrients. Sometimes, the processed plant-based food will have more sodium than the processed animal-based food, and sometimes the animal food will be higher in calories or saturated fat.

(…)

Using the term “plant-based” on fast food labels is just another attempt by marketers to re-brand junk food. True plant-based eating doesn’t mean opting for an Impossible Whopper in the drive-through or scrambling up some 15-ingredient “egg alternative.” It means a diet that includes nourishing options such as black beans, broccoli and brown rice. We’re always looking for some magical way to eat junky food and achieve health. Don’t be fooled by this plant-based pretense.

Adapted from the digital edition of The Washington Post: www.washingtonpost.com 



A
Many American people are becoming vegetarian and vegan.
B
American industry is producing a lot of healthy products made of real vegetables.
C
According to the industry, “Plant-based”means food produced by using whole food, natural food.
D
“Plant-based”, according to the text, is just ultra-processed food made by peas, soy protein, liquid eggs and other chemicals.
E
Because it is ultra-processed, the industry calls it healthy
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MACKENZIE 2019 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Choose the alternative that best contains the idea of this sentence from the text:


“Using the term “plant-based” on fast food labels is just another attempt by marketers to re-brand junk food.”

Read the text below and answer question


Is it really possible that plant-based foods such as the Impossible Whopper are healthful?


By Cara Rosenbloom September 9, 2019 


With many American consumers interested in reducing their consumption of animal products without becoming vegetarian or vegan, the food industry has come up with a new craze: plant-based. Look around your grocery store, and you’ll see a growing number of dairy, egg and meat substitutes bearing this label.

But the industry has taken liberties with the definition of “plant-based.” Rather than focusing on whole foods such as vegetables, fruits, legumes and nuts, which is what health professionals mean when they recommend “plant-based eating,” food manufacturers are developing ultra-processed burgers out of pea or soy protein, methylcellulose and maltodextrin, and liquid “eggs” out of mung bean protein isolate and gellan gum. Then they crown this ultra-processed food with an undeserved health halo.

(…)

Plant-based ultra-processed products such as these are formulated to taste like the real deal. Thus, consumers can feel virtuous or principled for choosing plants over meat without sacrificing too much flavor. But is there any value to plant-based products that have been crushed, extruded and shaped into facsimiles of the foods they are replacing? Let’s look at that question through several lenses — considering nutrients, how processed the food is and how producing the food affects the planet.

When I was in nutrition school, the health value of food was mostly calculated based on the presence of desirable nutrients, such as fiber and vitamins, and on the absence of negative nutrients, such as sodium or trans fat. If you compare ultra-processed plant-based foods and similar animal-based foods solely on their nutrients, you’ll find they are roughly the same. 

Plant-based foods are purposely formulated to mimic animal-based foods, so plant-based milk is enriched with calcium and vitamin D to mimic cow’s milk, while veggie burgers are rich in protein and made with iron and zinc to imitate beef. But they aren’t always made to reduce the presence of less-healthy nutrients. Sometimes, the processed plant-based food will have more sodium than the processed animal-based food, and sometimes the animal food will be higher in calories or saturated fat.

(…)

Using the term “plant-based” on fast food labels is just another attempt by marketers to re-brand junk food. True plant-based eating doesn’t mean opting for an Impossible Whopper in the drive-through or scrambling up some 15-ingredient “egg alternative.” It means a diet that includes nourishing options such as black beans, broccoli and brown rice. We’re always looking for some magical way to eat junky food and achieve health. Don’t be fooled by this plant-based pretense.

Adapted from the digital edition of The Washington Post: www.washingtonpost.com 



A
Plant-based is just marketing, we are eating junk food.
B
Plant-based is an attempt to offer healthier food.
C
By labeling “plant-based”, marketers are trying to re-brand exactly the same old animal-based food.
D
The term “plant-based” is an attempt to create a synonym of junk food.
E
Industries are trying to create a healthier food to replace junk food.
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MACKENZIE 2019 - Química - Transformações Químicas e Energia, Eletroquímica: Oxirredução, Potenciais Padrão de Redução, Pilha, Eletrólise e Leis de Faraday.

Considerando o processo de oxirredução, não balanceado abaixo equacionado, a soma dos coeficientes para esse processo, levando em conta os menores números inteiros e possíveis, é de


A
26
B
28
C
30
D
32
E
34
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MACKENZIE 2019 - Matemática - Geometria Espacial, Cilindro

Em um recipiente cilíndrico de raio 6 cm e altura 9 cm, completamente cheio de água, foi colocada uma esfera metálica. Assim, observou-se que a esfera ficou totalmente submersa na água, transbordando 36 π cm3 de água. Então, o raio da esfera, em cm, mede

A
2
B
3
C
4
D
5
E
6
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MACKENZIE 2019 - Matemática - Geometria Plana, Ângulos - Lei Angular de Thales

4d967ea048e2ec8612f2.png (297×199)


Na figura acima, CE é paralelo a BA, a medida do ângulo 20.2.png (46×27) é igual a 140º e a medida do ângulo 20.1.png (46×27) é 75º. Então, os ângulos x, y e z medem, respectivamente,

A
75º, 75º e 65º
B

65º, 75º e 65º

C
75º, 65º e 65º
D
65º, 65º e 75º
E
65º, 75º e 75º
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MACKENZIE 2019 - Inglês - Vocabulário | Vocabulary, Sinônimos | Synonyms

Select the alternative that gives the correct meanings for these words from the text:


A – Feature

B – Nearby

C – Environment

Read the text and answer question


How to Make Friends While Traveling Solo

Even in the best cases, traveling alone can get lonely. Here’s how to connect safely with the people you meet along the way.

By Aric Jenkins April 16, 2019

Experiencing another culture on your own terms, at your own pace, with a budget of your own choosing can be an incredibly rewarding and insightful adventure. But while some may find such a journey liberating, others might worry about safety or a period of solitude in a strange, unfamiliar place. Humans, after all, are social animals.
Prospective solo travelers should know that, despite its label, solo travel does not have to mean you’re alone all the time. There are local communities to safely interact with as well as fellow globe-trotters in a similar position.
A 2016 report from travel research company Phocuswright found that a whopping 72 percent of hostel guests in the United States were traveling alone. Airbnb saw similar a trend in its data, with cities like Ho Chi Minh City, Cologne, and Johannesburg experiencing more than a 130 percent increase in individual bookings in 2016.
With solo traveling growing in popularity, it’s clear there are options to socialize with other travelers — it’s just a matter of putting yourself in the right position to do so. Here are some tactics you can use to meet and befriend people abroad, from tried-and-true methods to innovative new apps and technology.
Go on ‘free’ walking tours
The word free is in quotations because, assuming your tour guide is at least half-decent, you should tip them at the end (many earn the majority of their income on commission). But these walking tours can be worth every penny. Not only will the guide give you an informed and hopefully entertaining view of the locale, but you’ll have a chance to interact with other tourists and possibly come away with a new friend.
(…)
Use Airbnb to go on unique experiences hosted by locals
Airbnb may be known more for its lodging arrangements, but it also wants to give you something to do at your destination. Airbnb Experiences connects travelers with local guides who lead guests on paid activities ranging from city tours to bar crawls and hobby and skill classes. Launched in late 2016, Experiences quickly became a popular feature.
Connect with like-minded explorers on social travel apps
Prefer to cut out the middleman and connect directly with other travelers? Try your hand at the crop of social networking apps specifically designed for travel. Travello, free on iOS and Android, allows you to discover other travelers nearby, match itineraries for planned trips and join groups based on similar interests. You can also create a feed by posting photos and updates.
(…)
Stay in hostels
In a world of hospitable hotels and authentic Airbnbs, why do travelers elect to stay in hostels? Two reasons, really: Hostels are cheap and sociable. You’ll find college-esque dormitories with common lounge rooms and kitchens, and sometimes a bar or cafe.
It’s an ideal environment to meet other travelers, and hostel staffs are well aware of this — some will lead city tours or pub crawls designed to foster interaction between hostel mates. Others might host game nights in the common room or arrange family dinners.
(…)
Adapted from the digital edition of The New York Times: www.nytimes.com

A
characteristic, close, surroundings
B
destination, close, location
C
characteristic, close, entertainment
D
application, far, surroundings
E
application, far, location
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MACKENZIE 2019 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Read the comic strip bellow and answer question:


According to the comic strip, choose the best alternative:



A
The lion is angry about the noise.
B
The machines are interrupting the lion’s singing
C
The lion is angry because the forest is not on sale.
D
The lion is worried about paper production.
E
The lion is complaining that the area is not clear.
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MACKENZIE 2019 - Matemática - Progressão Geométrica - PG, Progressões

Se o décimo e o décimo quinto termos de uma progressão geométrica são, respectivamente, 3/512 e 3/16384 , então o vigésimo quinto termo dessa progressão

A
3/16444216
B
3/16555216
C
3/16666216
D
3/16777216
E
3/16888216
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MACKENZIE 2019 - Biologia - Biomas brasileiros, Ecologia e ciências ambientais

Texto referente à questão.

Pesquisadora sobre fogo na Amazônia explica real situação da floresta.


A pesquisadora sênior da Universidade de Oxford, Dra. Erika Berenguer, é uma das maiores referências sobre fogo em florestas tropicais do mundo. Ela relata que um “aspecto importante a ser considerado é que incêndios na floresta amazônica não ocorrem de maneira natural – eles precisam de uma fonte de ignição antrópica. Ao contrário de outros ecossistemas, como o Cerrado, a Amazônia não evoluiu com o fogo e esse não faz parte de sua dinâmica. Isso significa que quando a Amazônia pega fogo, uma parte imensa de suas árvores morrem, porque elas não têm nenhum tipo de proteção ao fogo. Ao morrerem, essas árvores então se decompõem liberando para a atmosfera todo o carbono que elas armazenavam, contribuindo assim para as mudanças climáticas. O problema nisso é que a Amazônia armazena muito carbono nas suas árvores - a floresta inteira estoca o equivalente a 100 anos de emissões de CO2 dos EUA. Então queimar a floresta significa colocar muito CO2 de volta na atmosfera.”


Disponível em: https://ciclovivo.com.br/planeta/meio-ambiente/pesquisadora-fogoamazonia-explica-real-situacao-floresta/ Acesso em 29 set. 2019


Os biomas tropicais reagem de forma diferente ao efeito do fogo. Considerando as informações do texto e o processo de sucessão ecológica, é correto afirmar que

A
a floresta amazônica, comunidade em clímax, tem seu equilíbrio abalado pelas queimadas, e é impedida de prosseguir no processo de sucessão primária em que se encontra.
B
o cerrado possui adaptações ao fogo, como cascas grossas nas árvores e caules subterrâneos no estrato herbáceo e subarbustivo, e inicia rápida sucessão primária após as queimadas.
C
o fogo na floresta amazônica desequilibra o processo de fotossíntese, reduzindo-o, pois aumenta muito a concentração de CO2 na atmosfera.
D
as adaptações do cerrado às queimadas de origem natural ou antrópicas não desencadeiam processos de sucessão ecológica, porque o fogo não induz à substituição de espécies.
E
inicia-se, devido aos efeitos devastadores do fogo na floresta amazônica, um lento processo de sucessão primária. No cerrado, a recuperação se dá por meio da rápida sucessão secundária.