Questõesde UEG sobre Inglês

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a842b428-02
UEG 2017 - Inglês - Vocabulário | Vocabulary, Advérbios e conjunções | Adverbs and conjunctions

Considerando-se o contexto de uso dos termos deliberately, eventually e really, a palavra que completa adequadamente a sentença: post-truth as a concept has _________ been finding its linguistic footing for some time é a seguinte:

Leia com atenção o texto a seguir para responder à questão.

'Post-truth' named word of the year by Oxford Dictionaries

In the era of Donald Trump and Brexit, Oxford Dictionaries has declared “post-truth” to be its international word of the year.

Defined by the dictionary as an adjective “relating to or denoting circumstances in which objective facts are less influential in shaping public opinion than appeals to emotion and personal belief”, editors said that use of the term “post-truth” had increased by around 2,000% in 2016 compared to last year. The spike in usage, it said, is “in the context of the EU referendum in the United Kingdom and the presidential election in the United States”. 

Contenders for the title had included the noun “alt-right”, shortened from the fuller form “alternative right” and defined as “an ideological grouping associated with extreme conservative or reactionary viewpoints, characterised by a rejection of mainstream politics and by the use of online media to disseminate deliberately controversial content”. First used in 2008, its use “surged” this spring and summer, said the dictionary, with 30% of usage in August alone.

But the increase in usage of post-truth saw the term eventually emerge ahead of the pack. “We first saw the frequency really spike this year in June with buzz over the Brexit vote and Donald Trump securing the Republican presidential nomination. Given that usage of the term hasn’t shown any signs of slowing down, I wouldn’t be surprised if post-truth becomes one of the defining words of our time,” predicted Oxford Dictionaries president Casper Grathwohl.

“It’s not surprising that our choice reflects a year dominated by highly-charged political and social discourse. Fuelled by the rise of social media as a news source and a growing distrust of facts offered up by the establishment, post-truth as a concept has been finding its linguistic footing for some time.” 

Disponível em:<https://www.theguardian.com/books/2016/nov/15/post-truth-named-word-of-the-year-by-oxford-dictionaries>.Acesso em: 21 fev. 2017. (Adaptado).
A
unfortunately
B
surprisingly
C
ultimately
D
finally
E
lately
a83f39db-02
UEG 2017 - Inglês - Tempos Verbais | Verb Tenses, Vocabulário | Vocabulary, Passado simples | Simple past, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension, Palavras cognatas | Cognate words

Considerando-se a estrutura linguística do texto, verifica-se que

Leia com atenção o texto a seguir para responder à questão.

'Post-truth' named word of the year by Oxford Dictionaries

In the era of Donald Trump and Brexit, Oxford Dictionaries has declared “post-truth” to be its international word of the year.

Defined by the dictionary as an adjective “relating to or denoting circumstances in which objective facts are less influential in shaping public opinion than appeals to emotion and personal belief”, editors said that use of the term “post-truth” had increased by around 2,000% in 2016 compared to last year. The spike in usage, it said, is “in the context of the EU referendum in the United Kingdom and the presidential election in the United States”. 

Contenders for the title had included the noun “alt-right”, shortened from the fuller form “alternative right” and defined as “an ideological grouping associated with extreme conservative or reactionary viewpoints, characterised by a rejection of mainstream politics and by the use of online media to disseminate deliberately controversial content”. First used in 2008, its use “surged” this spring and summer, said the dictionary, with 30% of usage in August alone.

But the increase in usage of post-truth saw the term eventually emerge ahead of the pack. “We first saw the frequency really spike this year in June with buzz over the Brexit vote and Donald Trump securing the Republican presidential nomination. Given that usage of the term hasn’t shown any signs of slowing down, I wouldn’t be surprised if post-truth becomes one of the defining words of our time,” predicted Oxford Dictionaries president Casper Grathwohl.

“It’s not surprising that our choice reflects a year dominated by highly-charged political and social discourse. Fuelled by the rise of social media as a news source and a growing distrust of facts offered up by the establishment, post-truth as a concept has been finding its linguistic footing for some time.” 

Disponível em:<https://www.theguardian.com/books/2016/nov/15/post-truth-named-word-of-the-year-by-oxford-dictionaries>.Acesso em: 21 fev. 2017. (Adaptado).
A
os vocábulos em destaque em I wouldn’t be surprised if… e It’s not surprising that… são formas de verbos no particípio e passado.
B
a frase “alt-right”, shortened from the fuller form “alternative right” explica o sentido com que o termo “altright” é empregado no contexto em discussão.
C
a ideia oposta a objective facts are less influential than appeals to emotion está expressa em: objective facts are most influential than appeals to emotion.
D
os termos election, alternative, politics, content e dictionary são cognatos, isto é, seus equivalentes em português possuem forma e significado semelhantes.
E
a afirmação editors said that use of the term “post-truth” had increased…, no discurso direto, seria: Editors said, ‘use of the term “post-truth” have increased…’.
a8466d7b-02
UEG 2017 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension


Disponível em: <http://images.ucomics.com/comics/ga/2004/ga040512.gif> Acesso em: 21 fev. 2017.

Considerando-se os aspectos linguísticos da charge, percebe-se que

A
os pares can’t/anything e can/something são empregados, respectivamente, em sentenças no passado e no futuro.
B
no segundo quadrinho os personagens concordam que o esforço para mudar o futuro é válido para ambos.
C
o termo like é usado no segundo e terceiro quadrinhos como verbo que expressa gosto ou preferência.
D

o homem, com sua fala, não consegue persuadir o gato a tomar atitudes que possam mudar o futuro.

E
os personagens refletem sobre ações realizadas no passado e suas implicações para o futuro.
a838666a-02
UEG 2017 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

De acordo com o texto, o termo “pós-verdade”

Leia com atenção o texto a seguir para responder à questão.

'Post-truth' named word of the year by Oxford Dictionaries

In the era of Donald Trump and Brexit, Oxford Dictionaries has declared “post-truth” to be its international word of the year.

Defined by the dictionary as an adjective “relating to or denoting circumstances in which objective facts are less influential in shaping public opinion than appeals to emotion and personal belief”, editors said that use of the term “post-truth” had increased by around 2,000% in 2016 compared to last year. The spike in usage, it said, is “in the context of the EU referendum in the United Kingdom and the presidential election in the United States”. 

Contenders for the title had included the noun “alt-right”, shortened from the fuller form “alternative right” and defined as “an ideological grouping associated with extreme conservative or reactionary viewpoints, characterised by a rejection of mainstream politics and by the use of online media to disseminate deliberately controversial content”. First used in 2008, its use “surged” this spring and summer, said the dictionary, with 30% of usage in August alone.

But the increase in usage of post-truth saw the term eventually emerge ahead of the pack. “We first saw the frequency really spike this year in June with buzz over the Brexit vote and Donald Trump securing the Republican presidential nomination. Given that usage of the term hasn’t shown any signs of slowing down, I wouldn’t be surprised if post-truth becomes one of the defining words of our time,” predicted Oxford Dictionaries president Casper Grathwohl.

“It’s not surprising that our choice reflects a year dominated by highly-charged political and social discourse. Fuelled by the rise of social media as a news source and a growing distrust of facts offered up by the establishment, post-truth as a concept has been finding its linguistic footing for some time.” 

Disponível em:<https://www.theguardian.com/books/2016/nov/15/post-truth-named-word-of-the-year-by-oxford-dictionaries>.Acesso em: 21 fev. 2017. (Adaptado).
A
equivale, em sentido, ao termo “alt-right”.
B
foi usado pela primeira vez no ano de 2016.
C
dissemina discurso político e social na mídia.
D
expressa ideologia conservadora e reacionária.
E
baseia-se mais em crenças do que em fatos reais.
8c7ad466-f8
UEG 2015 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

According to the text, cyberbullying

Leia o texto a seguir para responder à questão.

DEALING WITH CYBERBULLYING

Technology means that bullying is no longer limited to schoolyards or street corners. Cyberbullying can occur anywhere, even at home, via email, texts, cell phones, and social media websites 24 hours a day, seven days a week, with potentially hundreds of people involved. For those who suffer cyberbullying, the effects can be devastating, leaving you feeling hurt, humiliated, angry, depressed, or even suicidal. But no type of bullying should ever be tolerated. 

What is cyberbullying?
Cyberbullying occurs when a child or teen uses the Internet, emails, text messages, instant messaging, social media websites, online forums, chat rooms, or other digital technology to harass, threaten, or humiliate another child or teen. Unlike traditional bullying, cyberbullying doesn't require physical strength or face-to-face contact and isn't limited to just a handful of witnesses at a time. Cyberbullies come in all shapes and sizes – almost anyone with an Internet connection or mobile phone can cyberbully someone else, often without having to reveal their true identity. Cyberbullies can torment their victims 24 hours a day and the bullying can follow the victim anywhere so that no place, not even home, ever feels safe, and with a few clicks the humiliation can be witnessed by hundreds or even thousands of people online.

Tips for kids or teens dealing with cyberbullying
If you are targeted by cyberbullies, it's important not to respond to any messages or posts written about you, no matter how hurtful or untrue. Responding will only make the situation worse and provoking a reaction from you is exactly what the cyberbullies want, so don't give them the satisfaction.
It's also very important that you don't seek revenge on a cyberbully by becoming a cyberbully yourself. Again, it will only make the problem worse and could result in serious legal consequences for you. If you wouldn't say it in person, don't say it online.


Disponível em: <https://www.helpguide.org/articles/abuse/cyberbullying.htm>. acesso em: 17 abr. 2015. (Adaptado).
A
occurs mostly when someone accesses restricted websites.
B
affects people of any age and social class who use the internet.
C
is bound to happen specifically at home and in public schools.
D
can be avoided by not reacting to any hurtful messages or posts.
8c81068e-f8
UEG 2015 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

As informações do infográfico evidenciam que cyberbullying

Leia o texto a seguir para responder à questão.

DEALING WITH CYBERBULLYING

Technology means that bullying is no longer limited to schoolyards or street corners. Cyberbullying can occur anywhere, even at home, via email, texts, cell phones, and social media websites 24 hours a day, seven days a week, with potentially hundreds of people involved. For those who suffer cyberbullying, the effects can be devastating, leaving you feeling hurt, humiliated, angry, depressed, or even suicidal. But no type of bullying should ever be tolerated. 

What is cyberbullying?
Cyberbullying occurs when a child or teen uses the Internet, emails, text messages, instant messaging, social media websites, online forums, chat rooms, or other digital technology to harass, threaten, or humiliate another child or teen. Unlike traditional bullying, cyberbullying doesn't require physical strength or face-to-face contact and isn't limited to just a handful of witnesses at a time. Cyberbullies come in all shapes and sizes – almost anyone with an Internet connection or mobile phone can cyberbully someone else, often without having to reveal their true identity. Cyberbullies can torment their victims 24 hours a day and the bullying can follow the victim anywhere so that no place, not even home, ever feels safe, and with a few clicks the humiliation can be witnessed by hundreds or even thousands of people online.

Tips for kids or teens dealing with cyberbullying
If you are targeted by cyberbullies, it's important not to respond to any messages or posts written about you, no matter how hurtful or untrue. Responding will only make the situation worse and provoking a reaction from you is exactly what the cyberbullies want, so don't give them the satisfaction.
It's also very important that you don't seek revenge on a cyberbully by becoming a cyberbully yourself. Again, it will only make the problem worse and could result in serious legal consequences for you. If you wouldn't say it in person, don't say it online.


Disponível em: <https://www.helpguide.org/articles/abuse/cyberbullying.htm>. acesso em: 17 abr. 2015. (Adaptado).
A
acontece quando alguém espalha boatos mentirosos sobre a vítima por meio eletrônico.
B
caracteriza-se como qualquer ameaça feita por meio eletrônico a alguém que se quer humilhar.
C
ocorre quando alguém pretende obter e usar informações pessoais da vítima disponíveis online.
D
pode se manifestar por meio de mensagens eletrônicas de texto divulgadas em redes sociais.
8c8812c7-f8
UEG 2015 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Analise os aspectos verbais e não verbais do texto a seguir.


Disponível em:<https://buzzle.com/articles/how-to-deal-with-cyberbullying.html> . Acesso em: 17 abr. 2015.

De acordo com a ilustração e a parte verbal do texto,

A
a mensagem é direcionada a pessoas que enfrentam problemas relacionados à falta de habilidades técnicas para lidar com o computador portátil.
B
as orientações a quem sofre ofensas veiculadas por meio eletrônico constam de quatro passos a serem seguidos sequencialmente.
C
o enunciado “Don’t be scared” encontra-se no modo imperativo e refere-se a uma ordem a quem pratica atos ofensivos pela internet.
D
a pergunta e o primeiro conselho podem ser assim expressos: If you feel in trouble, you should first prepare your evidence.
8c843493-f8
UEG 2015 - Inglês - Sinônimos | Synonyms, Voz Ativa e Passiva | Passive and Active Voice, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension, Palavras conectivas | Connective words

Considerando os aspectos estruturais do texto, observa-se que

Leia o texto a seguir para responder à questão.

DEALING WITH CYBERBULLYING

Technology means that bullying is no longer limited to schoolyards or street corners. Cyberbullying can occur anywhere, even at home, via email, texts, cell phones, and social media websites 24 hours a day, seven days a week, with potentially hundreds of people involved. For those who suffer cyberbullying, the effects can be devastating, leaving you feeling hurt, humiliated, angry, depressed, or even suicidal. But no type of bullying should ever be tolerated. 

What is cyberbullying?
Cyberbullying occurs when a child or teen uses the Internet, emails, text messages, instant messaging, social media websites, online forums, chat rooms, or other digital technology to harass, threaten, or humiliate another child or teen. Unlike traditional bullying, cyberbullying doesn't require physical strength or face-to-face contact and isn't limited to just a handful of witnesses at a time. Cyberbullies come in all shapes and sizes – almost anyone with an Internet connection or mobile phone can cyberbully someone else, often without having to reveal their true identity. Cyberbullies can torment their victims 24 hours a day and the bullying can follow the victim anywhere so that no place, not even home, ever feels safe, and with a few clicks the humiliation can be witnessed by hundreds or even thousands of people online.

Tips for kids or teens dealing with cyberbullying
If you are targeted by cyberbullies, it's important not to respond to any messages or posts written about you, no matter how hurtful or untrue. Responding will only make the situation worse and provoking a reaction from you is exactly what the cyberbullies want, so don't give them the satisfaction.
It's also very important that you don't seek revenge on a cyberbully by becoming a cyberbully yourself. Again, it will only make the problem worse and could result in serious legal consequences for you. If you wouldn't say it in person, don't say it online.


Disponível em: <https://www.helpguide.org/articles/abuse/cyberbullying.htm>. acesso em: 17 abr. 2015. (Adaptado).
A
a afirmação “no type of bullying should ever be tolerated”, expressa na voz ativa, seria: noboby should never tolerate bullying.
B
na oração “Unlike traditional bullying” o termo em destaque indica exclusão e, portanto, pode ser substituído por Dislike.
C
as sentenças “bullying is no longer limited to schoolyards” e bullying is not limited to schoolyards anymore têm o mesmo sentido.
D
a pergunta adequada à resposta “Cyberbullies come in all shapes and sizes” pode ser: Where can cyberbullies come from?
bb2dd643-f7
UEG 2016 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Observe uma cobrança a seguir e responda à questão.






De acordo com a acusação, o termo “cristão” 







A
is a religious reference adopted by political and religious mass leaders for gathering followers during their representative status of leadership.
B
is a metaphor which expresses religious aptitudes taken by both characters, the man in a suit on one side and the man in white clothes on the other side.
C
is related to the illegal mexicans which are leaving the United States of America because they are not christians and they are not welcome there.
D
is a reference to the “prejudice” denoted by the religious man upon the man on the black suit because he doesn´t look humble and peaceful.
E
is an irony applied on both characters, criticizing some aptitudes taken by them which do not reveal the religious principles followed by christians.
bb27e503-f7
UEG 2016 - Inglês - Tradução | Translation

Em termos de sentido, verifica-se que

Leia o texto a seguir para responder à questão.


The Internet of Things


   The “Internet of Things” (IoT) is becoming an increasingly growing topic of conversation both in the workplace and outside of it. It’s a concept that not only has the potential to impact how we live but also how we work. But what exactly is the “Internet of Things” and what impact is it going to have on you, if any? There are a lot of complexities around the “Internet of Things” but we want to stick to the basics. Lots of technical and policyrelated conversations are being had but many people are still just trying to grasp the foundation of what the heck these conversations are about.

  Let’s start with understanding a few things. 

  Broadband Internet is becoming more widely available, the cost of connecting is decreasing, more devices are being created with Wi-Fi capabilities and sensors built into them, technology costs are going down, and smartphone penetration is sky-rocketing. All of these things are creating a “perfect storm” for the IoT.

  So What Is The Internet of Things?  

Simply put, this is the concept of basically connecting any device with an on and off switch to the Internet (and/or to each other). This includes everything from cellphones, coffee makers, washing machines, headphones, lamps, wearable devices and almost anything else you can think of.

  So what now?

  The new rule for the future is going to be, “Anything that can be connected, will be connected.”







A
em smartphone penetration is sky-rocketing, a expressão “sky rocketing” significa “fora da atmosfera”.
B
em broadband internet, o vocábulo “broadband” pode ser compreendido como “rede social”.
C
to stick to the basics pode ser compreendido na língua portuguesa como “manter o básico”.
D
wearable device, na língua portuguesa, pode ser traduzido como “dispositivo de proteção”.
E
to grasp the foundation pode ser traduzido para o português como “criar uma fundação”.
bb2ac026-f7
UEG 2016 - Inglês - Tempos Verbais | Verb Tenses, Vocabulário | Vocabulary, Verbos modais | Modal verbs, Substantivos: definição e tipos | Nouns: definition and types, Substantivos contáveis e incontáveis | Countable and uncountable, Voz Ativa e Passiva | Passive and Active Voice

Analisando-se os aspectos estruturais do texto, verifica-se que

Leia o texto a seguir para responder à questão.


The Internet of Things


   The “Internet of Things” (IoT) is becoming an increasingly growing topic of conversation both in the workplace and outside of it. It’s a concept that not only has the potential to impact how we live but also how we work. But what exactly is the “Internet of Things” and what impact is it going to have on you, if any? There are a lot of complexities around the “Internet of Things” but we want to stick to the basics. Lots of technical and policyrelated conversations are being had but many people are still just trying to grasp the foundation of what the heck these conversations are about.

  Let’s start with understanding a few things. 

  Broadband Internet is becoming more widely available, the cost of connecting is decreasing, more devices are being created with Wi-Fi capabilities and sensors built into them, technology costs are going down, and smartphone penetration is sky-rocketing. All of these things are creating a “perfect storm” for the IoT.

  So What Is The Internet of Things?  

Simply put, this is the concept of basically connecting any device with an on and off switch to the Internet (and/or to each other). This includes everything from cellphones, coffee makers, washing machines, headphones, lamps, wearable devices and almost anything else you can think of.

  So what now?

  The new rule for the future is going to be, “Anything that can be connected, will be connected.”







A
a sentença more devices are being created encontra-se na voz passiva. Na voz ativa seria “They create many more devices”.
B
a sentença technology costs are going down, na forma negativa, seria “technology costs be not going down”.
C
na sentença Let’s start with understanding a few things, o termo “Let´s” é composto pela contração dos vocábulos “Let” e “is”.
D
na sentença Anything that can be connected, o modal “can” apresenta a ideia de possibilidade de ocorrência.
E
na sentença many people are still just trying, o termo “many” pode ser substituído pelo vocábulo “much”, sem alteração de sentido.
bb23fb27-f7
UEG 2016 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Considering the text, the Internet of Things(IoT) is

Leia o texto a seguir para responder à questão.


The Internet of Things


   The “Internet of Things” (IoT) is becoming an increasingly growing topic of conversation both in the workplace and outside of it. It’s a concept that not only has the potential to impact how we live but also how we work. But what exactly is the “Internet of Things” and what impact is it going to have on you, if any? There are a lot of complexities around the “Internet of Things” but we want to stick to the basics. Lots of technical and policyrelated conversations are being had but many people are still just trying to grasp the foundation of what the heck these conversations are about.

  Let’s start with understanding a few things. 

  Broadband Internet is becoming more widely available, the cost of connecting is decreasing, more devices are being created with Wi-Fi capabilities and sensors built into them, technology costs are going down, and smartphone penetration is sky-rocketing. All of these things are creating a “perfect storm” for the IoT.

  So What Is The Internet of Things?  

Simply put, this is the concept of basically connecting any device with an on and off switch to the Internet (and/or to each other). This includes everything from cellphones, coffee makers, washing machines, headphones, lamps, wearable devices and almost anything else you can think of.

  So what now?

  The new rule for the future is going to be, “Anything that can be connected, will be connected.”







A
a new tendency which is going to impact labor aptitudes promoting innovations and new technologies to improve internet and smartphones.
B
an international agreement in which the countries are going to install broadband internet through cheaper technology instrument costs.
C
developing an interest in order to offer Wi-Fi connection availability because it has been needed by many devices in a sort of different places.
D
modifying our life and how domestic appliances have been developed to be linked to the broadband internet through new technologies.
E
demonstrating that a large sort of things will, in the future, involve the use of wireless electronic equipments at home and work.
212c96c6-f7
UEG 2015 - Inglês - Tempos Verbais | Verb Tenses, Orações Relativas e pronomes relativos | Relative clauses and relative pronouns, Presente perfeito progressivo | Present perfect continuous, Verbos modais | Modal verbs, Voz Ativa e Passiva | Passive and Active Voice, Pronomes | Pronouns

Considerando os aspectos estruturais do texto, tem-se o seguinte:

Leia o texto a seguir para responder à questão.

 

Migrant or Refugee? There Is a Difference, With Legal Implications

 

In the first half of this year alone, at least 137,000 men, women and children crossed the Mediterranean Sea to reach the shores of Europe, according to the United Nations. Thousands are traveling across the Balkans now. However, are they refugee or migrants? Does it make any difference? In search for these answers, let’s read the interview.

 

Q. Does it matter what you call them?

A. Yes. The terms “migrant” and “refugee” are sometimes used interchangeably, but there is a crucial legal difference between the two.

 

Q. Who is a refugee?

A. Briefly, a refugee is a person who has fled his or her country to escape war or persecution, and can prove it.

 

Q. What does the distinction mean for European countries?

A. Refugees are entitled to basic protections under the 1951 convention and other international agreements. Once in Europe, refugees can apply for political asylum or another protected status, sometimes temporary. By law, refugees cannot be sent back to countries where their lives would be in danger. “One of the most fundamental principles laid down in international law is that refugees should not be expelled or returned to situations where their life and freedom would be under threat,” the refugee agency said in a statement on Thursday.

 

Q. Who is a migrant?

A. Anyone moving from one country to another is considered a migrant unless he or she is specifically fleeing war or persecution. Migrants may be fleeing dire poverty, or may be well-off and merely seeking better opportunities, or may be migrating to join relatives who have gone before them. There is an emerging debate about whether migrants fleeing their homes because of the effects of climate change – the desertification of the Sahel region, for example, or the sinking of coastal islands in Bangladesh – ought to be reclassified as refugees.

 

Q. Are migrants treated differently from refugees?

A. Countries are free to deport migrants who arrive without legal papers, which they cannot do with refugees under the 1951 convention. So it is not surprising that many politicians in Europe prefer to refer to everyone fleeing to the continent as migrants.

 

Disponível em: <https://www.nytimes.com/2015/08/28/world/migrants-refugees-europe-syria.html?_r=0>.  Acesso em: 15 set. 2015.


A
A sentença “refugees cannot be sent back to countries where their lives would be in danger”, na voz ativa, seria: They could not send refugees back to countries where their lives will be in danger.
B
A sentença “Thousands are traveling across the Balkans now”, no tempo present perfect continuous, poderia ser assim expressa: Thousands have been traveling across the Balkans lately.
C
O modal “may” é usado nas sequências “…may be fleeing dire poverty”, “…may be well-off” e “…may be migrating to join relatives”, indicando possibilidade futura.
D
O termo em destaque em “...which they cannot do with refugees under the 1951 convention”, no texto, é um pronome relativo que se refere a “legal papers”.
21296f72-f7
UEG 2015 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

The 1951 convention seeks to legally protect

Leia o texto a seguir para responder à questão.

 

Migrant or Refugee? There Is a Difference, With Legal Implications

 

In the first half of this year alone, at least 137,000 men, women and children crossed the Mediterranean Sea to reach the shores of Europe, according to the United Nations. Thousands are traveling across the Balkans now. However, are they refugee or migrants? Does it make any difference? In search for these answers, let’s read the interview.

 

Q. Does it matter what you call them?

A. Yes. The terms “migrant” and “refugee” are sometimes used interchangeably, but there is a crucial legal difference between the two.

 

Q. Who is a refugee?

A. Briefly, a refugee is a person who has fled his or her country to escape war or persecution, and can prove it.

 

Q. What does the distinction mean for European countries?

A. Refugees are entitled to basic protections under the 1951 convention and other international agreements. Once in Europe, refugees can apply for political asylum or another protected status, sometimes temporary. By law, refugees cannot be sent back to countries where their lives would be in danger. “One of the most fundamental principles laid down in international law is that refugees should not be expelled or returned to situations where their life and freedom would be under threat,” the refugee agency said in a statement on Thursday.

 

Q. Who is a migrant?

A. Anyone moving from one country to another is considered a migrant unless he or she is specifically fleeing war or persecution. Migrants may be fleeing dire poverty, or may be well-off and merely seeking better opportunities, or may be migrating to join relatives who have gone before them. There is an emerging debate about whether migrants fleeing their homes because of the effects of climate change – the desertification of the Sahel region, for example, or the sinking of coastal islands in Bangladesh – ought to be reclassified as refugees.

 

Q. Are migrants treated differently from refugees?

A. Countries are free to deport migrants who arrive without legal papers, which they cannot do with refugees under the 1951 convention. So it is not surprising that many politicians in Europe prefer to refer to everyone fleeing to the continent as migrants.

 

Disponível em: <https://www.nytimes.com/2015/08/28/world/migrants-refugees-europe-syria.html?_r=0>.  Acesso em: 15 set. 2015.


A
migrants and refugees no matter if they have documents to prove their condition.
B
migrants who are trying to escape situations of extreme poverty in their countries.
C
refugees who call for political asylum in a new country due to threatening situations.
D
refugees who have been expelled from countries where their lives were under threat.
212fda26-f7
UEG 2015 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Analise o texto a seguir.



Disponível em: <https://pt.slideshare.net/oxblondieox98/human-diversity-in-education-11433320>. Acesso: 15 set. 2015.


According to the ideas expressed in the text

A
there are many more learning possibilities in a heterogeneous school environment.
B
homogeneity in education is responsible for a more creative learning environment.
C
the amount of questions asked in a class measures the ignorance of the students.
D
educating people is similar to industrializing milk, so homogeneity is necessary.
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UEG 2015 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

According to the text, the terms refugee and migrant

Leia o texto a seguir para responder à questão.

 

Migrant or Refugee? There Is a Difference, With Legal Implications

 

In the first half of this year alone, at least 137,000 men, women and children crossed the Mediterranean Sea to reach the shores of Europe, according to the United Nations. Thousands are traveling across the Balkans now. However, are they refugee or migrants? Does it make any difference? In search for these answers, let’s read the interview.

 

Q. Does it matter what you call them?

A. Yes. The terms “migrant” and “refugee” are sometimes used interchangeably, but there is a crucial legal difference between the two.

 

Q. Who is a refugee?

A. Briefly, a refugee is a person who has fled his or her country to escape war or persecution, and can prove it.

 

Q. What does the distinction mean for European countries?

A. Refugees are entitled to basic protections under the 1951 convention and other international agreements. Once in Europe, refugees can apply for political asylum or another protected status, sometimes temporary. By law, refugees cannot be sent back to countries where their lives would be in danger. “One of the most fundamental principles laid down in international law is that refugees should not be expelled or returned to situations where their life and freedom would be under threat,” the refugee agency said in a statement on Thursday.

 

Q. Who is a migrant?

A. Anyone moving from one country to another is considered a migrant unless he or she is specifically fleeing war or persecution. Migrants may be fleeing dire poverty, or may be well-off and merely seeking better opportunities, or may be migrating to join relatives who have gone before them. There is an emerging debate about whether migrants fleeing their homes because of the effects of climate change – the desertification of the Sahel region, for example, or the sinking of coastal islands in Bangladesh – ought to be reclassified as refugees.

 

Q. Are migrants treated differently from refugees?

A. Countries are free to deport migrants who arrive without legal papers, which they cannot do with refugees under the 1951 convention. So it is not surprising that many politicians in Europe prefer to refer to everyone fleeing to the continent as migrants.

 

Disponível em: <https://www.nytimes.com/2015/08/28/world/migrants-refugees-europe-syria.html?_r=0>.  Acesso em: 15 set. 2015.


A
are used to refer to any people who leave their country in search for better opportunities.
B
cannot be taken as synonyms since refugee does not have social and political aspects.
C
are opposed to each other in economic contexts, but interchangeable in legal contexts.
D
cannot be applied in the same sense without social and political implications.
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UEG 2017 - Inglês - Prefixos e sufixos | Prefixes and suffixes, Pronome demonstrativo | Demonstrative pronoun, Aspectos linguísticos | Linguistic aspects, Sinônimos | Synonyms, Tag questions, Pronomes | Pronouns

Analisando-se aspectos linguísticos e estruturais do texto, constata-se que

The true potential of technology to change behavior


    Technology could successfully change behaviours where decades of campaigns and legislation have failed. With the quantified self already walking among us and the internet of things within easy reach, digital technology is creating unprecedented opportunities to encourage, enable and empower more sustainable behaviours.

     If we are to unlock the power of technology we must be more ambitious than simply digitising analogue strategies or creating another communications channel.

    The true potential of technology lies in its ability to do things that nothing else can do. In behaviour change terms, the potential to succeed where decades of education programmes, awareness campaigns and product innovation have failed; to make a difference where government policy and legislation has had limited impact.

    Using behavioural insights, it is possible to highlight the bottlenecks, drop out points and achilles heels of traditional behaviour change efforts — the reasons why we have failed in the past — and apply the unique possibilities of technology to these specific challenges.

    Overcoming our limitations

    Luckily, the history of the human race is almost defined by its ability to invent stuff that bolsters its feeble capabilities. That stuff is, of course, what we generically refer to as 'technology'. And in the same way that the internal combustion engine and the light bulb allow us to overcome our relatively feeble powers of motion and perception, so digital technology can be directed to overcoming our relatively feeble powers of reasoning, selfcontrol, motivation, self-awareness and agency—the factors that make behaviour change so difficult.

    Herein lies the true potential of technology: not in the laboratory or the workshop, but in an understanding of the behavioural dynamics that define the human condition, both generally and within the context of a specific user-group, market segment or community.

Fonte: JOHNSON, Steven. Recognising the true potential of technology to change behaviour. Disponível em:<https://www.theguardian.com/sustainablebusiness/behavioural-insights/true-potential-technology-change-behaviour> . Acesso em: 23 ago. 2017. (Adaptado). 

A
os vocábulos successfully e unprecedented são ambos constituídos por prefixação em sua estrutura composional.
B
a sentence legislation has had limited impact na forma negativa apresenta-se como “legislation hasn´t had limited impact”.
C
a sentença campaigns and legislation have failed na forma interrogativa seria “Do campaigns and legislation has failed?”
D
o termo could, em Technology could successfully change behaviours, pode ser substituído por “should”, sem alteração de sentido.
E
o vocábulo that, na sentença the factors that make behaviour change so difficult, exerce a função de pronome demonstrativo.
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UEG 2017 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Considering the ideas expressed in the text, technology

The true potential of technology to change behavior


    Technology could successfully change behaviours where decades of campaigns and legislation have failed. With the quantified self already walking among us and the internet of things within easy reach, digital technology is creating unprecedented opportunities to encourage, enable and empower more sustainable behaviours.

     If we are to unlock the power of technology we must be more ambitious than simply digitising analogue strategies or creating another communications channel.

    The true potential of technology lies in its ability to do things that nothing else can do. In behaviour change terms, the potential to succeed where decades of education programmes, awareness campaigns and product innovation have failed; to make a difference where government policy and legislation has had limited impact.

    Using behavioural insights, it is possible to highlight the bottlenecks, drop out points and achilles heels of traditional behaviour change efforts — the reasons why we have failed in the past — and apply the unique possibilities of technology to these specific challenges.

    Overcoming our limitations

    Luckily, the history of the human race is almost defined by its ability to invent stuff that bolsters its feeble capabilities. That stuff is, of course, what we generically refer to as 'technology'. And in the same way that the internal combustion engine and the light bulb allow us to overcome our relatively feeble powers of motion and perception, so digital technology can be directed to overcoming our relatively feeble powers of reasoning, selfcontrol, motivation, self-awareness and agency—the factors that make behaviour change so difficult.

    Herein lies the true potential of technology: not in the laboratory or the workshop, but in an understanding of the behavioural dynamics that define the human condition, both generally and within the context of a specific user-group, market segment or community.

Fonte: JOHNSON, Steven. Recognising the true potential of technology to change behaviour. Disponível em:<https://www.theguardian.com/sustainablebusiness/behavioural-insights/true-potential-technology-change-behaviour> . Acesso em: 23 ago. 2017. (Adaptado). 

A
has a huge power to unlock distinguished communication channels between companies and consumer society.
B
advances in every decade as a successfully result of the great amount of the campaigns and legislation dedicated to it.
C
is a historic element which has always been directing human beings, in order to help them find ways to make life easier.
D
has been a powerful and potential tool to change things which society hasn´t been able to overcome along the decades.
E
is changing its technological characteristics according human beings have been changing theirs behavioural aspects.
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UEG 2019 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension, Tradução | Translation

Considerando os aspectos semânticos presentes no texto, verifica-se que a construção

This is how UN scientists are preparing for the end of capitalism


           Capitalism as we know it is over. So suggests a new report commissioned by a group of scientists appointed by the UN secretary general. The main reason? We’re transitioning rapidly to a radically different global economy, due to our increasingly unsustainable exploitation of the planet’s environmental resources and the shift to less efficient energy sources .
    Climate change and species extinctions are accelerating even as societies are experiencing rising inequality, unemployment, slow economic growth, rising debt levels, and impotent governments. Contrary to the way policymakers usually think about these problems these are not really separate crises at all.
        These crises are part of the same fundamental transition. The new era is characterized by inefficient fossil fuel production and escalating costs of climate change. Conventional capitalist economic thinking can no longer explain, predict or solve the workings of the global economy in this new age.

Energy shift

       Those are the implications of a new background paper prepared by a team of Finnish biophysicists who were asked to provide research that would feed into the drafting of the UN Global Sustainable Development Report (GSDR), which will be released in 2019.
          For the “first time in human history”, the paper says, capitalist economies are “shifting to energy sources that are less energy efficient.” Producing usable energy (“exergy”) to keep powering “both basic and non-basic human activities” in industrial civilisation “will require more, not less, effort”.
        At the same time, our hunger for energy is driving what the paper refers to as “sink costs.” The greater our energy and material use, the more waste we generate, and so the greater the environmental costs. Though they can be ignored for a while, eventually those environmental costs translate directly into economic costs as it becomes more and more difficult to ignore their impacts on our societies.
         Overall, the amount of energy we can extract, compared to the energy we are using to extract it, is decreasing across the spectrum – unconventional oils, nuclear and renewables return less energy in generation than conventional oils, whose production has peaked – and societies need to abandon fossil fuels because of their impact on the climate.
         Whether or not this system still comprises a form of capitalism is ultimately a semantic question. It depends on how you define capitalism.
          Economic activity is driven by meaning – maintaining equal possibilities for the good life while lowering emissions dramatically – rather than profit, and the meaning is politically, collectively constructed. Well, this is the best conceivable case in terms of modern state and market institutions. It can’t happen without considerable reframing of economic-political thinking, in short words: rethinking capitalism as it is nowadays.



Disponível em: <https://www.independent.co.uk/news/long_reads/capitalism-un-scientists-preparing-end-fossil-fuels-warning-demise-a8523856.html>. Acesso em: 12 mar. 2019. (Adaptado).

A
feed into the drafting, em língua portuguesa, pode ser compreendida como “auxiliar na elaboração”.
B
production has peaked, em português, pode ser compreendida como “a produção tem aumentado”.
C
slow economic growth pode ser compreendida em português como “crescimento econômico regular”.
D
across the spectrum, em língua portuguesa, pode ser compreendida como “em todos os aspectos”.
E
sink costs pode ser compreendida, em língua portuguesa, como “custos operacionais”.
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UEG 2019 - Inglês - Aspectos linguísticos | Linguistic aspects

Considerando os aspectos linguísticos e estruturais presentes no texto, constata-se que

This is how UN scientists are preparing for the end of capitalism


           Capitalism as we know it is over. So suggests a new report commissioned by a group of scientists appointed by the UN secretary general. The main reason? We’re transitioning rapidly to a radically different global economy, due to our increasingly unsustainable exploitation of the planet’s environmental resources and the shift to less efficient energy sources .
    Climate change and species extinctions are accelerating even as societies are experiencing rising inequality, unemployment, slow economic growth, rising debt levels, and impotent governments. Contrary to the way policymakers usually think about these problems these are not really separate crises at all.
        These crises are part of the same fundamental transition. The new era is characterized by inefficient fossil fuel production and escalating costs of climate change. Conventional capitalist economic thinking can no longer explain, predict or solve the workings of the global economy in this new age.

Energy shift

       Those are the implications of a new background paper prepared by a team of Finnish biophysicists who were asked to provide research that would feed into the drafting of the UN Global Sustainable Development Report (GSDR), which will be released in 2019.
          For the “first time in human history”, the paper says, capitalist economies are “shifting to energy sources that are less energy efficient.” Producing usable energy (“exergy”) to keep powering “both basic and non-basic human activities” in industrial civilisation “will require more, not less, effort”.
        At the same time, our hunger for energy is driving what the paper refers to as “sink costs.” The greater our energy and material use, the more waste we generate, and so the greater the environmental costs. Though they can be ignored for a while, eventually those environmental costs translate directly into economic costs as it becomes more and more difficult to ignore their impacts on our societies.
         Overall, the amount of energy we can extract, compared to the energy we are using to extract it, is decreasing across the spectrum – unconventional oils, nuclear and renewables return less energy in generation than conventional oils, whose production has peaked – and societies need to abandon fossil fuels because of their impact on the climate.
         Whether or not this system still comprises a form of capitalism is ultimately a semantic question. It depends on how you define capitalism.
          Economic activity is driven by meaning – maintaining equal possibilities for the good life while lowering emissions dramatically – rather than profit, and the meaning is politically, collectively constructed. Well, this is the best conceivable case in terms of modern state and market institutions. It can’t happen without considerable reframing of economic-political thinking, in short words: rethinking capitalism as it is nowadays.



Disponível em: <https://www.independent.co.uk/news/long_reads/capitalism-un-scientists-preparing-end-fossil-fuels-warning-demise-a8523856.html>. Acesso em: 12 mar. 2019. (Adaptado).

A
a sentença It depends on how you define capitalism, na forma interrogativa seria “Does it depends on how do you define capitalism?”
B
em Though they can be ignored, o vocábulo “though” pode ser substituído pelo termo “through” sem alterar o sentido na sentença.
C
na sentença societies are experiencing rising inequality, os termos “experiencing” e “rising” são verbos e estão função de gerúndio.
D
a sentença societies need to abandon fossil fuels, na forma negativa seria “societies don´t need to abandon fossil fuels”.
E
na sentença unconventional oils, nuclear and renewables, os termos “unconventional” e “renewables” são advérbios de modo.