Questõessobre Orações Relativas e pronomes relativos | Relative clauses and relative pronouns

Foram encontradas 23 questões

UECE 2021 - Inglês - Orações Relativas e pronomes relativos | Relative clauses and relative pronouns, Pronomes | Pronouns

The passages “Developing countries, and the youth strike protesters who have taken to the streets around the world, point out” (lines 34-37) and “These new findings reinforce our 2019 analysis which showed that today’s children will need to emit eight times less CO2 over the course of their lifetime than their grandparents” (lines 62-67) contain relative clauses that are respectively

https://www.theguardian.com/environment/ 2021/sep/27/

defining and non-defining.

non-defining and non-defining.

non-defining and defining.

defining and defining.

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The underlined word in ‘One truth of logic is the validity of the so-called contrapositive, which says simply that if the statement…’ can be correctly classified as a:

Opportunity Cost

This phenomenon goes by the name of ‘opportunity cost,’ since by not investing in more equipment and a more rigid production flow, the company is forgoing the opportunity to earn increased profits. These costs are every bite as real as the payment of dollars out-of-pocket.

This notion _______ opportunity cost can be reinforced _________ a famous saying ______ Benjamin Franklin, no slouch himself _________ operations management. To make the point, however, we must make a brief excursion into logic. One truth of logic is the validity of the so-called contrapositive, which says simply that if the statement “If A, then B” is true, then it is also true that “If not B, then not A.” That is, of every time A occurs B follows, then we can be sure that if B does not occur, then A did not occur as well. Enough logic then, and back to Ben Franklin.

One of his Poor Richard sayings is that “A penny saved is a penny earned.” We have all recognized the truth of that since childhood, but I assert that by this saying Ben showed us he knows everything about opportunity cost. After all, what is the contrapositive of “A penny not earned is a penny not saved (i.e., a penny sent). All we are saying by this notion of opportunity cost is that “a penny not earned (an opportunity forgone) is a penny spent.” We shall often have occasion to consider opportunity costs, in analyzing and deciding various operations issues.

SCHMENNER, Roger W. Production/Operations Management. 5th Edition. Prentice-Hall, 1993.

question word.

relative pronoun.

reflexive pronoun.

personal pronoun.

possessive pronoun.

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UFRGS 2019 - Inglês - Orações Relativas e pronomes relativos | Relative clauses and relative pronouns, Pronomes | Pronouns

Considere as seguintes afirmações acerca do texto.

I - A palavra who (l. 49) poderia ser substituída por that, sem prejuízo da correção gramatical e do significado original do texto.
II - A palavra what (l. 52) poderia ser substituída por which, sem prejuízo da correção gramatical e do significado original do texto.
III- As palavras whom (l. 56) e them (l. 57) referem-se à mesma palavra.

Quais estão corretas?

Instrução: A questão está relacionada ao texto abaixo.

Adaptado de: MUNRO, Alice. Chance.

In: Runaway. London: Vintage, 2013. p. 52-53.

Apenas I.

Apenas II.

Apenas III.

Apenas I e III.

I, II e III.

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Considerando os aspectos estruturais do texto, tem-se o seguinte:

Leia o texto a seguir para responder à questão.

Migrant or Refugee? There Is a Difference, With Legal Implications

In the first half of this year alone, at least 137,000 men, women and children crossed the Mediterranean Sea to reach the shores of Europe, according to the United Nations. Thousands are traveling across the Balkans now. However, are they refugee or migrants? Does it make any difference? In search for these answers, let’s read the interview.

Q. Does it matter what you call them?

A. Yes. The terms “migrant” and “refugee” are sometimes used interchangeably, but there is a crucial legal difference between the two.

Q. Who is a refugee?

A. Briefly, a refugee is a person who has fled his or her country to escape war or persecution, and can prove it.

Q. What does the distinction mean for European countries?

A. Refugees are entitled to basic protections under the 1951 convention and other international agreements. Once in Europe, refugees can apply for political asylum or another protected status, sometimes temporary. By law, refugees cannot be sent back to countries where their lives would be in danger. “One of the most fundamental principles laid down in international law is that refugees should not be expelled or returned to situations where their life and freedom would be under threat,” the refugee agency said in a statement on Thursday.

Q. Who is a migrant?

A. Anyone moving from one country to another is considered a migrant unless he or she is specifically fleeing war or persecution. Migrants may be fleeing dire poverty, or may be well-off and merely seeking better opportunities, or may be migrating to join relatives who have gone before them. There is an emerging debate about whether migrants fleeing their homes because of the effects of climate change – the desertification of the Sahel region, for example, or the sinking of coastal islands in Bangladesh – ought to be reclassified as refugees.

Q. Are migrants treated differently from refugees?

A. Countries are free to deport migrants who arrive without legal papers, which they cannot do with refugees under the 1951 convention. So it is not surprising that many politicians in Europe prefer to refer to everyone fleeing to the continent as migrants.

Disponível em: <https://www.nytimes.com/2015/08/28/world/migrants-refugees-europe-syria.html?_r=0>. Acesso em: 15 set. 2015.

A sentença “refugees cannot be sent back to countries where their lives would be in danger”, na voz ativa, seria: They could not send refugees back to countries where their lives will be in danger.

A sentença “Thousands are traveling across the Balkans now”, no tempo present perfect continuous, poderia ser assim expressa: Thousands have been traveling across the Balkans lately.

O modal “may” é usado nas sequências “…may be fleeing dire poverty”, “…may be well-off” e “…may be migrating to join relatives”, indicando possibilidade futura.

O termo em destaque em “...which they cannot do with refugees under the 1951 convention”, no texto, é um pronome relativo que se refere a “legal papers”.

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UECE 2018 - Inglês - Orações Relativas e pronomes relativos | Relative clauses and relative pronouns, Pronomes | Pronouns

The sentences “...it still offers a different and valuable vantage point — especially for readers who like to keep an eye on the life as well as the art” (lines 63-66) and “The gentle romantic blossomed into a wicked ironist whose authorial intrusions, jump cuts and sheer mischief influenced American experimentalists like John Barth and Donald Barthelme” (lines 51-56) contain, respectively, relative clauses which are

defining and defining.

defining and non-defining.

non-defining and defining.

non-defining and non-defining.

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ULBRA 2011 - Inglês - Orações Relativas e pronomes relativos | Relative clauses and relative pronouns, Aspectos linguísticos | Linguistic aspects, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension, Advérbios e conjunções | Adverbs and conjunctions, Pronomes | Pronouns

All the statements below, with the exception of one, make use of "that" as a relative pronoun or a conjunction. Select THE EXCEPTION.

As we all know, electricity is a fundamental need. On a daily basis, we consume electricity even without us knowing it. Just a simple task such as listening to your music player consumes electricity. Today, most of our electric generators and power plants are fed with fossil fuels such as petroleum and coal. However, due to the exponential increase of power demand, fossil fuel supplies are slowly being depleted. Not only that, but also burning fossil fuels has given off greenhouse gases and other unwanted byproducts. Because of this, the search for alternative energy sources is now a necessity. One of the most promising alternative energy sources today is Wind Powered Generators. So, what is a wind-powered generator? Basically it is the use of wind as a mechanical force needed to power an electric generator. Utilizing wind as an energy source is not exactly a new idea. The ancient Persians were the first to use wind to pump water, cut wood, and grind food and others by building windmills. Even today you can find windmills still being used on some farms. It was the use of wind as an electric source that came into existence much later. The first practical wind powered generators were built in 1970, but yet we rarely see them in widespread use today, why? Let’s look at the advantages and disadvantages of the wind powered generator.

The main advantage of wind powered generators is that they have, ideally, zero gas emissions – unlike fossil-fueled power generators. Because of the alarming effects of greenhouse gases and global warming, we want our power generators to be as clean and as environmentally friendly as possible. Since there is no burning process in a wind powered generator that produces toxic gases, it is very safe to build one in residential areas. Also, with proper engineering and enough wind, these generators can provide a high rate of wattage that can go as high as the Megawatt range. Another advantage is that it can be implemented using several small turbines connected together. This is a good thing when there is not enough space for huge structures.

The major disadvantage of wind powered generators is that wind power varies greatly from one place to another and from day to day and season to season. Sometimes wind may be strong enough to supply energy, but that strength cannot be maintained due to changes in weather patterns. Needing strong, constant wind to most effectively power wind generators is one reason they are often built in coastal areas. Another disadvantage is that the structure of most practical wind powered generators is huge and bulky. Commonly, its size is proportional to the wind power it can collect.

Research in wind power has now intensified because of its innate advantages over other power generators. With this increase in interest in wind energy and alternative energy sources as a whole, our future will become brighter and more and more remote areas will eventually enjoy the benefits of clean electric energy. In an electricity-dependent world, power supplies must provide the required electricity for communities and businesses. Wind powered generators might just be the solution for power shortages.

Disponível em: http://mysolarcellhome.org/articles/pros-and-cons-of-wind-powered-generators.

The major disadvantage of wind powered generators is that wind power varies greatly from one place to another and from day to day and season to season.

Another advantage is that it can be implemented using several small turbines connected together.

Sometimes wind may be strong enough to supply energy, but that strength cannot be maintained due to changes in weather patterns.

Another disadvantage is that the structure of most practical wind powered generators is huge and bulky.

Basically it is the use of wind as a mechanical force that is needed to power an electric generator.

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IF-BA 2014 - Inglês - Orações Relativas e pronomes relativos | Relative clauses and relative pronouns, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension, Pronomes | Pronouns

Observe the excerpt from Text 01 that follows. Mark the correct alternative about the use of “where”.

Excerpt 02: “One death was reported in São Paulo state, where a young man was run over by a SUV at an intersection during a demonstration, state police said.”

It's a relative pronoun that refers to “São Paulo state”.

It's a relative pronoun that refers to “at an intersection”.

It could be replaced by when and keep the same meaning.

It's an interrogative pronoun.

It's an interrogative pronoun that refers to “São Paulo state”.

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Sobre o uso da língua, no Texto I, é correto afirmar que

I. o termo “our” (l.2) é um pronome possessivo e refere-se aos leitores.

II. “which” (l.3) é um pronome relativo, na função de sujeito, e refere-se a “daily activities”.

III. os termos “useless” e “unwanted” (l.5) são formados por afixação.

IV. os modais “can” (l.5) e “may” (l.12) expressam a mesma ideia: possibilidade.

V. os marcadores discursivos “or” (l.3), “and” (l.5) e “but” (l.12) expressam, respectivamente, proporcionalidade, adição e condição.

A alternativa em que todas as afirmativas são verdadeiras é a:

I e III

II e III

II e IV

III e IV

IV e V

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FATEC 2017 - Inglês - Orações Relativas e pronomes relativos | Relative clauses and relative pronouns, Pronomes | Pronouns

O pronome relativo that, em “that tracks the well-being of 6,000 Australians”, pode ser corretamente substituído, sem alteração do sentido original, por

Leia o texto para responder a questão.

Here’s how long you can work before your brain 1shuts down

I’m having a hard time starting this article. According to research out of the University of Melbourne, that might be because I’m middle-aged and work too much. Economists determined that burning the midnight oil makes you, well, dumber.” Our study highlights that too much work can have adverse effects on cognitive functioning,” they conclude.

Tell us something we didn’t know. Who hasn’t, at the end of a seemingly endless workweek, found themselves staring blankly at their computer screen or into space unable to remember what they had for lunch, let alone form a coherent thought about the task at hand?

For some employees, of course – the average resident 2 physician or, these days, that “3 gig economy” worker who makes ends meet by banging away at multiple projects – long hours are a fact of modern working life. And there’s a cost. Medical researchers have shown that working too much can affect employees’ physical and mental health.

So how much is too much? For people age 40 and older, working up to roughly 25 hours per week boosts memory, the ability to quickly process information and other aspects of cognitive function, according to the study, which drew on a longitudinal survey that tracks the well-being of 6,000 Australians. Beyond 25 hours a week, the middle-aged brain doesn’t work as well, the study indicates, noting that the findings apply to both men and women.

<http://tinyurl.com/j4os8ck> Acesso em: 24.08.2016. Adaptado.

Glossário

1to shut down: parar de operar/funcionar.

2physician: médico.

3gig economy: ambiente de trabalho baseado em empregos temporários e contratos de curta duração.

wit.

with.

wish.

witch.

which.

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FATEC 2013 - Inglês - Orações Relativas e pronomes relativos | Relative clauses and relative pronouns, Aspectos linguísticos | Linguistic aspects, Pronomes | Pronouns

No segundo parágrafo do texto, o pronome relativo which em – I can’t show you something which is definitely the new boson – pode ser substituído, mantendo-se a sentença gramaticalmente correta, por

Considere o texto a seguir para responder a questão.

Tooth fairy quantum mechanics

The reason I can’t show you a Higgs boson1 is also the solution to a parental dilemma.

Posted by Jon Butterworth

Sunday 23 December 2012 18.36 GMT, theguardian.com

I do sometimes get asked “If you’ve found a Higgs boson, can you show me a picture of it?” Unfortunately, the answer is no. But the reason for this provides a resolution to a severe parental dilemma, and explains why I am in fact sometimes the tooth fairy. Bear with me.

I can’t show you something which is definitely the new boson, but I can show evidence for it, for example in the picture below. It shows the distribution (black dots) of the mass you get when you combine the energy and momenta2 of pairs of photons (particles of light) in the ATLAS detector. The bump shows that there are more of these photon pairs at masses corresponding to around 125 GeV than would be expected from the trend. This excess implies the existence of a particle at about this mass which decays to pairs of photons.

The bump3 in this plot would not be there unless there were a new boson (credit, ATLAS experiment and CERN). The key is that even if I show you a collision event with a pair of photons which exactly gives the “Higgs mass”, i.e. at the top of that peak, it is still not possible to be sure that this exact pair of photons came from a Higgs boson. There may be several possible ways of producing a set of new particles from the incoming ones; but if the resulting set is identical, it is not physically meaningful to say which way occurred.

Now, to the parental dilemma. It is especially acute at this time of year, but if you have children who are losing their milk teeth, it is ever-present. Is the tooth fairy real? What about Father Christmas? Do you spoil the fun or do you lie? Something in me hates the idea of lying to my kids, and undermining4 trust. Here’s my way out. Anything which has the same initial state (tooth) and final state (money) might in fact be an event in which a tooth fairy was present. To put it another way, anything which removes the tooth and delivers money shares such an essential property with a tooth fairy that it can be said to be one (anything removing both teeth and money is probably a dentist. Or possibly a mugger5 ).

By now, my son doesn’t believe a word of it of course. But in the early days it was the truth. We managed this transition without lies, betrayal and tears because actually, when tiptoeing into the bedroom with a shiny pound coin, I really am the tooth fairy. I am of course also at the same time Dad. This seemed to work, and now he’s older, it’s still fun. It’s not much of stretch to extend this to Father Christmas, and it also explains why sometimes Father Christmas uses the same wrapping paper as your parents - he and they are, in a sense, indistinguishable quantum possibilities for the delivery process.

(theguardian.com/science/life-and-physics/2012/dec/23/tooth-fairy-quantum-mechanics Acesso em: 26.08.2013. Adaptado)

Glossário

1Higgs boson: partícula subatômica teórica que ficou conhecida publicamente após ter sido divulgada como a “partícula de Deus”. Sua existência é associada a pesquisas acerca da origem do universo.

(topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/subjects/h/higgs_boson/index.html Acesso em 02.10.2013. Adaptado)

2momenta: plural de momentum – conceito físico associado à quantidade de movimento de uma partícula.

3bump: choque ou elevação.

4undermine: tornar algo gradativamente mais fraco, especialmente a confiança ou autoridade de alguém.

5mugger: assaltante.

whose.

whom.

this.

that.

who.

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PUC - SP 2017 - Inglês - Orações Relativas e pronomes relativos | Relative clauses and relative pronouns, Aspectos linguísticos | Linguistic aspects, Pronomes | Pronouns

No excerto do sexto parágrafo “whether it requires ‘merely more than de minimis’, or something greater”, a palavra it se refere a

Federal law.

family

education

Supreme Court.

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UEL 2018 - Inglês - Orações Relativas e pronomes relativos | Relative clauses and relative pronouns, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension, Pronomes | Pronouns

Em relação aos provérbios e expressões idiomáticas presentes no livro English as She Is Spoke, considere as afirmativas a seguir.

I. Os provérbios e expressões trazem jogos de palavras que fazem alusões a expressões em língua portuguesa que são interpretadas como irônicas pelo falante de português.
II. A tradução dos provérbios e expressões transforma as frases em combinações bizarras de palavras que fazem pouco sentido.
III. O efeito cômico também é atingido através de inadequações estruturais como, por exemplo, o uso incorreto de pronomes, como “who” e “ that”, que provocam um estranhamento no leitor falante de inglês.
IV. A escolha lexical inusitada dificulta a compreensão das frases pelo falante nativo de língua inglesa que as considera engraçadas por soarem incoerentes.

Assinale a alternativa correta.

IN THE MIDDLE OF THE 19th century, a relatively unknown author named Pedro Carolino rapidly gained intercontinental popularity over a small Portuguese-to-English phrasebook. English as She Is Spoke (or O novo guia da conversação em portuguez e inglez) was originally intended to help Portuguese speakers dabble in the English tongue, but was penned by a man who spoke little to no English himself. And, instead of helping Portuguese speakers learn a second language, it became a cult classic for fans of inept and unintentional humor.

It quickly gained notoriety among English speakers, including author Mark Twain, who wrote the introduction for the first English edition, published in 1883. Twain expressed his approval of the book, saying “Nobody can add to the absurdity of this book, nobody can imitate it successfully, nobody can hope to produce its fellow; it is perfect.”

It is presumed that Carolino wrote the book through the aid of a Portuguese-to-French dictionary and a French-to-English dictionary, using the former for an initial translation of a word or phrase from Portuguese, and the latter to convert it from French into English. The result, of course, is a mishmash of cloudy gibberish.

Perhaps the most notorious section of the book is an appropriately named chapter entitled “Idiotisms and Proverbs,” which again features phrases that vary between barely understandable and completely nonsensical. Examples of Carolino’s twice-translated proverbs include: “it is better be single as a bad company”; “there is no better sauce who the appetite”; and simply “That not says a word, consent”.

The book opens with a preface written in a peculiar style of English. It details the book’s intended audience, stating that it “may be worth the acceptation of the studious persons, and especially of the Youth, of which we dedicate him particularly.” Perhaps predictably, English as She Is Spoke did not become popular among Portuguese-speaking students. In fact, it was never published in Portugal, although it did find an audience 133 years later in Brazil, when it was released as a comedy title.

Adaptado de LEIGHTY-PHILLIPS, Tucker. How a Portuguese-to-English Phrasebook became a cult comedy sensation. In: Atlas Obscura (online). 29 jun. 2016. Disponível em www.atlasobscura.com

Somente as afirmativas I e II são corretas.

Somente as afirmativas I e IV são corretas.

Somente as afirmativas III e IV são corretas.

Somente as afirmativas I, II e III são corretas.

Somente as afirmativas II, III e IV são corretas.

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UNB 2010 - Inglês - Orações Relativas e pronomes relativos | Relative clauses and relative pronouns, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension, Pronomes | Pronouns

The word “which” in the fragment “which have imposed new methods” refers to “industrialization and scientific progress” (L.14).

According to the text above, judge the following items.

Certo

Errado

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UNB 2010 - Inglês - Orações Relativas e pronomes relativos | Relative clauses and relative pronouns, Pronomes | Pronouns

The word “Those” in the first line of the first paragraph is used as an element of style. If it were to be deleted, accurate grammar would still be preserved.

According to the text above, judge the following items.

Certo

Errado

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PUC - RS 2016 - Inglês - Orações Relativas e pronomes relativos | Relative clauses and relative pronouns, Pronomes | Pronouns

In picture 3, the pronoun “that” could have been omitted without a change in meaning. Mark the alternative in which “that” can NOT be omitted.

I didn’t realize that Mafalda had gone to hospital.

Mafalda is the girl that suffered an accident.

Mafalda thinks that she’s in trouble now.

Everybody knows that being in hospital can be hard.

The truck driver never thought that he could run over someone.

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UNESP 2016 - Inglês - Orações Relativas e pronomes relativos | Relative clauses and relative pronouns, Pronomes | Pronouns

Assinale a alternativa que completa corretamente a lacuna numerada no texto.

which.

when.

while.

whoever.

who.

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PUC - RJ 2015 - Inglês - Orações Relativas e pronomes relativos | Relative clauses and relative pronouns, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension, Pronomes | Pronouns

The relative pronoun which (line 76), in the fragment “which is relayed by satellite to warning centers”, makes reference to

By Becky Oskin, Senior Writer. Adapted from http://www. livescience.com/49262-indian-ocean-tsunami-anniversary. html. December 26, 2014.

detailed predictions.

the wave’s impact.

the extent of flooding.

data.

buoy systems.

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UCS 2015 - Inglês - Pronome subjetivo | Subjective pronoun, Orações Relativas e pronomes relativos | Relative clauses and relative pronouns, Pronomes e adjetivos possessivos | Possessive pronouns and adjectives, Pronomes | Pronouns

Com base no texto, analise as proposições a seguir, quanto à sua veracidade (V) ou falsidade (F). O pronome.

( ) his (linha 28) refere-se a Albert (linha 27).

( ) they (linha 31) refere-se a artists (linha 30).

( ) whose (linha 35) refere-se a The queen (linha 34).

Assinale a alternativa que preenche correta e respectivamente os parênteses, de cima para baixo.

INSTRUÇÃO: A questão refere-se ao texto abaixo.

Victoria and Albert: how a royal love changed culture

By Lucinda Hawksley

Disponível em: <http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20150623-victoria-albert-cultural-impact>.

Acesso em: 3 ago. 15. (Parcial e adaptado.)

F – V – F.

V – F – V.

V – F – F.

V – V – V.

F – F – V.

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UECE 2010 - Inglês - Orações Relativas e pronomes relativos | Relative clauses and relative pronouns, Pronomes | Pronouns

The sentences “No other discipline or branch of the arts can substitute for literature in crafting the language that people need to communicate.”, “Without it (literature), the critical mind, which is the real engine of historical change and the best protector of liberty, would suffer an irreparable loss.” and “…this world without literature, this nightmare that I am delineating, would have as its principal traits conformism and the universal submission of humankind to power.” contain, respectively, relative clauses of the following types

defining, non-defining, defining.

defining, defining, non-defining.

non-defining, defining, defining.

non-defining, non-defining, defining.

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UECE 2011 - Inglês - Orações Relativas e pronomes relativos | Relative clauses and relative pronouns, Pronomes | Pronouns

The sentences "Students like Ms. Cook are among the first generation of undergraduates at dozens of colleges to take humanities courses — even Shakespeare — that are deeply influenced by a new array of powerful digital tools and vast online archives.", "The site, which includes scans of original documents from Bryn Mawr’s library, was (and remains) viewable." and "Ms. Rowe’s students, who have occasionally met with her on the virtual Globe stage while wearing pajamas in their dorm rooms, are enthusiastic about the technology." contain, respectively, relative clauses of the following types:

non-defining, defining and non-defining.

non-defining, non-defining and defining.

defining, non-defining and non-defining.

defining, defining and defining.