Questõesde FAMEMA sobre Inglês

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Foram encontradas 20 questões
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FAMEMA 2016 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Os dados apresentados no terceiro parágrafo confirmam o seguinte trecho do texto:

Leia o texto para responder à questão.


Read books, live longer?

Nicholas Bakalar

August 3, 2016

    Reading books is tied to a longer life, according to a new report. Researchers used data on 3,635 people over 50 participating in a larger health study who had answered questions about reading. The scientists divided the sample into three groups: those who read no books, those who read books up to three and a half hours a week, and those who read books more than three and a half hours.

    The study, in Social Science & Medicine, found that book readers tended to be female, college-educated and in higher income groups. So, researchers controlled for those factors as well as age, race, self-reported health, depression, employment and marital status.

    Compared with those who did not read books, those who read for up to three and a half hours a week were 17 percent less likely to die over 12 years of follow-up, and those who read more than that were 23 percent less likely to die. Book readers lived an average of almost two years longer than those who did not read at all.

    They found a similar association among those who read newspapers and periodicals, but it was weaker.

(http://well.blogs.nytimes.com. Adaptado.)

A
“book readers tended to be female, college-educated and in higher income groups”
B
“Reading books is tied to a longer life”
C
“They found a similar association among those who read newspapers and periodicals”
D
“So, researchers controlled for those factors”
E
“those who read books up to three and a half hours a week
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FAMEMA 2016 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

No trecho do segundo parágrafo “researchers controlled for those factors as well as age, race”, a expressão em destaque indica uma ideia de

Leia o texto para responder à questão.


Read books, live longer?

Nicholas Bakalar

August 3, 2016

    Reading books is tied to a longer life, according to a new report. Researchers used data on 3,635 people over 50 participating in a larger health study who had answered questions about reading. The scientists divided the sample into three groups: those who read no books, those who read books up to three and a half hours a week, and those who read books more than three and a half hours.

    The study, in Social Science & Medicine, found that book readers tended to be female, college-educated and in higher income groups. So, researchers controlled for those factors as well as age, race, self-reported health, depression, employment and marital status.

    Compared with those who did not read books, those who read for up to three and a half hours a week were 17 percent less likely to die over 12 years of follow-up, and those who read more than that were 23 percent less likely to die. Book readers lived an average of almost two years longer than those who did not read at all.

    They found a similar association among those who read newspapers and periodicals, but it was weaker.

(http://well.blogs.nytimes.com. Adaptado.)

A
comparação.
B
contraste.
C
adição.
D
avaliação.
E
semelhança.
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FAMEMA 2016 - Inglês - Vocabulário | Vocabulary, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

No trecho do segundo parágrafo “So, researchers controlled for those factors”, o termo em destaque pode ser substituído, sem alteração de sentido, por

Leia o texto para responder à questão.


Read books, live longer?

Nicholas Bakalar

August 3, 2016

    Reading books is tied to a longer life, according to a new report. Researchers used data on 3,635 people over 50 participating in a larger health study who had answered questions about reading. The scientists divided the sample into three groups: those who read no books, those who read books up to three and a half hours a week, and those who read books more than three and a half hours.

    The study, in Social Science & Medicine, found that book readers tended to be female, college-educated and in higher income groups. So, researchers controlled for those factors as well as age, race, self-reported health, depression, employment and marital status.

    Compared with those who did not read books, those who read for up to three and a half hours a week were 17 percent less likely to die over 12 years of follow-up, and those who read more than that were 23 percent less likely to die. Book readers lived an average of almost two years longer than those who did not read at all.

    They found a similar association among those who read newspapers and periodicals, but it was weaker.

(http://well.blogs.nytimes.com. Adaptado.)

A
However.
B
Although.
C
Therefore.
D
Because.
E
Otherwise.
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FAMEMA 2016 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

No trecho do primeiro parágrafo “The scientists divided the sample into three groups”, o termo em destaque refere-se

Leia o texto para responder à questão.


Read books, live longer?

Nicholas Bakalar

August 3, 2016

    Reading books is tied to a longer life, according to a new report. Researchers used data on 3,635 people over 50 participating in a larger health study who had answered questions about reading. The scientists divided the sample into three groups: those who read no books, those who read books up to three and a half hours a week, and those who read books more than three and a half hours.

    The study, in Social Science & Medicine, found that book readers tended to be female, college-educated and in higher income groups. So, researchers controlled for those factors as well as age, race, self-reported health, depression, employment and marital status.

    Compared with those who did not read books, those who read for up to three and a half hours a week were 17 percent less likely to die over 12 years of follow-up, and those who read more than that were 23 percent less likely to die. Book readers lived an average of almost two years longer than those who did not read at all.

    They found a similar association among those who read newspapers and periodicals, but it was weaker.

(http://well.blogs.nytimes.com. Adaptado.)

A
aos três grupos divididos por idade.
B
ao número de livros lidos.
C
às pessoas que leem livros.
D
às 3 635 pessoas que responderam perguntas sobre leitura.
E
aos três grupos de 50 pessoas.
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FAMEMA 2016 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Segundo o texto, os pesquisadores

Leia o texto para responder à questão.


Read books, live longer?

Nicholas Bakalar

August 3, 2016

    Reading books is tied to a longer life, according to a new report. Researchers used data on 3,635 people over 50 participating in a larger health study who had answered questions about reading. The scientists divided the sample into three groups: those who read no books, those who read books up to three and a half hours a week, and those who read books more than three and a half hours.

    The study, in Social Science & Medicine, found that book readers tended to be female, college-educated and in higher income groups. So, researchers controlled for those factors as well as age, race, self-reported health, depression, employment and marital status.

    Compared with those who did not read books, those who read for up to three and a half hours a week were 17 percent less likely to die over 12 years of follow-up, and those who read more than that were 23 percent less likely to die. Book readers lived an average of almost two years longer than those who did not read at all.

    They found a similar association among those who read newspapers and periodicals, but it was weaker.

(http://well.blogs.nytimes.com. Adaptado.)

A
convocaram 3 635 pessoas para participar de uma pesquisa sobre preferências de leitura.
B
aplicaram um questionário com três perguntas básicas sobre leitura para dividir os participantes em grupos.
C
selecionaram pouco mais de 50 pessoas de um grupo de 3 635 para responder um questionário sobre leitura.
D
dividiram os participantes em grupos de 50 pessoas usando como critério os hábitos de leitura.
E
utilizaram dados de um grupo de pessoas acima de 50 anos que haviam participado de um estudo sobre saúde.
ec0b96d6-dc
FAMEMA 2017 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

De acordo com o quinto parágrafo,

         Drinking coffee could help you live longer Coffee not only helps you feel full of beans, it might add years to your life as well, two major studies have shown. Scientists in Europe and the US have uncovered the clearest evidence yet that drinking coffee reduces the risk of death.

         One study of more than half a million people from 10 European countries found that men who downed at least three cups of coffee a day were 18% less likely to die from any cause than non-coffee drinkers. Women drinking the same amount benefited less, but still experienced an 8% reduction in mortality over the period measured.

        Similar results were reported by American scientists who conducted a separate investigation, recruiting 185855 participants from different ethnic backgrounds. Irrespective of ethnicity, people who drank two to three cups of coffee daily had an 18% reduced risk of death.

        Each of the studies, both published in the journal Annals of Internal Medicine, showed no advantage from drinking either caffeinated or decaffeinated coffee. Experts believe the antioxidant plant compounds in coffee rather than caffeine are responsible for the life-extending effect. Previous research has suggested that drinking coffee can reduce the risk of heart disease, diabetes, liver disease, and some cancers.

         Dr Marc Gunter, from the International Agency for Research on Cancer, who led the European study with colleagues from Imperial College London, said: “We found that higher coffee consumption was associated with a lower risk of death from any cause and specifically for circulatory diseases and digestive diseases. Importantly, these results were similar across all of the 10 European countries, with variable coffee drinking habits and customs. Our study also offers important insights into the possible mechanisms for the beneficial health effects of coffee.”


(www.huffingtonpost.co.uk, 11.07.2017. Adaptado.)

A
o alto consumo de café entre os europeus aumentou o risco de morte nesse grupo.
B
a pesquisa do Dr. Marc Gunter mostrou que o café pode reduzir o risco de câncer.
C
o café pode tanto prolongar o tempo de vida das pessoas quanto fazer bem à saúde.
D
o consumo indiscriminado de café pode aumentar o risco de doenças dos sistemas circulatório e digestório.
E
os hábitos e costumes relacionados ao consumo de café eram semelhantes nos dez países europeus envolvidos no estudo.
ebfc10c3-dc
FAMEMA 2017 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

De acordo com o texto,

         Drinking coffee could help you live longer Coffee not only helps you feel full of beans, it might add years to your life as well, two major studies have shown. Scientists in Europe and the US have uncovered the clearest evidence yet that drinking coffee reduces the risk of death.

         One study of more than half a million people from 10 European countries found that men who downed at least three cups of coffee a day were 18% less likely to die from any cause than non-coffee drinkers. Women drinking the same amount benefited less, but still experienced an 8% reduction in mortality over the period measured.

        Similar results were reported by American scientists who conducted a separate investigation, recruiting 185855 participants from different ethnic backgrounds. Irrespective of ethnicity, people who drank two to three cups of coffee daily had an 18% reduced risk of death.

        Each of the studies, both published in the journal Annals of Internal Medicine, showed no advantage from drinking either caffeinated or decaffeinated coffee. Experts believe the antioxidant plant compounds in coffee rather than caffeine are responsible for the life-extending effect. Previous research has suggested that drinking coffee can reduce the risk of heart disease, diabetes, liver disease, and some cancers.

         Dr Marc Gunter, from the International Agency for Research on Cancer, who led the European study with colleagues from Imperial College London, said: “We found that higher coffee consumption was associated with a lower risk of death from any cause and specifically for circulatory diseases and digestive diseases. Importantly, these results were similar across all of the 10 European countries, with variable coffee drinking habits and customs. Our study also offers important insights into the possible mechanisms for the beneficial health effects of coffee.”


(www.huffingtonpost.co.uk, 11.07.2017. Adaptado.)

A
a cafeína possui um efeito maior sobre a longevidade do que os compostos antioxidantes do café.
B
o consumo de café pode reduzir o risco de doenças hepáticas.
C
o café descafeinado não faz mal para quem não pode ingerir cafeína.
D
o risco de morte diminui cerca de 18% entre as pessoas que bebem de uma a duas xícaras de café por dia, dependendo da etnia.
E
um estudo realizado anteriormente mostrou que o café é inadequado para consumo humano.
ebff4b36-dc
FAMEMA 2017 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

The excerpt from the first paragraph “helps you feel full of beans” means that coffee helps to

         Drinking coffee could help you live longer Coffee not only helps you feel full of beans, it might add years to your life as well, two major studies have shown. Scientists in Europe and the US have uncovered the clearest evidence yet that drinking coffee reduces the risk of death.

         One study of more than half a million people from 10 European countries found that men who downed at least three cups of coffee a day were 18% less likely to die from any cause than non-coffee drinkers. Women drinking the same amount benefited less, but still experienced an 8% reduction in mortality over the period measured.

        Similar results were reported by American scientists who conducted a separate investigation, recruiting 185855 participants from different ethnic backgrounds. Irrespective of ethnicity, people who drank two to three cups of coffee daily had an 18% reduced risk of death.

        Each of the studies, both published in the journal Annals of Internal Medicine, showed no advantage from drinking either caffeinated or decaffeinated coffee. Experts believe the antioxidant plant compounds in coffee rather than caffeine are responsible for the life-extending effect. Previous research has suggested that drinking coffee can reduce the risk of heart disease, diabetes, liver disease, and some cancers.

         Dr Marc Gunter, from the International Agency for Research on Cancer, who led the European study with colleagues from Imperial College London, said: “We found that higher coffee consumption was associated with a lower risk of death from any cause and specifically for circulatory diseases and digestive diseases. Importantly, these results were similar across all of the 10 European countries, with variable coffee drinking habits and customs. Our study also offers important insights into the possible mechanisms for the beneficial health effects of coffee.”


(www.huffingtonpost.co.uk, 11.07.2017. Adaptado.)

A
burn fat.
B
fortify the DNA.
C
relieve chronic pain.
D
improve memory.
E
increase energy.
ec03b7b6-dc
FAMEMA 2017 - Inglês - Sinônimos | Synonyms

In the excerpt from the second paragraph “18% less likely to die”, the word in bold can be replaced, without changing the meaning of the sentence, by

         Drinking coffee could help you live longer Coffee not only helps you feel full of beans, it might add years to your life as well, two major studies have shown. Scientists in Europe and the US have uncovered the clearest evidence yet that drinking coffee reduces the risk of death.

         One study of more than half a million people from 10 European countries found that men who downed at least three cups of coffee a day were 18% less likely to die from any cause than non-coffee drinkers. Women drinking the same amount benefited less, but still experienced an 8% reduction in mortality over the period measured.

        Similar results were reported by American scientists who conducted a separate investigation, recruiting 185855 participants from different ethnic backgrounds. Irrespective of ethnicity, people who drank two to three cups of coffee daily had an 18% reduced risk of death.

        Each of the studies, both published in the journal Annals of Internal Medicine, showed no advantage from drinking either caffeinated or decaffeinated coffee. Experts believe the antioxidant plant compounds in coffee rather than caffeine are responsible for the life-extending effect. Previous research has suggested that drinking coffee can reduce the risk of heart disease, diabetes, liver disease, and some cancers.

         Dr Marc Gunter, from the International Agency for Research on Cancer, who led the European study with colleagues from Imperial College London, said: “We found that higher coffee consumption was associated with a lower risk of death from any cause and specifically for circulatory diseases and digestive diseases. Importantly, these results were similar across all of the 10 European countries, with variable coffee drinking habits and customs. Our study also offers important insights into the possible mechanisms for the beneficial health effects of coffee.”


(www.huffingtonpost.co.uk, 11.07.2017. Adaptado.)

A
favourably.
B
impossible.
C
pleasantly.
D
agreable.
E
probable.
ec0755b3-dc
FAMEMA 2017 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension, Advérbios e conjunções | Adverbs and conjunctions

No trecho do segundo parágrafo “Women drinking the same amount benefited less, but still experienced an 8% reduction in mortality”, a palavra em destaque indica uma ideia de

         Drinking coffee could help you live longer Coffee not only helps you feel full of beans, it might add years to your life as well, two major studies have shown. Scientists in Europe and the US have uncovered the clearest evidence yet that drinking coffee reduces the risk of death.

         One study of more than half a million people from 10 European countries found that men who downed at least three cups of coffee a day were 18% less likely to die from any cause than non-coffee drinkers. Women drinking the same amount benefited less, but still experienced an 8% reduction in mortality over the period measured.

        Similar results were reported by American scientists who conducted a separate investigation, recruiting 185855 participants from different ethnic backgrounds. Irrespective of ethnicity, people who drank two to three cups of coffee daily had an 18% reduced risk of death.

        Each of the studies, both published in the journal Annals of Internal Medicine, showed no advantage from drinking either caffeinated or decaffeinated coffee. Experts believe the antioxidant plant compounds in coffee rather than caffeine are responsible for the life-extending effect. Previous research has suggested that drinking coffee can reduce the risk of heart disease, diabetes, liver disease, and some cancers.

         Dr Marc Gunter, from the International Agency for Research on Cancer, who led the European study with colleagues from Imperial College London, said: “We found that higher coffee consumption was associated with a lower risk of death from any cause and specifically for circulatory diseases and digestive diseases. Importantly, these results were similar across all of the 10 European countries, with variable coffee drinking habits and customs. Our study also offers important insights into the possible mechanisms for the beneficial health effects of coffee.”


(www.huffingtonpost.co.uk, 11.07.2017. Adaptado.)

A
contraste.
B
inclusão.
C
negação.
D
comparação.
E
alternativa.
93dde924-db
FAMEMA 2018 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

According to the text, the name Hwaban stands for

        At Hwaban, Mihyun Han with her husband, Key Kim, will present their take on Korean fare, traditional and personalized with modern touches. The serene, neutral-toned dining room with pale brick walls, accented by dark furniture, is the setting for their varied menu. Some of the small plates to start are shrimp or scallop, an organic egg with king crab in a pine nut sauce, and pan-seared zucchini with shrimp in a soy sauce. More substantial dishes include poached lemon sole with vegetables, chicken with root vegetables, and grilled New York strip steak with Korean mountain greens and mustard dressing. Classics like bibimbap, kimchi stew with pork belly, and galbi (short ribs) are also served, and there is a set array of dishes called Hwaban Table. The name of the restaurant means “as beautiful as a flower,” and there are floral elements in the dining room and on some plates.


(Florence Fabricant. www.nytimes.com, 14.08.2018. Adaptado.)

A
set array of dishes.
B
Korean fare.
C
traditional and personalized.
D
modern touches.
E
as beautiful as a flower.
93d6d3c0-db
FAMEMA 2018 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

A partir da associação entre o texto e o cartum, depreende- -se que a expressão “mental clutter”, empregada no segundo parágrafo do texto, significa

        Fake news can distort people’s beliefs even after being debunked. A study recently published in the journal Intelligence suggests that some people may have an especially difficult time rejecting misinformation. Asked to rate a fictitious person on a range of character traits, people who scored low on a test of cognitive ability continued to be influenced by damaging information about the person even after they were explicitly told the information was false. The study is significant because it identifies what may be a major risk factor for vulnerability to fake news.

       One possible explanation for this finding is based on the theory that a person’s cognitive ability reflects how well they can regulate the contents of working memory – their “mental workspace” for processing information. First proposed by the cognitive psychologists Lynn Hasher and Rose Zacks, this theory holds that some people are more prone to “mental clutter” than other people. In other words, some people are less able to discard (or “inhibit”) information from their working memory that is no longer relevant to the task at hand, or information that has been discredited. Research on cognitive aging indicates that, in adulthood, this ability declines considerably with advancing age, suggesting that older adults may also be especially vulnerable to fake news. Another reason why cognitive ability may predict vulnerability to fake news is that it correlates highly with education. Through education, people may develop meta-cognitive skills – strategies for monitoring and regulating one’s own thinking – that can be used to combat the effects of misinformation.


(www.scientificamerican.com, 06.02.2018. Adaptado.)

A
acúmulo mental de informações irrelevantes de modo desorganizado.
B
justaposição de diferentes elementos no espaço de trabalho.
C
habilidade com trabalhos criativos em espaços caóticos.
D
acúmulo de elementos diversos para trabalhos manuais.
E
descarte mental de informações irrelevantes de forma randômica.
93da3365-db
FAMEMA 2018 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

The dining area of the restaurant is described as

        At Hwaban, Mihyun Han with her husband, Key Kim, will present their take on Korean fare, traditional and personalized with modern touches. The serene, neutral-toned dining room with pale brick walls, accented by dark furniture, is the setting for their varied menu. Some of the small plates to start are shrimp or scallop, an organic egg with king crab in a pine nut sauce, and pan-seared zucchini with shrimp in a soy sauce. More substantial dishes include poached lemon sole with vegetables, chicken with root vegetables, and grilled New York strip steak with Korean mountain greens and mustard dressing. Classics like bibimbap, kimchi stew with pork belly, and galbi (short ribs) are also served, and there is a set array of dishes called Hwaban Table. The name of the restaurant means “as beautiful as a flower,” and there are floral elements in the dining room and on some plates.


(Florence Fabricant. www.nytimes.com, 14.08.2018. Adaptado.)

A
pale and insipid.
B
calm and colorful.
C
varied and colorful.
D
tranquil and colorless.
E
noisy and colorless.
93cf4f46-db
FAMEMA 2018 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

O tema central do texto é

        Fake news can distort people’s beliefs even after being debunked. A study recently published in the journal Intelligence suggests that some people may have an especially difficult time rejecting misinformation. Asked to rate a fictitious person on a range of character traits, people who scored low on a test of cognitive ability continued to be influenced by damaging information about the person even after they were explicitly told the information was false. The study is significant because it identifies what may be a major risk factor for vulnerability to fake news.

       One possible explanation for this finding is based on the theory that a person’s cognitive ability reflects how well they can regulate the contents of working memory – their “mental workspace” for processing information. First proposed by the cognitive psychologists Lynn Hasher and Rose Zacks, this theory holds that some people are more prone to “mental clutter” than other people. In other words, some people are less able to discard (or “inhibit”) information from their working memory that is no longer relevant to the task at hand, or information that has been discredited. Research on cognitive aging indicates that, in adulthood, this ability declines considerably with advancing age, suggesting that older adults may also be especially vulnerable to fake news. Another reason why cognitive ability may predict vulnerability to fake news is that it correlates highly with education. Through education, people may develop meta-cognitive skills – strategies for monitoring and regulating one’s own thinking – that can be used to combat the effects of misinformation.


(www.scientificamerican.com, 06.02.2018. Adaptado.)

A
a associação entre memória operacional e envelhecimento.
B
a identificação de notícias falsas por camadas menos favorecidas da sociedade.
C
o papel da educação no combate à difusão de notícias falsas.
D
o processamento e a regulação de informação na memória operacional.
E
a relação entre capacidade cognitiva e vulnerabilidade a notícias falsas.
93d31d46-db
FAMEMA 2018 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Considere o trecho do segundo parágrafo “Research on cognitive aging indicates that, in adulthood, this ability declines considerably”. O termo sublinhado é empregado com o mesmo sentido em:

        Fake news can distort people’s beliefs even after being debunked. A study recently published in the journal Intelligence suggests that some people may have an especially difficult time rejecting misinformation. Asked to rate a fictitious person on a range of character traits, people who scored low on a test of cognitive ability continued to be influenced by damaging information about the person even after they were explicitly told the information was false. The study is significant because it identifies what may be a major risk factor for vulnerability to fake news.

       One possible explanation for this finding is based on the theory that a person’s cognitive ability reflects how well they can regulate the contents of working memory – their “mental workspace” for processing information. First proposed by the cognitive psychologists Lynn Hasher and Rose Zacks, this theory holds that some people are more prone to “mental clutter” than other people. In other words, some people are less able to discard (or “inhibit”) information from their working memory that is no longer relevant to the task at hand, or information that has been discredited. Research on cognitive aging indicates that, in adulthood, this ability declines considerably with advancing age, suggesting that older adults may also be especially vulnerable to fake news. Another reason why cognitive ability may predict vulnerability to fake news is that it correlates highly with education. Through education, people may develop meta-cognitive skills – strategies for monitoring and regulating one’s own thinking – that can be used to combat the effects of misinformation.


(www.scientificamerican.com, 06.02.2018. Adaptado.)

A
The program will be broadcast on BBC TV.
B
Looking around the room I notice a diary on her bedside table.
C
The glass of wine was on the kitchen counter.
D
There was a sign on the entrance door.
E
Yesterday I watched a documentary on forensic science.
674be88a-d8
FAMEMA 2019 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

According to the chart,

A
phone checking becomes more frequent as the population ages.
B
twenty two per cent of younger adults check their phone every few minutes.
C
fifty one per cent of all adults check their phone a few times an hour.
D
one-third of the people aged between 50 and 64 don’t own smartphones.
E
people over 65 years old are more likely to become phone addicted.
67463cf8-d8
FAMEMA 2019 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

No trecho do segundo parágrafo “If they happened only occasionally”, o termo sublinhado refere-se a:

               An increasing body of evidence suggests that the time we spend on our smartphones is interfering with our sleep, self-esteem, relationships, memory, attention spans, creativity, productivity and problem-solving and decision-making skills. But there is another reason for us to rethink our relationships with our devices. By chronically raising levels of cortisol, the body’s main stress hormone, our phones may be threatening our health and shortening our lives.

          If they happened only occasionally, phone-induced cortisol spikes might not matter. But the average American spends four hours a day staring at their smartphone and keeps it within arm’s reach nearly all the time, according to a tracking app called Moment.

         “Your cortisol levels are elevated when your phone is in sight or nearby, or when you hear it or even think you hear it,” says David Greenfield, professor of clinical psychiatry at the University of Connecticut School of Medicine and founder of the Center for Internet and Technology Addiction. “It’s a stress response, and it feels unpleasant, and the body’s natural response is to want to check the phone to make the stress go away.”

          But while doing so might soothe you for a second, it probably will make things worse in the long run. Any time you check your phone, you’re likely to find something else stressful waiting for you, leading to another spike in cortisol and another craving to check your phone to make your anxiety go away. This cycle, when continuously reinforced, leads to chronically elevated cortisol levels. And chronically elevated cortisol levels have been tied to an increased risk of serious health problems, including depression, obesity, metabolic syndrome, Type 2 diabetes, fertility issues, high blood pressure, heart attack, dementia and stroke.



(Catherine Price. www.nytimes.com, 24.04.2019. Adaptado.)

A
“the body’s main stress hormone”.
B
“our phones”.
C
“phone-induced cortisol spikes”.
D
“the average American”.
E
“four hours a day”.
67490555-d8
FAMEMA 2019 - Inglês - Vocabulário | Vocabulary, Tradução | Translation

No trecho do último parágrafo “while doing so might soothe you for a second”, o termo sublinhado equivale, em português, a

               An increasing body of evidence suggests that the time we spend on our smartphones is interfering with our sleep, self-esteem, relationships, memory, attention spans, creativity, productivity and problem-solving and decision-making skills. But there is another reason for us to rethink our relationships with our devices. By chronically raising levels of cortisol, the body’s main stress hormone, our phones may be threatening our health and shortening our lives.

          If they happened only occasionally, phone-induced cortisol spikes might not matter. But the average American spends four hours a day staring at their smartphone and keeps it within arm’s reach nearly all the time, according to a tracking app called Moment.

         “Your cortisol levels are elevated when your phone is in sight or nearby, or when you hear it or even think you hear it,” says David Greenfield, professor of clinical psychiatry at the University of Connecticut School of Medicine and founder of the Center for Internet and Technology Addiction. “It’s a stress response, and it feels unpleasant, and the body’s natural response is to want to check the phone to make the stress go away.”

          But while doing so might soothe you for a second, it probably will make things worse in the long run. Any time you check your phone, you’re likely to find something else stressful waiting for you, leading to another spike in cortisol and another craving to check your phone to make your anxiety go away. This cycle, when continuously reinforced, leads to chronically elevated cortisol levels. And chronically elevated cortisol levels have been tied to an increased risk of serious health problems, including depression, obesity, metabolic syndrome, Type 2 diabetes, fertility issues, high blood pressure, heart attack, dementia and stroke.



(Catherine Price. www.nytimes.com, 24.04.2019. Adaptado.)

A
acalmar.
B
afastar.
C
impedir.
D
dominar.
E
inibir.
67404cfb-d8
FAMEMA 2019 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

According to the text, smartphones may

               An increasing body of evidence suggests that the time we spend on our smartphones is interfering with our sleep, self-esteem, relationships, memory, attention spans, creativity, productivity and problem-solving and decision-making skills. But there is another reason for us to rethink our relationships with our devices. By chronically raising levels of cortisol, the body’s main stress hormone, our phones may be threatening our health and shortening our lives.

          If they happened only occasionally, phone-induced cortisol spikes might not matter. But the average American spends four hours a day staring at their smartphone and keeps it within arm’s reach nearly all the time, according to a tracking app called Moment.

         “Your cortisol levels are elevated when your phone is in sight or nearby, or when you hear it or even think you hear it,” says David Greenfield, professor of clinical psychiatry at the University of Connecticut School of Medicine and founder of the Center for Internet and Technology Addiction. “It’s a stress response, and it feels unpleasant, and the body’s natural response is to want to check the phone to make the stress go away.”

          But while doing so might soothe you for a second, it probably will make things worse in the long run. Any time you check your phone, you’re likely to find something else stressful waiting for you, leading to another spike in cortisol and another craving to check your phone to make your anxiety go away. This cycle, when continuously reinforced, leads to chronically elevated cortisol levels. And chronically elevated cortisol levels have been tied to an increased risk of serious health problems, including depression, obesity, metabolic syndrome, Type 2 diabetes, fertility issues, high blood pressure, heart attack, dementia and stroke.



(Catherine Price. www.nytimes.com, 24.04.2019. Adaptado.)

A
diminish stress-related hormone cortisol.
B
release anti-anxiety hormones.
C
induce creativity and decision-making skills.
D
be hazardous to our long-term health.
E
improve human life in the long run.
67433c5e-d8
FAMEMA 2019 - Inglês - Análise sintática | Syntax Parsing, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension, Advérbios e conjunções | Adverbs and conjunctions

No trecho do primeiro parágrafo “But there is another reason for us to rethink our relationships with our devices”, o termo sublinhado introduz uma

               An increasing body of evidence suggests that the time we spend on our smartphones is interfering with our sleep, self-esteem, relationships, memory, attention spans, creativity, productivity and problem-solving and decision-making skills. But there is another reason for us to rethink our relationships with our devices. By chronically raising levels of cortisol, the body’s main stress hormone, our phones may be threatening our health and shortening our lives.

          If they happened only occasionally, phone-induced cortisol spikes might not matter. But the average American spends four hours a day staring at their smartphone and keeps it within arm’s reach nearly all the time, according to a tracking app called Moment.

         “Your cortisol levels are elevated when your phone is in sight or nearby, or when you hear it or even think you hear it,” says David Greenfield, professor of clinical psychiatry at the University of Connecticut School of Medicine and founder of the Center for Internet and Technology Addiction. “It’s a stress response, and it feels unpleasant, and the body’s natural response is to want to check the phone to make the stress go away.”

          But while doing so might soothe you for a second, it probably will make things worse in the long run. Any time you check your phone, you’re likely to find something else stressful waiting for you, leading to another spike in cortisol and another craving to check your phone to make your anxiety go away. This cycle, when continuously reinforced, leads to chronically elevated cortisol levels. And chronically elevated cortisol levels have been tied to an increased risk of serious health problems, including depression, obesity, metabolic syndrome, Type 2 diabetes, fertility issues, high blood pressure, heart attack, dementia and stroke.



(Catherine Price. www.nytimes.com, 24.04.2019. Adaptado.)

A
oposição.
B
conclusão.
C
exclusão.
D
adição.
E
explicação.