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863b12dc-04
ESPM 2019 - Geografia - Produção e consumo no Brasil, Energia

O último relatório do Balanço Energético divulgado pelo Ministério de Minas e Energia em 2019, sobre a realidade energética brasileira, apontou que o país dispõe de uma matriz elétrica de origem:

A
predominantemente renovável com destaque para a fonte hídrica que responde por 65,2% da oferta interna.
B
predominantemente não renovável com destaque para os combustíveis fósseis que respondem por 13% da oferta nacional.
C
predominantemente não renovável com destaque para a fonte nuclear que responde por 80% da oferta interna.
D
predominantemente renovável com destaque para a fonte da biomassa que responde por 60% da oferta interna.
E
predopredominantemente renovável com destaque para a fonte eólica que responde por 50% da demanda nacional.
85f3de84-04
ESPM 2019 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

For Noah Berlatsky, when we realize that meritocracy is a myth,


Yesterday misunderstands what made the Beatles so popular


By Noah Berlatsky


    The film Yesterday has an intriguing premise: What if the Beatles never existed? Unsuccessful, moderately talented singersongwriter Jack Malik wakes up one day and is the only one who remembers the Beatles’ songs. Suddenly he can pose as the creator of the greatest music ever written. As a result, he quickly becomes a worldrenowned superstar.

    Jack is successful because the Beatles’ songs, removed from their original context, still maintain the universal, instant appeal that has canonized them in our non-fictional world, offscreen. Label execs, other musicians, and huge numbers of fans are all won over by “Jack’s” music; Even decades after the Soviet Union disintegrated, “Back in the USSR” still rocks people’s world.
    But would “Back in the USSR” really be an automatic, surefire hit if it were released today, into a music scene whose interests have evolved far beyond the Beatles? Is quality in the arts so transcendent that it can overcome all differences of era, culture, and happenstance? Is music a meritocracy — an art form that privileges natural talent over everything else?
    There’s good reason to believe that the answer to all three of those questions is no. Wonderful songs aren’t always hits; talented musicians don’t always achieve success commensurate with their abilities. 
    And sometimes a twist of fate lands the less talented in a position to reap massive rewards. 
    We tend to expect that good things don’t always come to the most deserving people. Sometimes the most successful people get that way because they’re in the right place at the right time, or know the right people, or were even born into it. And art is no exception.
    There’s research to back up the notion that fame and fortune come from more than pure talent. Sociologists Matthew Salganik of Princeton and Duncan Watts of Microsoft have conducted a number of studies to determine what makes a song popular. They discovered that when someone approaches a song knowing only that it’s popular and well-liked within the cultural mass, that person is more inclined to come away liking the song too. This can create a ripple effect, with songs becoming more and more popular because they already are popular. Salganik and Watts’s research suggests that the more visible something is the more highly regarded it is, and the more popular it is likely to become.
    Social influence has a powerful effect on which songs become popular. As art is a form of communication we often share and experience socially, it makes sense that we like art that we believe will connect us to others.
    Our instincts to spread what we like, and to like what others like, mean that what seem like small advantages for a song — perhaps a well-placed promo on Spotify, or appearing on the soundtrack of a Netflix show — can lead to a big chart presence. A good review at the right time or being used in a viral meme on a slow news day could help more people discover a song just out of happenstance. Songs that get an initial bump can ride that wave, so more people seek them out, buy them, and boost their popularity. This cycle can lead to one song, good or not, becoming a hit, while another disappears into obscurity.
    The Beatles were very good by most qualitative metrics. But the band’s quantitative achievements don’t mean they are indisputably the most meritorious musicians of all time, or even of their day. More likely, the band also managed to be in the right place at the right time, on top of everything else.
    Western racial inequalities also stymied many homegrown artists. Influential African American singers and girl groups like the Shirelles didn’t have much opportunity to turn their Billboard hits into widespread celebrity and lasting cultural recognition. Paul McCartney and John Lennon are household names, but there aren’t many casual music fans who know the name of the Shirelles’ lead singer, Shirley Owens.
    The Beatles were white, male English speakers who were able to tour and didn’t die young. But they had other advantages as well. Perhaps most obviously, they were working in a genre that was broadly popular. 
    By contrast, today’s most popular music is split between contemporary hip-hop and dance music that relies on synthesizers, electronics, and myriad crossgenre references. Pure rock ’n’ roll, built on a simple four-person setup of guitar, bass, drums, and vocals, is no longer the dominant genre. ”If a Beatles song came out today, it would sound dated,” Charlie Harding, host of Vox’s Switched on Pop podcast, told me. “There are hardly any synthesizers. It’s all live drumming. Plus, so much of their music is blues-based, and blues-based music just isn’t popular right now.”
    At their height, the Beatles famously pushed boundaries in the studio, creating psychedelic effects and soundscapes that no one at the time had ever heard before. But that’s old hat in 2019. You can do all of what the Beatles did and more in your room with a laptop, at least technically speaking.
   Sure, it’s fun to think, as Yesterday does, that our love for the Beatles is universal, true, and incontrovertible. Where’s the harm in that?
    The problem is that people often don’t see the myth of meritocracy as a myth; they really believe in it. And when they do, it can have some unfortunate effects. The myth of meritocracy can make us less willing to invest in the collective good. 
    If we convince ourselves that talented artists like the Beatles will be successful no matter what, we can also convince ourselves that we don’t really need to provide people with safety nets or resources. After all, the best will win out anyway. Why invest in school arts programs, or fund arts grants, if great musicians will be just fine on their own?
    The Beatles made wonderful, undoubtedly influential art. But if Yesterday weren’t so hypnotized by the supposedly unmatchable quality of the Beatles’ music, it might be able to see that there are great songs being written by people like Jack Malik too. The film believes that songs like “Yesterday” are just so good, they would become mega-popular under any circumstances. And yet many people who think “Yesterday” is the best song ever have been inevitably swayed by the Beatles’ popularity and legacy, the song’s quality aside.
    Maybe instead, the best song ever is one we haven’t heard yet; maybe it’s the one you’re going to write. Part of what happens when we abandon the myth of meritocracy is that we’re better able to see the merit all around us. And that gives everyone a greater chance at success.

(adapted from https://www.vox.com, Jun 29, 2019)




A
we are able to value all artistic attempts.
B
we favor the least talented.
C
we cannot see merit around us.
D
we end up liking artists who aren’t really talented.
E
we are prejudicial with talented people.
8629aa30-04
ESPM 2019 - Atualidades - Trabalho, Transporte, Previdência e outras Questões Sociais, Atualidades do ano de 2019

Um dos temas mais debatidos na pauta da política interna brasileira, em 2019, foi o da Reforma da Previdência Social no Brasil.
Sob a alegação de um desequilíbrio demográfico decorrente do aumento acentuado da população idosa, tem sido apontada a necessidade de reforma do Sistema Previdenciário, que seria deficitário.
Nos últimos 20 anos, o país já passou por duas reformas praticadas por meio de propostas de emenda à Constituição, as chamadas PEC. Em 1998, na presidência de Fernando Henrique Cardoso, o governo federal mudou as regras previdenciárias com a PEC No. 20, instituindo:

A
a exigência de uma idade mínima para a aposentadoria: no caso das mulheres 55 anos e no caso dos homens 60 anos, além da criação do fator previdenciário;
B
a exigência de tempo mínimo de contribuição para a aposentadoria: 25 anos para mulheres e 30 anos para homens;
C
a exigência de uma idade mínima de 65 anos para homens e 62 anos para mulheres e com tempo de contribuição de 40 anos;
D
a exigência de uma idade mínima de 65 anos para a aposentadoria, tanto para homens como para mulheres;
E
o regime de capitalização substituindo o regime de repartição, de forma que cada trabalhador tornou-se responsável por contribuir para sua própria previdência.
85faa469-04
ESPM 2019 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Among the examples of deceptive advertising described in the text there are:

4 Types of Deceptive Advertising


By Apryl Duncan


    Deceptive advertising is officially defined by the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) as “practices that have been found misleading or deceptive. Specific cases include false oral or written representations, misleading price claims, sales of hazardous or systematically defective products or services without adequate disclosures, failure to disclose information regarding pyramid sales, use of bait and switch techniques, failure to perform promised services, and failure to meet warranty obligations. 

    However, it’s important to note that deceptive advertising does not represent the entire industry, and makes up a very small percentage of the ads you will encounter every day. But there are always people out there looking to dupe consumers and make money in any way that they can. Here are some examples of deceptive and unethical advertising practices and scams that you need to look out for.

Hidden Fees

    In this example, the advertising is not fully disclosing the true cost of the item. You may see an ad for a computer or tablet that says “Only $99!” and you can’t wait to go into the store and buy it or order it online. However, suddenly you are hit with a whole bunch of charges that you were not expecting. In some cases, shipping fees will be extortionate, often costing more than the product itself. Or, you may have to pay handling fees that are excessive. 

    Often, hidden fees can be spotted by the asterisk (*) that accompanies the incredible deal. Guaranteed, there will be a big difference between “Only $99!” and “Only $99!*” That asterisk basically says “hey, this is not the final price, you will have to jump through major hoops or fork over a lot more cash.” So, if you see an asterisk, read the small print carefully. Whether it’s a small item, a car, or even a home, hidden fees are a deceptive way of luring you in. By the time you realize there’s more to pay, it can be too late.

Bait and Switch

    In short, bait and switch is when the advertisement entices you with a product, but makes a significant switch when you go to purchase it.


    For instance, suddenly the laptop you wanted is not in stock, but there is a different one that is lower spec and costs twice as much. Chances are that the original laptop was never in stock, or at least, not for the price advertised. 

    Another example would be advertising a car at the base price, but with all of the top-of-the-line features included in the ad. When you get to the dealership, you have to pay much more to get the car actually shown in the ad. Sometimes, an offer can feel like bait and switch but it’s not. If you want that laptop and it is sold out, but you are offered a similar laptop with a very similar spec, at an almost identical price, that’s perfectly fine. You just missed out on the original deal.

Misleading Claims

    Misleading claims use tricky language to make the consumer believe they are getting one thing when they are in fact getting less (or paying more). A British TV show called The Real Hustle had a great example of this in action. The presenters, who know the ins and outs of so many con games, set up stalls to sell seemingly awesome products at cheap prices.

    At no time do the hustlers break the law by making claims that are untrue, but the verbiage leads people to believe they are buying something way better than they’re actually getting. One of the cruelest was advertising a DIY model plane for a price that seemed like a steal. Things like “easy to assemble” and “it really flies” were on the box. But inside...

it was just a blank sheet of paper, with a set of instructions on how to make a paper plane. Did they break the law? No. Did they deceive? Yes. 

Ambiguous or “Best Case Scenario” Photography

    Another way of cheating people is to take photographs of the product being sold, but in a way that makes them seem way better than they are. Shady hotels have often used this technique to make the rooms look bigger, by setting up the camera in the corner of the room and using a fisheye lens.

    Food photography can suffer from the “best case scenario” photography. If you have ever ordered a burger from a fast food place, you will know this well. The burger on the menu is perfect. It’s thick, juicy, 4 inches high, and looks incredible. But the burger you receive, while it may have the same ingredients, is a sad interpretation of that image. The bun is flat, the burger is a mess, ketchup and mustard are pouring out of the sides.

    This is something we accept as consumers because we know the burger in the photograph was assembled by expert designers and food artists, over the course of many hours, whereas the poor kitchen hand has to throw your burger together in a few seconds to meet your time demands. But, don’t take that to mean you can never complain about this kind of photography. If you buy something that is clearly of poorer quality than the item shown in the picture, you can demand a refund. 

(Adapted from www.thebalancecareers.com, February 02, 2019)


A
the ones in which the price of the product advertised is not the real one.
B
he ones in which the taxes and guarantees far exceed the product price.
C
the ones in which the consumer is drawn by distorted features.
D
the ones which show altruistic people using the product, trying to manipulate the consumer emotionally.
E
the ones which, despite overpriced, are sponsored by a powerful messenger.
85fec1e8-04
ESPM 2019 - Inglês - Tempos Verbais | Verb Tenses, Verbos frasais | Phrasal verbs

The phrasal verbs make up, fork over, lure (someone) in, miss out and set up,all boldfaced in the text, mean, respectively:

4 Types of Deceptive Advertising


By Apryl Duncan


    Deceptive advertising is officially defined by the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) as “practices that have been found misleading or deceptive. Specific cases include false oral or written representations, misleading price claims, sales of hazardous or systematically defective products or services without adequate disclosures, failure to disclose information regarding pyramid sales, use of bait and switch techniques, failure to perform promised services, and failure to meet warranty obligations. 

    However, it’s important to note that deceptive advertising does not represent the entire industry, and makes up a very small percentage of the ads you will encounter every day. But there are always people out there looking to dupe consumers and make money in any way that they can. Here are some examples of deceptive and unethical advertising practices and scams that you need to look out for.

Hidden Fees

    In this example, the advertising is not fully disclosing the true cost of the item. You may see an ad for a computer or tablet that says “Only $99!” and you can’t wait to go into the store and buy it or order it online. However, suddenly you are hit with a whole bunch of charges that you were not expecting. In some cases, shipping fees will be extortionate, often costing more than the product itself. Or, you may have to pay handling fees that are excessive. 

    Often, hidden fees can be spotted by the asterisk (*) that accompanies the incredible deal. Guaranteed, there will be a big difference between “Only $99!” and “Only $99!*” That asterisk basically says “hey, this is not the final price, you will have to jump through major hoops or fork over a lot more cash.” So, if you see an asterisk, read the small print carefully. Whether it’s a small item, a car, or even a home, hidden fees are a deceptive way of luring you in. By the time you realize there’s more to pay, it can be too late.

Bait and Switch

    In short, bait and switch is when the advertisement entices you with a product, but makes a significant switch when you go to purchase it.


    For instance, suddenly the laptop you wanted is not in stock, but there is a different one that is lower spec and costs twice as much. Chances are that the original laptop was never in stock, or at least, not for the price advertised. 

    Another example would be advertising a car at the base price, but with all of the top-of-the-line features included in the ad. When you get to the dealership, you have to pay much more to get the car actually shown in the ad. Sometimes, an offer can feel like bait and switch but it’s not. If you want that laptop and it is sold out, but you are offered a similar laptop with a very similar spec, at an almost identical price, that’s perfectly fine. You just missed out on the original deal.

Misleading Claims

    Misleading claims use tricky language to make the consumer believe they are getting one thing when they are in fact getting less (or paying more). A British TV show called The Real Hustle had a great example of this in action. The presenters, who know the ins and outs of so many con games, set up stalls to sell seemingly awesome products at cheap prices.

    At no time do the hustlers break the law by making claims that are untrue, but the verbiage leads people to believe they are buying something way better than they’re actually getting. One of the cruelest was advertising a DIY model plane for a price that seemed like a steal. Things like “easy to assemble” and “it really flies” were on the box. But inside...

it was just a blank sheet of paper, with a set of instructions on how to make a paper plane. Did they break the law? No. Did they deceive? Yes. 

Ambiguous or “Best Case Scenario” Photography

    Another way of cheating people is to take photographs of the product being sold, but in a way that makes them seem way better than they are. Shady hotels have often used this technique to make the rooms look bigger, by setting up the camera in the corner of the room and using a fisheye lens.

    Food photography can suffer from the “best case scenario” photography. If you have ever ordered a burger from a fast food place, you will know this well. The burger on the menu is perfect. It’s thick, juicy, 4 inches high, and looks incredible. But the burger you receive, while it may have the same ingredients, is a sad interpretation of that image. The bun is flat, the burger is a mess, ketchup and mustard are pouring out of the sides.

    This is something we accept as consumers because we know the burger in the photograph was assembled by expert designers and food artists, over the course of many hours, whereas the poor kitchen hand has to throw your burger together in a few seconds to meet your time demands. But, don’t take that to mean you can never complain about this kind of photography. If you buy something that is clearly of poorer quality than the item shown in the picture, you can demand a refund. 

(Adapted from www.thebalancecareers.com, February 02, 2019)


A
form, render, entice, lose, establish.
B
entice, render, form, lose, establish.
C
establish, form, render, lose, entice.
D
form, lose, entice, render, establish.
E
form, establish, lose, render, entice.
8601e9d7-04
ESPM 2019 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

The following advertisements are examples of which deceptive practices, respectively?



A
Hidden Fees and Bait and Switch.
B
Bait and Switch and Misleading Claims.
C
Ambiguous or “Best Case Scenario” Photography and Misleading Claims.
D
Misleading Claims and Hidden Fees.
E
Misleading Claims and Bait and Switch.
85bcc4df-04
ESPM 2019 - Matemática - Probabilidade

Cinco alunos são convidados a participar de um jogo. Nesse jogo, o professor vai sorte - ar um número inteiro no intervalo fechado de 1 a 40, mantendo-o escondido, e cada aluno vai falar um número distinto, dentro desse intervalo. Ganha o palpite que mais se aproximar do número sorteado. Se os números ditos pelos alunos estão nas alternativas abaixo, assinale aquela que tem a maior probabilidade de vencer:

A
11
B
2
C
29
D
36
E
22
857c5819-04
ESPM 2019 - Português - Pronomes Indefinidos, Vocativo e Termos Acessórios da Oração: Adjunto Adnominal, Diferença entre Adjunto Adnominal e Complemento Nominal, Adjunto Adverbial e Aposto, Termos essenciais da oração: Sujeito e Predicado, Sintaxe, Concordância verbal, Concordância nominal, Pontuação, Uso da Vírgula, Morfologia - Pronomes

Considere o trecho: “No quintal a aroeira e a pitangueira, o poço, a caçamba velha e o lavadouro, nada sabia de mim” e assinale a afirmação incorreta:

Texto para a questão:

2189cbd9d441d2fdd0d1.png (207×276)

Leia:

    (...) Esta casa do Engenho Novo, conquanto reproduza a de Mata-cavalos, apenas me lembra aquela, e mais por efeito de comparação e de reflexão que de sentimento. Já disse isto mesmo.

    Hão de perguntar-me por que razão, tendo a própria casa velha, na mesma rua antiga, não impedi que a demolissem e vim reproduzi-la nesta. A pergunta devia ser feita a princípio, mas aqui vai a resposta. A razão é que, logo que minha mãe morreu, querendo ir para lá, fiz primeiro uma longa visita de inspeção por alguns dias, e toda a casa me desconheceu. No quintal a aroeira e a pitangueira, o poço, a caçamba velha e o lavadouro, nada sabia de mim. A casuarina era a mesma que eu deixara ao fundo, mas o tronco, em vez de reto, como outrora, tinha agora um ar de ponto de interrogação; naturalmente pasmava do intruso. (...)  

    Tudo me era estranho e adverso. Deixei que demolissem a casa, e, mais tarde, quando vim para o Engenho Novo, lembrou-me fazer esta reprodução por explicações que dei ao arquiteto, segundo contei em tempo.

(Machado de Assis, Dom Casmurro, Capítulo CXLIV)
A
O pronome indefinido “nada” funciona sintaticamente, na oração, como aposto resumidor
B
O segmento “a aroeira e a pitangueira, o poço, a caçamba velha e o lavadouro” exerce a função sintática de sujeito composto.
C
A flexão do verbo no singular (“sabia”) se deve ao fato de haver uma concordância ideológica, ou seja, uma silepse de número.
D
Trata-se de um caso especial de concordância, a qual não segue a regra geral que estabelece: “todo verbo deve concordar em número e pessoa com o núcleo do sujeito”.
E
Após o adjunto adverbial de lugar “No quintal”, poderia haver uma vírgula.
85b33def-04
ESPM 2019 - Matemática - Álgebra, Problemas

O produto de 4 números naturais é igual a 24 e a soma de 2 deles é igual a 8. Pode-se concluir que a soma dos outros dois é igual a:

A
6
B
2
C
4
D
5
E
3
85b00a60-04
ESPM 2019 - Matemática - Áreas e Perímetros, Geometria Plana

Certo país é dividido em 5 regiões cujas áreas (em km²) e respectivas densidades demográficas (hab/km²) são representadas pelas matrizes M e N, nessa ordem:

A B C D E
M = [300 240 450 180 400]
N = [60 40 30 20 25]


Uma operação matricial que permite o cálculo da população total desse país é:

A
M · N
B
M + N
C
M t · N
D
M · N t
E
N t · M
85790119-04
ESPM 2019 - Português - Interpretação de Textos, Uso dos conectivos, Homonímia, Paronímia, Sinonímia e Antonímia, Sintaxe

No trecho: Esta casa do Engenho Novo, conquanto reproduza a de Mata-cavalos, apenas me lembra aquela..., o termo em destaque pode ser substituído sem prejuízo semântico por:

Texto para a questão:

2189cbd9d441d2fdd0d1.png (207×276)

Leia:

    (...) Esta casa do Engenho Novo, conquanto reproduza a de Mata-cavalos, apenas me lembra aquela, e mais por efeito de comparação e de reflexão que de sentimento. Já disse isto mesmo.

    Hão de perguntar-me por que razão, tendo a própria casa velha, na mesma rua antiga, não impedi que a demolissem e vim reproduzi-la nesta. A pergunta devia ser feita a princípio, mas aqui vai a resposta. A razão é que, logo que minha mãe morreu, querendo ir para lá, fiz primeiro uma longa visita de inspeção por alguns dias, e toda a casa me desconheceu. No quintal a aroeira e a pitangueira, o poço, a caçamba velha e o lavadouro, nada sabia de mim. A casuarina era a mesma que eu deixara ao fundo, mas o tronco, em vez de reto, como outrora, tinha agora um ar de ponto de interrogação; naturalmente pasmava do intruso. (...)  

    Tudo me era estranho e adverso. Deixei que demolissem a casa, e, mais tarde, quando vim para o Engenho Novo, lembrou-me fazer esta reprodução por explicações que dei ao arquiteto, segundo contei em tempo.

(Machado de Assis, Dom Casmurro, Capítulo CXLIV)
A
porquanto (relação de causa).
B
entretanto (relação de oposição de ideias que se anulam).
C
embora (relação de oposição de ideias que coexistem).
D
uma vez que (relação de causa).
E
à medida que (relação de proporcionalidade)
85abaed5-04
ESPM 2019 - Matemática - Aritmética e Problemas, Regra de Três

A potência de uma lâmpada incandescente submetida a uma tensão constante é inversamente proporcional à resistência elétrica do seu filamento. Sabe-se também que a resistência (R) do filamento varia com a temperatura (t) dele, segundo a expressão R = R 0 · [1 + α · (t – t 0 )] , onde t 0 é a temperatura inicial, R 0 é a resistência inicial (na temperatura t 0 ) e α é o coeficiente de temperatura do material do filamento.

Suponha que uma lâmpada incandescente cujo filamento tem coeficiente de temperatura α = 0,005 °C – 1 foi ligada a uma fonte de tensão constante e sua temperatura inicial era de 25 °C. Podemos concluir que a potência dessa lâmpada ficará reduzida à metade quando a temperatura do filamento atingir, aproximadamente:

A
250 °C
B
225 °C
C
280 °C
D
200 °C
E
275 °C
85a84aaa-04
ESPM 2019 - Matemática - Pontos e Retas, Geometria Analítica, Funções, Função de 1º Grau

A figura abaixo representa parte do gráfico da função f(x) = M · x /x + N com M e N reais:

50a70bfb2644890c5336.png (384×324)

O valor de f(12) é:

A
7
B
8
C
9
D
10
E
11
85a4cc52-04
ESPM 2019 - Matemática - Análise Combinatória em Matemática

O cofre de um banco só pode ser aberto pelo acionamento de 3 chaves distintas, cada uma em posse de um gerente. As 3 fechaduras têm travas de segurança que só permitem seu acionamento de tempos em tempos, a saber: 12 min, 18 min e 21 min, respectivamente. Num certo dia, esse cofre foi aberto apenas duas vezes durante o expediente, uma às 10h15min e a outra às:

A
15h05min
B
14h48min
C
15h45min
D
16h12min
E
14h27min
859dd75a-04
ESPM 2019 - Matemática - Funções, Função de 2º Grau

Considere a expressão

y = (1 + x) · 1 + x² + x4 + x6 + x8 + ... para 0,2 ⩽ x ⩽ 0,9. O produto dos valores máximo e mínimo que essa expressão pode assumir é igual a:

A
14,5
B
10,5
C
12,5
D
11,5
E
13,5
859a9e59-04
ESPM 2019 - Matemática - Aritmética e Problemas, Potenciação, Álgebra, Radiciação, Frações e Números Decimais

A expressão para x > 0, é equivalente a:

A

6√X-5

B

8√X-3

C

8√X

D

6√X5

E

4√X-3

8596df43-04
ESPM 2019 - Matemática - Funções, Inequação Logarítmica

O conjunto solução da inequação


log0,2 (log2 x) ⩾ 0 nos reais é:

A
]0, 2]
B
]1, 4]
C
[2, + ∞[
D
]1, 2]
E
]1, + ∞[
859312b5-04
ESPM 2019 - Matemática - Potenciação, Álgebra

O valor da expressão numérica


2 · 10–5 + 999982 / 999992 – 1 é igual a:

A
0
B
2
C
1
D
1/ 2
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ESPM 2019 - Literatura - Barroco, Escolas Literárias

A visão depreciativa da existência humana pode ser constatada no seguinte fragmento de Gregório de Matos:


Que és terra Homem, e em terra hás de tornar-te,
Te lembra hoje Deus por sua Igreja,


Identifique em um dos trechos abaixo aquele que possua a mesma temática.

A
Mamãe vestida de rendas
Tocava piano no caos
Uma noite abriu as asas
Cansada de tanto som,
Equilibrou-se no azul,
De tonta não mais olhou
Para mim, para ninguém!
Cai no álbum de retratos.

(“Pré-história”, de Murilo Mendes)
B
E de repente, sim, ali estava a coisa verda-
deira.Um retrato antigo de alguém que não
se conhece e nunca se reconhecerá por-
que o retrato é antigo ou porque o retrata-
do tornou-se pó.

(Perto do Coração Selvagem, de Clarice Lispector)
C
Cada estação da vida é uma edição, que
corrige a anterior, e que será corrigida
também, até a edição definitiva, que o edi-
tor dá de graça aos vermes. 

(Memórias Póstumas de Brás Cubas, de Machado de Assis)
D
Daqui em diante aparece o reverso da me-
dalha. Seguiu-se a morte de Dona Maria, a
do Leonardo-Pataca, e uma enfiada de acon-
tecimentos tristes que pouparemos aos leito-
res, fazendo aqui o ponto final.

(Memórias de um Sargento de Milícias, de Manuel Antônio de Almeida)
E
O homem, em qualquer estado que esteja, é
certo que foi pó, e há de tornar a ser pó. Foi
pó, e há de tomar a ser pó? Logo é pó. Porque
tudo o que vive nesta vida, não é o que é: é o
que foi e o que há de ser.

(Sermão de Quarta-Feira de Cinzas, do Padre Antônio Vieira)

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ESPM 2019 - Literatura - Gênero Épico ou Narrativo, Gêneros Literários

Considere os dois excertos que seguem.


I

E disse: “Ó gente ousada, mais que quantas

No mundo cometeram grandes cousas,

Tu, que por guerras cruas, tais e tantas,

E por trabalhos vãos nunca repousas (...)”


(Os Lusíadas, Luís de Camões, canto V)

II
Aqui ao leme sou mais do que eu:
Sou um povo que quer o mar que é teu;
E mais que o mostrengo, que me a alma teme
E roda nas trevas do fim do mundo,
Manda a vontade, que me ata ao leme,
De El-Rei D. João Segundo!

(Mensagem, de Fernando Pessoa, 2.ª parte)


Em I, o Gigante Adamastor fala aos navegantes portugueses que queriam, pioneiramente, atravessar o Cabo das Tormentas a caminho das Índias; em II, o timoneiro fala ao mostrengo o porquê de a embarcação lusitana estar enfrentando os perigos do mar. A partir dos excertos e dos comentários, assinale a afirmação que esteja incorreta.

A
Ambos os fragmentos trazem em suas falas o sentido de coletividade do povo português.
B
Os dois excertos fazem menção ao fundamento histórico da expansão ultramarina promovida por Portugal.
C
A fala do Gigante, em I, acusa os portugueses de guerreiros cruéis; a do timoneiro, em II, é mais branda, tem um tom de pedido.
D
Camões, poeta clássico renascentista, usou a medida nova dos versos decassílabos; Fernando Pessoa, modernista, fez métrica irregular.
E
Metaforicamente, os fragmentos demonstram que a expansão lusitana passou por obstáculos caros ao ser humano.