Questõesde PUC - RJ 2012

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PUC - RJ 2012 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

UNESCO and the Council of Europe are referred to in paragraph 4 (lines 31-48) because

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A
these two organisms first coined the term interculturalism.
B
they defend the use of the term multiculturalism in place of interculturalism.
C
these agencies exemplify the claim for the integration of social groups through intercultural dialogues.
D
the Council of Europe has promoted German and Greek education programs that UNESCO has funded.
E
both UNESCO and the Council of Europe have established 2008 as the European Year of Intercultural Dialogue.
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PUC - RJ 2012 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

“The European Parliament and Council adopted the Decision to implement the European Year of Intercultural Dialogue 2008 (EYID) in December 2006, as a component of the EU’s response to increasing cultural diversity in Europe. The EYID aimed to promote the benefits of this diversity, encouraging all those living in Europe to explore its cultural heritage and take advantage of opportunities to learn from different cultural traditions. The emphasis was on intercultural dialogue, as distinct from multiculturalism, the former implying interaction and developing common solutions, rather than simply living side-by-side.”

From Evaluation of the European Year of Intercultural Dialogue, published in August 2009, .


This excerpt can be said to

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A
disclose the aims of the EYID differently from what has been informed by Modood & Meer.
B
express a distinct definition of multiculturalism from that conveyed by Modood & Meer’s text.
C
support the coexistence of different cultural traditions in juxtaposed non-interactive environments.
D
reinforce the concept of interculturalism as integration and blending as Modood & Meer exposed.
E
contrast with Modood & Meer’s argument in favor of cultural diversity and learning from distinct social traditions.
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PUC - RJ 2012 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

In the full version of this article, when argumenting their thesis, the authors included the excerpt below as an illustration of one of their statements.


“Clitoridectomy, for example, is often cited as an illiberal practice in the discussions we are referring to. It is, however, a cultural practice among various ethnic groups, and has little support from any religion; indeed, religious condemnation may be the most effective way of eliminating it. So to favour ethnicity and problematise religion is a reflection of a secularist bias that has alienated many religionists, especially Muslims.”


Which statement from the text would this example support?

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A
“…or encouraged a moral hesitancy amongst ‘native’ populations.” (lines 19-20)
B
“It is said that the diversity of the locations that migrants and ethnic minorities herald from gives rise not to the creation of communities or groups but to a churning mass of languages, ethnicities and religions all cutting across each other and creating a ‘superdiversity’.” (lines 87-92)
C
“whereas interculturalism has the capacity to criticise and censure culture (as part of a process of intercultural dialogue), and so is more likely to emphasise the protection of individual rights.” (lines 147-151)
D
“This is problematic given that some of these practices are not religious but cultural.” (lines 175-176)
E
“but that ‘recognition’ should be given to the identities that marginalised groups themselves value and find strength in, whether these be racial, religious or ethnic.” (lines 180-182)
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PUC - RJ 2012 - Inglês - Vocabulário | Vocabulary, Sinônimos | Synonyms, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

In the fragment “An intercultural perspective is better served to these sociological realities, it is argued, in a way that can be contrasted against a multiculturalism that emphasises strong ethnic or cultural identities at the expense of wider cultural exchanges.” (lines 92-96), the expression ‘at the expense of…’ can be substituted, without change in meaning, by

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A
owing to
B
in addition to
C
in opposition to
D
regardless of
E
to the detriment of
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PUC - RJ 2012 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

The authors, in the original publication of this text, added the following paragraph to support one of their arguments.


“Another landmark text is Bhikhu Parekh’s Rethinking Multiculturalism (2000). His argument is that cultural diversity has an intrinsic value precisely because it challenges people to evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of their own cultures and ways of life. He distinguishes his multiculturalism from various liberal and communitarian positions that may recognise that cultures can play an important role in making choices meaningful for their members, or host the development of the self for the members of that culture.”


This paragraph would fit in immediately after the paragraph that ends in

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A
“… opportunities to learn from different cultural traditions’.” (lines 47-48)
B
“… the things our significant others want to see in us’.” (lines 75-76)
C
“…or cultural identities at the expense of wider cultural exchanges.” (lines 95-96)
D
“…diversity that is explicitly in opposition to federal Canadian multiculturalism.” (lines 106-107)
E
“...such contemporary concerns do not enjoy a widespread appeal.” (lines 135-136)
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PUC - RJ 2012 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

All of the following statements reflect characteristics of the concept of interculturalism EXCEPT

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A
communication amongst different social groups will favor recognition of each other’s identities.
B
cultural exchanges allow for the understanding of the different sociological characteristics of the communities.
C
cohesion among groups of different social or national backgrounds can be reached by a blending in of their differences into a more unified overall identity.
D
minorities should be encouraged to incorporate the traditions of the dominant social group so that a national identity be preserved.
E
intercultural dialogue has room for critical perspectives on cultural differences and for the defense of individual and minority rights.
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PUC - RJ 2012 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

According to paragraph 7 (lines 65-76), it can be inferred that Charles Taylor

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A
is not recognized by many as the real father of the term multiculturalism.
B
is a renowned politician who argues in favor of cultural interdependence
C
wrote a sound defense of multiculturalism in the history of Canadian society.
D
believes that people should always fight against the expectations of others.
E
defends the view that identities are shaped through dialogue and mutual exchange.
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PUC - RJ 2012 - Inglês - Vocabulário | Vocabulary, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

In “…the latter is alleged to license such practices.” (lines 169-170) the expression “the latter” refers to

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A
discourses of individual rights and secularism (lines 161-162)
B
criminal sharia law (line 167)
C
positive law (line 167)
D
the radical “otherness” (line 168)
E
multiculturalism (line 169)
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PUC - RJ 2012 - Inglês - Sinônimos | Synonyms, Palavras conectivas | Connective words

The word in bold is substituted by the word in parentheses, without change in meaning, in

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A
“despite Germany having never adopted a multiculturalist policy agenda.” - lines 9-10 (furthermore)
B
“even though an anti-multicultural rhetoric has now achieved traction” - lines 12-13 (since)
C
“Alongside these anxieties over multiculturalism,” - line 22 (in spite of)
D
“Indeed, 2008 was designated as the European Year of Intercultural Dialogue (EYID),” - lines 42-44 (However)
E
“Thus it encourages resentment, fragmentation and disunity.” - lines 124-125 (Hence)
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PUC - RJ 2012 - Espanhol - Interpretação de Texto | Comprensión de Lectura

El principal objetivo del artículo es

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A
informar los beneficios y perjuicios de una práctica que causa polémica entre los médicos y se mantiene oculta entre los padres: el colecho.
B
difundir las estadísticas sobre la cantidad de niños que duermen con sus padres en la Provincia de Buenos Aires.
C
criticar a las madres que realizan el colecho y lo ocultan por ser una práctica mal vista por los pediatras y por la sociedad como un todo.
D
mostrar la gran influencia que ejerce el psicoanálisis sobre la educación de los hijos en las familias argentinas.
E
aconsejar a los futuros padres sobre los beneficios que trae el colecho hasta los dos años de edad en la vida de los niños y de la pareja.
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PUC - RJ 2012 - Espanhol - Sinônimos | Sinónimo, Vocabulário | Vocabulario

Luego de la cita de las palabras del pediatra Alejandro Jenik (línea 85) aparece el verbo subrayar.

El único sinónimo correcto para este verbo es

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A
parlotear
B
proferir
C
exponer
D
aludir
E
resaltar
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PUC - RJ 2012 - Espanhol - Significação Contextual de Palavras e Expressões | Significacción Contextual de Palabras y Expresiones, Vocabulário | Vocabulario

Marque la única alternativa donde la correspondencia semántica NO es correcta:

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A
sostienen que la quita intimidad a la pareja (linear4)

Dos pesonas que mantienen una relación afectiva


B
que la  resistencia es por prejuicio(leneas2-3)

Juício u opinión tomada de antemano y sin el conocimento necessario


C
Hay que tener la cuna al lado de la cama(lineas 78-79)

Camila para niños con unas barandillas laterales.


D
como almohadas colchas(leneas 113-114)

Cada una de las dos piezas de lienzo, algodón, u otro tejido que cubren la cama.


E
enciende algunas alarmas (linea 96)

Prender, avivar, iluminar.
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PUC - RJ 2012 - Espanhol - Pronomes | Pronombres, Interpretação de Texto | Comprensión de Lectura

En el fragmento “Los que se oponen, sostienen que le quita intimidad a la pareja y que deja a la mujer en el rol de madre sin pausa”. (líneas 3-4 y 5)

El pronombre le se refiere a

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A
la pareja.
B
la mujer.
C
la madre.
D
la intimidad.
E
la pausa.
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PUC - RJ 2012 - Espanhol - Interpretação de Texto | Comprensión de Lectura

Lee las afirmaciones que siguen:

I - La mitad de los niños duerme con sus padres en la cama durante los primeros 12 meses.

II - La mitad de las familias de clase social baja practica el colecho.

III - Para evitar riesgo de muerte súbita el bebé no debe dormir en super? cies blandas.

Llevando en cuenta lo que dice el texto, son verdaderas:

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A
I y II.
B
I y III.
C
sólo I.
D
sólo II.
E
sólo III.
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PUC - RJ 2012 - Espanhol - Sinônimos | Sinónimo, Vocabulário | Vocabulario

En el fragmento “Uno termina llevándolos a la cama porque está cansado o porque lo disfruta, porque quizá los ve poco durante el día y de noche necesita tenerlos cerca”. (líneas 22-23-24 y 25)

El adverbio quizá puede ser reemplazado por

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A
solamente
B
únicamente
C
de vez en cuando
D
tal vez
E
ocasionalmente
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PUC - RJ 2012 - Espanhol - Interpretação de Texto | Comprensión de Lectura

Señala la única afirmación FALSA o que NO se menciona en el texto.

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A
El colecho no es aconsejable cuando los padres sufren sobrepeso.
B
Alejandro Jenik no recomienda que los padres dejen llorar al bebé.
C
La falta de sueño aumenta las chances de muerte súbita en los lactantes.
D
Es difícil sacar al bebé de la cama de los padres en forma rápida.
E
El colecho es un hábito que se lleva a cabo sólo en Occidente.
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PUC - RJ 2012 - Espanhol - Significação Contextual de Palavras e Expressões | Significacción Contextual de Palabras y Expresiones, Vocabulário | Vocabulario

Señale la alternativa en que la palabra entre paréntesis NO define correctamente la palabra subrayada.

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A
“.....la Encuesta Anual sobre Lactancia Materna” (línea 17, consulta)
B
“.....registró cerca de 54.000 casos” (línea 19, casi)
C
“....si uno se rinde ante los deseos del pequeño infante” (líneas 7-8, se fatiga)
D
“.... la interrupción de una práctica de crianza” (línea 66, educación)
E
“......Recién pasados los dos añitos” (línea 20, apenas)
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PUC - RJ 2012 - Espanhol - Conjunções | Conjunciones, Significação Contextual de Palavras e Expressões | Significacción Contextual de Palabras y Expresiones, Vocabulário | Vocabulario

En el fragmento “Eso dicen. Pero, ¿eso hacen?” (líneas 11-13) La conjunción pero establece respecto a la oración anterior una relación de

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A
consecuencia
B
adición
C
oposición
D
finalidad
E
condición
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PUC - RJ 2012 - Espanhol - Interpretação de Texto | Comprensión de Lectura

El artículo llama la atención sobre falsas creencias o mitos que circulan entre los padres.

Identifica uno de los mitos apuntados en el artículo.

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A
El llanto prolongado provoca problemas psicológicos.
B
El colecho estimula una personalidad dependiente.
C
La privación del sueño incentiva un comportamiento manipulador.
D
La lactancia prolongada genera niños más seguros.
E
El destete abrupto perjudica emocionalmente a los niños.
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PUC - RJ 2012 - Outros Idiomas - Francês - Interpretação de Textos

Le guitariste du groupe affirme qu’il

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A
ne veut plus jouer
B
veut mourir en paix.
C
n’a plus de force pour se présenter en publique.
D
veut jouer encore longtemps.
E
doit bientôt prendre sa retraite.