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MACKENZIE 2011 - Inglês - Advérbios e conjunções | Adverbs and conjunctions

The words that properly fill in blanks I, II, III, IV and V, in the text, are


HOW EFFECTIVE IS YOUR TEACHERESE?
By Stephan Hughes
    Why is it that most of our students whine that they are able to almost fully understand what we say in the classroom but when faced with English in a real-life situation, the level of comprehension falls to near bottom, leading to their puzzlement, frustration and despair (in that order)?
    Some reasons for the phenomenon: teachers use a special language called teacherese. It is tailored form of the English language, which allows students to follow and obtain at least a global comprehension of what is being uttered. The speed is toned down somewhat, the lexis is full of Portuguese-like cognates so as to help students make necessary associations and/or simultaneous translations. Its linguistic variation is limited, especially at lower proficiency levels.
    __( I )__ what is most noteworthy of teacherese is that its inability to stretch students’ listening skills may lie more in the fact that teachers, non-native in particular, barely use the rich idiomatic language that is used in magazines, newspapers, TV shows, movies, songs – in short, in real life situations that they usually face. The lexis may not necessarily be second nature to ELT professionals, __( II )__ its absence in everyday use in the classroom.
    Another reason: apart from using teacherese, most teachers don’t have any legitimate speaking opportunities outside of the classroom, __( III )__ reducing their oral skills to instructional and explanatory phrases or typical fixed expressions prescribed in the course book. Giving these educators opportunities to use the language naturally – be it in conversational settings arranged by the institutions or with native speakers in loco or online – may be crucial to whittle away at the problem.
    A third and final reason: familiarity breeds ease, which in turn breeds comprehension. The more time students stay with a said teacher, the easier it might be for them to understand them and get used to their accent, intonation, lexical choice and pace. This is a point that cannot be ignored and is worth looking into.
    __( IV )__ the question we need to ask ourselves is: how effective is the language we use in the classroom and to what extent this effectiveness plays a vital role in helping our students understand the world around them in English? __( V )__, in a communicative context, the teacher is but should not be the ultimate language model for the students, so students should not gauge their listening competence by the teacher. The catch is exposing students to more and more real language in the classroom and fostering effective listening strategies.
Braz-Tesol Newsletter
A
Thus – as a result – then – Yet – For
B
Just – consequently – furthermore – And – Only
C
Or – therefore – in addition – But – So
D
Then – however – for – So that – In short
E
But – hence – thus – So – After all
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MACKENZIE 2011 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

The bodies found in the Rue Morgue,

The Murders in the Rue Morgue 
By Edgar Allan Poe

    “…The apartment was in the wildest disorder - the furniture broken and thrown about in all directions. There was only one bedstead; and from this the bed had been removed, and thrown into the middle of the floor. On a chair lay a razor, besmeared with blood. On the hearth were two or three long and thick tresses of grey human hair, also dabbled in blood, and seeming to have been pulled out by the roots. Upon the floor were found four Napoleons, an ear-ring of topaz, three large silver spoons, three smaller of métal d’Alger, and two bags, containing nearly four thousand francs in gold. The drawers of a bureau, which stood in one corner, were open, and had been, apparently, rifled, although many articles still remained in them. A small iron safe was discovered under the bed (not under the bedstead). It was open, with the key still in the door. It had no contents beyond a few old letters, and other papers of little consequence.
    Of Madame L’Espanaye no traces were here seen; but an unusual quantity of soot being observed in the fire-place, a search was made in the chimney, and (horrible to relate!) the corpse of the daughter, head downward, was dragged therefrom; it having been thus forced up the narrow aperture for a considerable distance. The body was quite warm. Upon examining it, many excoriations were perceived, no doubt occasioned by the violence with which it had been thrust up and disengaged. Upon the face were many severe scratches, and, upon the throat, dark bruises, and deep indentations of finger nails, as if the deceased had been throttled to death.
    After a thorough investigation of every portion of the house, without farther discovery, the party made its way into a small paved yard in the rear of the building, where lay the corpse of the old lady, with her throat so entirely cut that, upon an attempt to raise her, the head fell off. The body, as well as the head, was fearfully mutilated - the former so much so as scarcely to retain any semblance of humanity.
    To this horrible mystery there is not as yet, we believe, the slightest clew…”
Edgar Allan Poe – The Murders in the Rue Morgue
A
were all neat and clean.
B
had been awfully mistreated.
C
had all been decapited.
D
had all been found in the chimney of the place.
E
had all been missing for more than a week.
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MACKENZIE 2011 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

The excerpt, from The Murders in the Rue Morgue by Edgar Allan Poe, is describing

The Murders in the Rue Morgue 
By Edgar Allan Poe

    “…The apartment was in the wildest disorder - the furniture broken and thrown about in all directions. There was only one bedstead; and from this the bed had been removed, and thrown into the middle of the floor. On a chair lay a razor, besmeared with blood. On the hearth were two or three long and thick tresses of grey human hair, also dabbled in blood, and seeming to have been pulled out by the roots. Upon the floor were found four Napoleons, an ear-ring of topaz, three large silver spoons, three smaller of métal d’Alger, and two bags, containing nearly four thousand francs in gold. The drawers of a bureau, which stood in one corner, were open, and had been, apparently, rifled, although many articles still remained in them. A small iron safe was discovered under the bed (not under the bedstead). It was open, with the key still in the door. It had no contents beyond a few old letters, and other papers of little consequence.
    Of Madame L’Espanaye no traces were here seen; but an unusual quantity of soot being observed in the fire-place, a search was made in the chimney, and (horrible to relate!) the corpse of the daughter, head downward, was dragged therefrom; it having been thus forced up the narrow aperture for a considerable distance. The body was quite warm. Upon examining it, many excoriations were perceived, no doubt occasioned by the violence with which it had been thrust up and disengaged. Upon the face were many severe scratches, and, upon the throat, dark bruises, and deep indentations of finger nails, as if the deceased had been throttled to death.
    After a thorough investigation of every portion of the house, without farther discovery, the party made its way into a small paved yard in the rear of the building, where lay the corpse of the old lady, with her throat so entirely cut that, upon an attempt to raise her, the head fell off. The body, as well as the head, was fearfully mutilated - the former so much so as scarcely to retain any semblance of humanity.
    To this horrible mystery there is not as yet, we believe, the slightest clew…”
Edgar Allan Poe – The Murders in the Rue Morgue
A
how to fill drawers and closets with objects which can resemble Napoleon and his métal d’Alger.
B
how disorder can be spread after hooligans break into a bureau.
C
how someone gets rid of a few people in an apartment building.
D
how investigation finally figures out who and how the crimes really happened.
E
how a bloody razor can be used to scratch and disengage any sight of criminality in a house.
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MACKENZIE 2010 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

The article states that


The Boom Is Nigh
Why the coming recovery will hurt like hell.

By Gregg Easterbrook

    Home prices keep falling, but productivity is rising fast. GDP grew 5.6 percent in the fourth quarter, yet unemployment remains stubbornly high. Inflation is nonexistent, while the consumer confidence index just rose to 55.9 from 53.6—whatever that means. Can’t make sense of these economic indicators? Don’t worry, because nobody else can, either.
    Here is what you really need to know: a Sonic Boom is coming. It will be caused by globalization. And while globalization may be driving you crazy, it’s just getting started. Thirty years ago, Shenzhen, China, did not exist; today, it has nearly 9 million residents, roughly the same as New York City. In a single generation, it has grown from a village of tarpaper shacks into an important urban center. It has become the world’s fourth-busiest port, busier than Los Angeles and Long Beach combined. Never before has a great city been built so fast, nor a productive economy established from so little.
    The international recession that began in 2008 has made the Sonic Boom quieter, but history shows that when a crisis ends, the larger trends in place before the crisis usually resume. Shenzhen represents the larger trend of growth, change, and transformation at unprecedented velocity. Thanks to vast increases in productivity, worldwide economic growth soon will pick up, creating rising prosperity and higher living standards for most people in most nations. The world will be far more interconnected, leading to better and more affordable products, as well as ever better communication among nations.
    But there’s a big catch: just as favorable economic and social trends are likely to resume, many problems that have characterized recent decades are likely to get worse, too. Job instability, economic insecurity, a sense of turmoil, the fear that even when things seem good a hammer is about to fall—these are also part of the larger trend. As world economies become ever more linked by computers, job stress will become a 24/7 affair. Frequent shakeups in industries will cause increasing uncertainty. The horizon has never been brighter, but we may not feel particularly happy about it.
www.newsweek.com
A
job instability is still feared.
B
a Sonic boom in China is about to happen as soon as the big catch takes over.
C
thirty years ago China did not exist.
D
globalization has grown recently, becoming nonexistent and turning China’s inflation into an important economic feature.
E
the recovery of China is compared to New York City’s power to develop itself throughout hard and shady times.
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MACKENZIE 2010 - Inglês - Vocabulário | Vocabulary, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension, Advérbios e conjunções | Adverbs and conjunctions

In the title of the article, the word nigh


The Boom Is Nigh
Why the coming recovery will hurt like hell.

By Gregg Easterbrook

    Home prices keep falling, but productivity is rising fast. GDP grew 5.6 percent in the fourth quarter, yet unemployment remains stubbornly high. Inflation is nonexistent, while the consumer confidence index just rose to 55.9 from 53.6—whatever that means. Can’t make sense of these economic indicators? Don’t worry, because nobody else can, either.
    Here is what you really need to know: a Sonic Boom is coming. It will be caused by globalization. And while globalization may be driving you crazy, it’s just getting started. Thirty years ago, Shenzhen, China, did not exist; today, it has nearly 9 million residents, roughly the same as New York City. In a single generation, it has grown from a village of tarpaper shacks into an important urban center. It has become the world’s fourth-busiest port, busier than Los Angeles and Long Beach combined. Never before has a great city been built so fast, nor a productive economy established from so little.
    The international recession that began in 2008 has made the Sonic Boom quieter, but history shows that when a crisis ends, the larger trends in place before the crisis usually resume. Shenzhen represents the larger trend of growth, change, and transformation at unprecedented velocity. Thanks to vast increases in productivity, worldwide economic growth soon will pick up, creating rising prosperity and higher living standards for most people in most nations. The world will be far more interconnected, leading to better and more affordable products, as well as ever better communication among nations.
    But there’s a big catch: just as favorable economic and social trends are likely to resume, many problems that have characterized recent decades are likely to get worse, too. Job instability, economic insecurity, a sense of turmoil, the fear that even when things seem good a hammer is about to fall—these are also part of the larger trend. As world economies become ever more linked by computers, job stress will become a 24/7 affair. Frequent shakeups in industries will cause increasing uncertainty. The horizon has never been brighter, but we may not feel particularly happy about it.
www.newsweek.com
A
is an adjective meaning “nocturnal”.
B
is an adverb meaning “near”.
C
is an adjective meaning “up”.
D
is a noun meaning “recovery”.
E
is a verb meaning “coming”.
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MACKENZIE 2010 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension


Illustration by David Simond

www.economist.com
According to the cartoon,

A
the characters can’t have made up their minds about getting a new job.
B
the lawyer may have been leaving home.
C
the law office should have been named after its owner.
D
both of the characters had better stand up to their bosses.
E
the beggar must have been laid off.
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MACKENZIE 2010 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

According to the text, “Lula, Son of Brazil”


Brazil’s presidential biopic
Lula, sanitised
SÃO PAULO

A film for the campaign trail


    ONCE upon a time it was considered indecent to turn living people into myths, or even into films, with too much haste. The cycle seems to be shorter now. Gandhi had to wait until 34 years after his death before he appeared on cinema screens around the world. George Bush junior, by contrast, was the victim of an Oliver Stone biopic during the last year of his presidency. Now a Brazilian director, Fábio Barreto, has done the same for Brazil’s president, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, as he starts his final year of office.
    “Lula, Son of Brazil” is the tale of a poor boy made good, his flaws left on the cutting table and his virtues in close-up. Since Lula hopes to secure the election of his chosen successor, Dilma Rousseff, in October, it is controversial. The film “promotes the worship of a political myth,” said Eugênio Bucci, a critic and journalism professor. Before it was even released Veja, a magazine, pointed out that many of the companies that funded its production (the most expensive in the history of Brazilian cinema) have either won or hope to win contracts from the government.
    For all that, the film is very watchable. It opens in the poor north-east, where Lula was born into a landscape of bright red soil and cacti, and ends with his rise as a metalworkers’ union leader in the industrial belt of São Paulo in the 1970s. This is a candyfloss version of the story, however. Lula’s reverses are shown: the little finger lost to a lathe, the death of his first wife and child in childbirth. But he is too good to be true: a perfect student, perfect husband and political moderate who abhorred violence.
    The book on which the film is based, by contrast, quotes Lula as approving of an incident in which a director of a factory that is on strike is thrown out of a window. In the film he runs from the factory appalled. That is a shame. A more nuanced telling would not detract from Lula’s remarkable life story and achievement.
    The film is doing well at the box office. Its producers say it is running more strongly in the north-east than in the populous south-east, which means it mirrors Ms Rousseff’s fortunes in the polls. There are plans to show the film on mobile screens in places with no cinema. It may get an airing on television, though there is no such deal in place yet.
    All this helps a process of mythmaking around Lula that is already well under way. Catching some of Lula’s stardust is Ms Rousseff’s best hope for capturing the presidency in October, and there are some signs that this is happening. The gap between her and José Serra, her main rival, halved between March and December last year and now stands at 14 points. Competing against a celluloid legend is not easy.
www.economist.com
A
shows how a metalworkers’ union leader hits the big time during the last year of his presidency.
B
has been considered responsible for favoring specific companies in the government as well as Veja magazine.
C
tells an exaggeratedly sentimental side of Lula’s story.
D
was based on a book co-written by the president.
E
is watchable due to its expensive production, superb cinematography and actors’ work.
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MACKENZIE 2010 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

If a person is assertive,


Get into a comfortable, relaxed position. / Shut your eyes and turn your attention inwards. / Think about that assertive experience (real or imagined, yours or someone else’s) and really get into it. / Re-live it as though you are there all over again. / See everything there is to see, / the face of the other person or people / and how they’re responding to you. / Hear the sound of your own voice as you speak. / Hear the sound of any other voices. / Feel really good about the situation. / Feel confident and assertive / and enjoy the feeling. / And when you’re deeply involved in those feelings, capture them for a few seconds with your word, image or gesture. / Stay in the experience a while longer but take away the word, image or gesture. / And now come slowly and gently back to the room.
Success Over Stress by Jane Revell
A
he/she works hard and conscientiously in order to achieve good results.
B
he/she makes a decision or forms a conclusion based on the facts only and does not allow himself/herself to be influenced by his/her own personal feelings or experiences.
C
he/she makes sensible decisions and is good at dealing and solving problems.
D
he/she makes his/her own decisions about his/her life, without relying on others for help, advice or further support.
E
he/she speaks and acts firmly and confidently in company, or in his/her relations with others, so that people listen to him/her and take notice of him/her.
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MACKENZIE 2010 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Read the following statements about the text and choose the appropriate alternative.

I. Not only Fábio Barreto but also Oliver Stone have turned living politicians into myths.
II. Dilma Rousseff will surely benefit from the release of the movie.
III. An incident that took place in a factory is depicted differently from the way it really happened.
IV. The film is about to be available for cell phones next year.
V. Until now producers have had no idea of how well the film is doing in the movie theaters.


Brazil’s presidential biopic
Lula, sanitised
SÃO PAULO

A film for the campaign trail


    ONCE upon a time it was considered indecent to turn living people into myths, or even into films, with too much haste. The cycle seems to be shorter now. Gandhi had to wait until 34 years after his death before he appeared on cinema screens around the world. George Bush junior, by contrast, was the victim of an Oliver Stone biopic during the last year of his presidency. Now a Brazilian director, Fábio Barreto, has done the same for Brazil’s president, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, as he starts his final year of office.
    “Lula, Son of Brazil” is the tale of a poor boy made good, his flaws left on the cutting table and his virtues in close-up. Since Lula hopes to secure the election of his chosen successor, Dilma Rousseff, in October, it is controversial. The film “promotes the worship of a political myth,” said Eugênio Bucci, a critic and journalism professor. Before it was even released Veja, a magazine, pointed out that many of the companies that funded its production (the most expensive in the history of Brazilian cinema) have either won or hope to win contracts from the government.
    For all that, the film is very watchable. It opens in the poor north-east, where Lula was born into a landscape of bright red soil and cacti, and ends with his rise as a metalworkers’ union leader in the industrial belt of São Paulo in the 1970s. This is a candyfloss version of the story, however. Lula’s reverses are shown: the little finger lost to a lathe, the death of his first wife and child in childbirth. But he is too good to be true: a perfect student, perfect husband and political moderate who abhorred violence.
    The book on which the film is based, by contrast, quotes Lula as approving of an incident in which a director of a factory that is on strike is thrown out of a window. In the film he runs from the factory appalled. That is a shame. A more nuanced telling would not detract from Lula’s remarkable life story and achievement.
    The film is doing well at the box office. Its producers say it is running more strongly in the north-east than in the populous south-east, which means it mirrors Ms Rousseff’s fortunes in the polls. There are plans to show the film on mobile screens in places with no cinema. It may get an airing on television, though there is no such deal in place yet.
    All this helps a process of mythmaking around Lula that is already well under way. Catching some of Lula’s stardust is Ms Rousseff’s best hope for capturing the presidency in October, and there are some signs that this is happening. The gap between her and José Serra, her main rival, halved between March and December last year and now stands at 14 points. Competing against a celluloid legend is not easy.
www.economist.com
A
Only I is correct.
B
III and IV are incorrect.
C
Only II is correct.
D
I, II and III are correct.
E
Only V is incorrect.
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MACKENZIE 2010 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

According to the text, choose the right alternative.


Get into a comfortable, relaxed position. / Shut your eyes and turn your attention inwards. / Think about that assertive experience (real or imagined, yours or someone else’s) and really get into it. / Re-live it as though you are there all over again. / See everything there is to see, / the face of the other person or people / and how they’re responding to you. / Hear the sound of your own voice as you speak. / Hear the sound of any other voices. / Feel really good about the situation. / Feel confident and assertive / and enjoy the feeling. / And when you’re deeply involved in those feelings, capture them for a few seconds with your word, image or gesture. / Stay in the experience a while longer but take away the word, image or gesture. / And now come slowly and gently back to the room.
Success Over Stress by Jane Revell
A
The text will teach you to be deeply involved in your feelings through a technique that works your assertiveness through relaxation and gestures meant to focus on question-response activities.
B
The text is instructing you to remember a time when you were able to be honest with someone, or a time when you felt really confident about saying something to someone.
C
The text is showing you how to relax before you really have the chance to get involved with someone’s image or self-esteem for a period of time.
D
The text shows you how to capture someone’s image or gesture as soon as this person is out of sight and his/her assertive personality interferes in your attention inwards.
E
The text helps you test your ability to go further into your feelings and experiment with your five senses: speaking, hearing, smelling, seeing and touching. The result will make you feel more confident and assertive.
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MACKENZIE 2012 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

The pronoun who in “80% of those who are blind don’t have to be” can be replaced by

The following advertisement refers to question.


A
whom or that.
B
which or that.
C
only that.
D
whose or that.
E
whom, that or whose.
02ea2879-db
MACKENZIE 2012 - Inglês - Adjetivos | Adjectives, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

The adjectives that properly fill in blanks I, II, III, IV and V, in the text, are:


Dude Is a Rock Star

Gustavo Dudamel is the Elvis of the orchestra world, and he has the sold-out concerts to prove it. Meet the L.A. Philharmonic conductor who’s bridging the generation gap – and saving classical music.
By Chris Lee

    Meet the maestro called the savior of classical music. “The Dude,” as he’s come to be known, is widely hailed as “the rock-star conductor,” the classical world’s answer to Elvis Presley or Michael Jackson. The __( I )__ conductor is a __( II )__ figure in symphonic music, whose cultural influence belies his relatively young 31 years. With his __( III )__ mane of corkscrew curls, ecstatic podium presence, and unabashedly __( IV )__ interpretations of __( V )__ orchestral works, Dudamel has unleashed a flood of new interest in classical music, bridging the generation gap between pension-age high-culture appreciators and younger listeners.
    And the show is just beginning. “The Mahler Project is immense,” says Deborah Borda, president and chief executive of the L.A. Phil. “When we planned it, I don’t think the two of us completely took in how big it would turn out to be.” It is the kind of bar-raising command performance that audiences have come to expect from the Venezuelan wunderkind – a musician who, whether taking on a Sibelius violin concerto or a Strauss symphony, makes a policy of raising the roof whenever he performs.
    The grueling project also underscores Dudamel’s commitment to El Sistema – “The System” – Venezuela’s tough-love musical-outreach program for youth that made the conductor what he is and still counts him as its most forward face. “An orchestra is a model for an ideal global society – a symbol,” he says in his heavily accented English. “You have to create harmony. Everyone has to listen to each other, this large, complex group of people with different personalities that has to communicate. You have to have discipline. This is where The System works! The point is not to build better musicians. It’s to build better citizens, to see children building their lives from music.”
Newsweek
A
mini, gigantic, terrifying, dismal and light-headed.
B
diminutive, towering, undulating, modern and cherished.
C
tiny, sheer, avoidable, stunted and traditional.
D
trendy, visible, sympathetic, unsuspecting and voluminous.
E
fragile, prodigious, wild, profitable and volatile.
02ef9b7f-db
MACKENZIE 2012 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

According to the ad,

The following advertisement refers to question.


A
proper eye care can only be offered to 80% of blind people at the moment.
B
should you contribute to Orbis, you will help save 20% of those who suffer from blindness.
C
being aware of the problem of blindness can save millions of sick people.
D
there’s no need for the majority of blind people to be like that.
E
saving lives worldwide is Orbis’s purpose regardless of the disease.
02e4daf5-db
MACKENZIE 2012 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

According to the text, Gustavo Dudamel


Dude Is a Rock Star

Gustavo Dudamel is the Elvis of the orchestra world, and he has the sold-out concerts to prove it. Meet the L.A. Philharmonic conductor who’s bridging the generation gap – and saving classical music.
By Chris Lee

    Meet the maestro called the savior of classical music. “The Dude,” as he’s come to be known, is widely hailed as “the rock-star conductor,” the classical world’s answer to Elvis Presley or Michael Jackson. The __( I )__ conductor is a __( II )__ figure in symphonic music, whose cultural influence belies his relatively young 31 years. With his __( III )__ mane of corkscrew curls, ecstatic podium presence, and unabashedly __( IV )__ interpretations of __( V )__ orchestral works, Dudamel has unleashed a flood of new interest in classical music, bridging the generation gap between pension-age high-culture appreciators and younger listeners.
    And the show is just beginning. “The Mahler Project is immense,” says Deborah Borda, president and chief executive of the L.A. Phil. “When we planned it, I don’t think the two of us completely took in how big it would turn out to be.” It is the kind of bar-raising command performance that audiences have come to expect from the Venezuelan wunderkind – a musician who, whether taking on a Sibelius violin concerto or a Strauss symphony, makes a policy of raising the roof whenever he performs.
    The grueling project also underscores Dudamel’s commitment to El Sistema – “The System” – Venezuela’s tough-love musical-outreach program for youth that made the conductor what he is and still counts him as its most forward face. “An orchestra is a model for an ideal global society – a symbol,” he says in his heavily accented English. “You have to create harmony. Everyone has to listen to each other, this large, complex group of people with different personalities that has to communicate. You have to have discipline. This is where The System works! The point is not to build better musicians. It’s to build better citizens, to see children building their lives from music.”
Newsweek
A
has made classical music more appealing to both old-timers and youth.
B
would never have conducted an orchestra better than Elvis Presley or Michael Jackson.
C
also conducts classic rock’n’roll concerts worldwide.
D
states that The Mahler Project has been very well thought of in order to attract a larger audience.
E
complains that his musicians have to listen more to each other, and have to have more discipline in order to bring harmony into his orchestra.
02ddad61-db
MACKENZIE 2012 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

The best way to complete the blank I in the text is

The following text refers to question.


The truth about videogames, please!
By Cheryl K. Olson

    On June 27 the Supreme Court invalidated California’s law prohibiting the sale or rental of violent videogames to people under 18. On a practical level, it was never clear which games might be classified under the law, or who would decide.
    But more important, the state’s case was built on assumptions – that violent games cause children psychological or neurological harm and make them more aggressive and likely to harm other people – that are not supported by evidence. In the end, the case serves only to highlight __________ ( I ) __________ .
    Many people assume that video game violence is awful, but these people haven’t played many video games. The state based its examples of depravity almost exclusively on a little-known game called Postal 2, which is rarely played by children or young teens. The game is outrageous as you can kill animals. A trailer for Postal 3 encourages players to “shoot moms in the face!”
    This may sound disturbing, but it’s also ridiculous. And young people know it: as one 13-year-old said during a study I conducted at Harvard, “With video games, you know it’s fake.”
    In my research on middle school students, the most popular game series among boys was Grand Theft Auto, which allows players to commit cartoon violence with chain saws as well as do perfectly benign things like deliver pizza on a scooter.
    Teenage boys may be more interested in violence, but there’s no evidence that this leads to violent behavior in real life. F.B.I. data shows that youth violence continues to decline; it is now at its lowest rate in years, while bullying appears to be stable or decreasing.
    This certainly does not prove that video games are harmless. The violent games most often played by young teens, like most of the Grand Theft Auto series, are rated M, for a reason and need parental supervision.
    But violence in video games may be less harmful than violence in movies or on the evening news. It seems reasonable but virtually acting out a murder is worse than watching one. But there is no research supporting this, and one could say that interactivity makes games less harmful: the player controls the action, and can stop playing if she or he feels overwhelmed or upset. And there is much better evidence to support psychological harm from exposure to violence on TV news. In fact, such games (in moderation) may actually have some positive effects on developing minds.
Speak Up
A
how did we know about this medium and which is its effects on our children.
B
how little do we know about this medium and what is its effects on our children.
C
little did we knew about this medium and what are its effects on our children.
D
how much little we knew about this medium and their effects on our children.
E
how little we know about this medium and its effects on our children.
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MACKENZIE 2012 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

The sentence that properly fills in blank I in the text is:

www.linguee.com is a website where you can search for the translation of words and expressions from Portuguese into English or English into Portuguese. However, it is not a translation machine – every entry in its database bas been translated by people and all the translations are lifted from bilingual written texts available in the web. _____( I )_____. Since all the words and expressions are viewed in context (short paragraphs) you can check if the translation fits your personal context. It does not translate sentences; you might therefore have to simplify your search and key in words instead.
    It is a very interesting tool to help both students and teachers expand their own range of the expression searched while enabling the simultaneous visualization of how the same expression translates differently in the varied contexts available.
Braz-Tesol
A
Words of every kind have a special meaning when contextualized and properly defined.
B
A sentence is made up of words functioning as subjects, verbs and complements.
C
A bilingual dictionary has the list of words in one language and their explanations in another.
D
Every word or expression is embedded in an appropriate example sentence.
E
This translation process is the process of putting writing or speech into another language.
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MACKENZIE 2012 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

The article clearly states that

The following text refers to question.


The truth about videogames, please!
By Cheryl K. Olson

    On June 27 the Supreme Court invalidated California’s law prohibiting the sale or rental of violent videogames to people under 18. On a practical level, it was never clear which games might be classified under the law, or who would decide.
    But more important, the state’s case was built on assumptions – that violent games cause children psychological or neurological harm and make them more aggressive and likely to harm other people – that are not supported by evidence. In the end, the case serves only to highlight __________ ( I ) __________ .
    Many people assume that video game violence is awful, but these people haven’t played many video games. The state based its examples of depravity almost exclusively on a little-known game called Postal 2, which is rarely played by children or young teens. The game is outrageous as you can kill animals. A trailer for Postal 3 encourages players to “shoot moms in the face!”
    This may sound disturbing, but it’s also ridiculous. And young people know it: as one 13-year-old said during a study I conducted at Harvard, “With video games, you know it’s fake.”
    In my research on middle school students, the most popular game series among boys was Grand Theft Auto, which allows players to commit cartoon violence with chain saws as well as do perfectly benign things like deliver pizza on a scooter.
    Teenage boys may be more interested in violence, but there’s no evidence that this leads to violent behavior in real life. F.B.I. data shows that youth violence continues to decline; it is now at its lowest rate in years, while bullying appears to be stable or decreasing.
    This certainly does not prove that video games are harmless. The violent games most often played by young teens, like most of the Grand Theft Auto series, are rated M, for a reason and need parental supervision.
    But violence in video games may be less harmful than violence in movies or on the evening news. It seems reasonable but virtually acting out a murder is worse than watching one. But there is no research supporting this, and one could say that interactivity makes games less harmful: the player controls the action, and can stop playing if she or he feels overwhelmed or upset. And there is much better evidence to support psychological harm from exposure to violence on TV news. In fact, such games (in moderation) may actually have some positive effects on developing minds.
Speak Up
A
violence on TV or videogames surely makes teens act violently in real life.
B
the lesson teens learn when exposed to videogames is to shoot their moms in the face.
C
not all videogames will exclusively teach you evil things.
D
violence in movies is much more evident than in videogames, for viewers can act out murders on screen.
E
the sale or rental of violent videogames has been considered outrageous by people under 18, according to law invalidated by the U.S. Supreme Court.