Questõesde PUC - RJ sobre Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

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PUC - RJ 2016 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

The author’s main purpose in the text is to


A
list possible reasons that explain why previous attempts of landing a rocket in the ocean did not succeed.
B
inform readers of the difficulties which are involved in launching a rocket.
C
highlight Falcon’s achievement in flying into space and landing vertically at sea.
D
defend the relevance of continuous investments in spacecraft programs.
E
criticize those spacecraft programs which are not fuel efficient.
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PUC - RJ 2016 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

According to the article, some of the companies which are proponents of reusable launch vehicles are, among other things, in fact looking forward to


A
sending people and things into space.
B
resuming the past Star Wars Program.
C
obtaining financial advantages from the American government.
D
surpassing NASA as a leading center for space research.
E
making profitable contracts with the Russian and European companies.
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PUC - RJ 2016 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

According to the author, one positive side-effect of the high costs involved in reusing space shuttles in subsequent launches is the fact that


A
NASA has given up launching rockets.
B
NASA has largely given up on reusable spaceflight.
C
NASA has made an alliance with Russian and European companies.
D
Russia and European countries are now investing on refurbishing shuttles.
E
new space companies have been developing technology to reuse space shuttles with low costs.
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PUC - RJ 2016 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

According to the second paragraph of the text (lines 7-14), what makes Musk’s Falcon 9 rocket a true success is the fact that this is the first time in history that


A
a rocket falls back to Earth at the speed of sound.
B
Nasa launches astronauts into space and has them land on a runway.
C
a rocket is sent to space and lands vertically on a platform at sea.
D
components of space shuttles are recovered after landing in the ocean.
E
an inflatable space habitat is put into orbit.
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PUC - RJ 2015 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

According to Vasily Titov, the greatest challenge NOAA’s Center for Tsunami Research has to face today is to

By Becky Oskin, Senior Writer. Adapted from http://www. livescience.com/49262-indian-ocean-tsunami-anniversary. html. December 26, 2014.  

A
estimate tsunami-induced currents.
B
determine the height of the waves.
C
project when the wave will arrive at shorelines and harbors.
D
predict the extent of flooding.
E
reduce the time they spend working out the details of a tsunami forecast.
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PUC - RJ 2015 - Inglês - Vocabulário | Vocabulary, Sinônimos | Synonyms, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

In the sentence “That means building out the seismic network,” (lines 89-90), building out means to

By Becky Oskin, Senior Writer. Adapted from http://www. livescience.com/49262-indian-ocean-tsunami-anniversary. html. December 26, 2014.  

A
glorify.
B
compress.
C
simplify.
D
incorporate.
E
expand.
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PUC - RJ 2015 - Inglês - Orações Relativas e pronomes relativos | Relative clauses and relative pronouns, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension, Pronomes | Pronouns

The relative pronoun which (line 76), in the fragment “which is relayed by satellite to warning centers”, makes reference to

By Becky Oskin, Senior Writer. Adapted from http://www. livescience.com/49262-indian-ocean-tsunami-anniversary. html. December 26, 2014.  

A
detailed predictions.
B
the wave’s impact.
C
the extent of flooding.
D
data.
E
buoy systems.
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PUC - RJ 2015 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

In paragraph 5 (lines 57-69) tsunami expert, Charitha Pattiaratchi, recalls the critical moments she faced in a Sri Lankan road on Dec.26, 2004. Which of the following proverbs best applies to the statements “I came to the conclusion that I was safe. Well, I was wrong.” (lines 66-67):

By Becky Oskin, Senior Writer. Adapted from http://www. livescience.com/49262-indian-ocean-tsunami-anniversary. html. December 26, 2014.  

A
Practice makes perfect.
B
You can’t judge a book by its cover.
C
Actions speak louder than words.
D
Good things come to those who wait.
E
It is no use crying over spilled milk.
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PUC - RJ 2015 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Given the information in paragraph 4 (lines 42-56), where the author sheds light on how islanders have reacted to tsunami earthquakes along the years, which of the following statements is TRUE?

By Becky Oskin, Senior Writer. Adapted from http://www. livescience.com/49262-indian-ocean-tsunami-anniversary. html. December 26, 2014.  

A
In 2010, the interval between the earthquake and the tsunami was not long enough for people to leave the area.
B
All alert systems reach the islands.
C
People living in coastal areas are bound to die from the impact of a tsunami wave.
D
Every earthquake in the ocean will trigger people’s fear of tsunamis.
E
The regional tsunami alert system sent precise directions to the islanders.
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PUC - RJ 2015 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

According to the second paragraph of the text (lines 9-21), one can arrive at the conclusion that

By Becky Oskin, Senior Writer. Adapted from http://www. livescience.com/49262-indian-ocean-tsunami-anniversary. html. December 26, 2014.  

A
Tsunami experts can’t still predict if a disaster will occur.
B
The 2004 disaster didn’t promote drastic changes in tsunami warning systems.
C
There are still obstacles to be overcome in saving lives in the case of a tsunami threat.
D
Those who live on coastlines are the ones to find shelter most easily.
E
Nowadays networks of monitors and ocean buoys are on alert for the next killer wave all over the world.
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PUC - RJ 2015 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

The aim of the text is to

By Becky Oskin, Senior Writer. Adapted from http://www. livescience.com/49262-indian-ocean-tsunami-anniversary. html. December 26, 2014.  

A
warn the reader about the risks of travelling to coastal towns in the Indian Ocean.
B
inform the reader about the scientific developments on tsunami warning systems.
C
make people aware of the importance of immediate evacuation as soon as they hear a tsunami alert.
D
inspire people to subscribe to charities providing relief to the victims in the tragedy.
E
condemn nations who have done little to invest in tsunami warning systems in the Indian Ocean.
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PUC - RJ 2014 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

The communicative intention of the text is to.

 

 


A
discuss the new roles labor and capital may be adopting in the globalized economy in the near future.
B
blame automation for jeopardizing unskilled workers in most developing countries in the world.
C
justify why cheap, abundant labor will continue to be the only way towards economic progress.
D
argue against the role of technology in the integration of existing sources of labor and capital.
E
reveal that globalization has played a major role in lowering communication and transaction costs.
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PUC - RJ 2014 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

This paragraph would fit in immediately after the paragraph that ends in.

The authors, in the original publication of this text, added the following paragraph to support one of their arguments. “Visit a factory in China’s Guangdong Province, for example, and you will see thousands of young people working day in and day out on routine, repetitive tasks, such as connecting two parts of a keyboard. Such jobs are rarely, if ever, seen anymore in the United States or the rest of the rich world. But they may not exist for long in China and the rest of the developing world either, for they involve exactly the type of tasks that are easy for robots to do. As intelligent machines become cheaper and more capable, they will increasingly replace human labor, especially in relatively structured environments such as factories and especially for the most routine and repetitive tasks. To put it another way, offshoring is often only a way station on the road to automation.”
A
“Fortune will instead favor a third group: those who can innovate and create new products, services, and business models.” (lines 20-22).
B
“And the effect of global competition spills over to the nontradable part of the economy, in both advanced and developing economies.” (lines 40-43).
C
“And this second story is surpassing the first, with some of its greatest effects destined to hit relatively unskilled workers in developing nations.” (lines 64-67).
D
“As work stops chasing cheap labor, moreover, it will gravitate toward wherever the final market is, since that will add value by shortening delivery times, reducing inventory costs, and the like.” (lines 81-84).
E
“In more and more domains, the most cost-effective source of “labor” is becoming intelligent and flexible machines as opposed to low-wage humans in other countries.” (lines 95-98).
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PUC - RJ 2014 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

In paragraph 8 (lines 82-87), the author presents her main argument about what she calls “a rethink of reading".
According to her,

 

  

A
online and offline texts should be formatted the same.
B
the presentation of a text is of no importance for the reader's engagement in it.
C
the presentation of a text is of vital importance for the reader's engagement in it.
D
the packaging of a text should take into account only the aesthetical aspects of a book.
E
we find instructions for what we do with a text in online editions, only.
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PUC - RJ 2014 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

According to the text, digital capital.

 

 


A
has been growing fast only in the developing world.
B
may be blamed for the advances in information technology.
C
does not risk to overthrow the capital's share of national income.
D
will be responsible for the revival of the labor share around the world.
E
an emerging new factor that may pose an imminent threat to capital.
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PUC - RJ 2014 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

In terms of numerical reference.

 

 


A
‘one-third’ (lines 38-39) refers to the (total) amount of goods and services in advanced economies that cannot be purchased.
B
‘30 million’ (line 77) refers to the amount of manufacturing jobs that have been created in the last 18 years in China.
C
‘25 percent’ (line 78) refers to the percentage of manufacturing jobs that have been extinguished in China since 1996.
D
‘over 70 percent’ (line 79) refers to the decrease in the Chinese manufacturing output.
E
‘42’ (line 123) refers to the total number of countries researched by Karabarbounis and Neiman.
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PUC - RJ 2014 - Inglês - Vocabulário | Vocabulary, Sinônimos | Synonyms, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Based on the meanings the words in bold convey in the text,

 

 


A
slighted (line 11) and ignored are not synonymous.
B
reap (line 29) and gain are antonymous.
C
surpassing (line 65) and exceeding are not equivalent in meaning.
D
threaten (line 85) and menace express opposite ideas.
E
jeopardy (line 136) and peril are interchangeable in terms of meaning.
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PUC - RJ 2014 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension, Palavras conectivas | Connective words, Advérbios e conjunções | Adverbs and conjunctions

The expression in bold and the item in italics convey equivalent ideas in.

 

 


A
“As they replicate themselves, they are also creating more capital.” (lines 15-16) – Although.
B
“Fortune will instead favor a third group: those who can innovate and create new products, services, and business models.” (lines 20-22) – thus.
C
“Even though labor is not fully mobile, the other factors increasingly are.” (lines 35-36) – Given that.
D
“As a result, the various components of global supply chains can move to labor’s location with little friction or cost.” (lines 36-38) – Yet.
E
“So after many manufacturing jobs moved from the United States to China, they appear to be vanishing from China as well.” (lines 73-75) – Therefore.
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PUC - RJ 2014 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

The option in which the phrase in boldface is correctly explained is.

 

 


A
‘this broad factor-price equalization’ (lines 5-6) – this equalization of factors that generates high prices.
B
‘the nontradable part of the economy’ (lines 41-42) – the part of the economy that cannot be commercialized.
C
‘interactive voice response systems’ (line 90) – voice systems which are activated by required responses.
D
‘increasingly reliable computer programs’ (lines 93-94) – computer programs that are getting more untrustworthy.
E
‘capital-based technological change’ (line 116) – capital change based on technology.
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PUC - RJ 2014 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

In ‘In describing their findings, Karabarbounis and Neiman are explicit that progress in digital technologies is an important driver of this phenomenon’ (lines 125-128), ‘this phenomenon’ refers to the.

 

 


A
high level of the real gross domestic product in the United States.
B
decline in the relative price of investment goods in the 59 countries studied.
C
progress in digital technologies in countries such as China, India and Mexico.
D
advances in information technology and the lower price of investment goods.
E
significant declines in labor’s share of the gross domestic product in 42 countries.