Mark the option that correctly completes the meaning of
the sentence: Sharks don't __________ their food; they rip
off __________of meat and swallow ________whole.
Text 3
Al Capone
Born in 1899 in Brooklyn, New York, to poor
immigrant parents, Al Capone went on to become the
most infamous gangster in American history. In 1920
during the height of Prohibition, Capone’s multi-million
dollar Chicago operation in bootlegging, prostitution and
gambling dominated the organized crime scene. Capone
was responsible for many brutal acts of violence, mainly
against other gangsters. The most famous of these was the
St. Valentine’s Day Massacre in 1929, in which he
ordered the assassination of seven rivals. Capone was
never indicted for his racketeering but was finally brought
to justice for income-tax evasion in 1931. After serving
six-and-a-half years, Capone was released. He died in
1947 in Miami. Capone’s life captured the public
imagination, and his gangster persona has been
immortalized in the many movies and books inspired by
his exploits.
(Excerpt from the site: http://www.history.com/topics/alcapone. Researched on: October 2015)
Text 3
Al Capone
Born in 1899 in Brooklyn, New York, to poor immigrant parents, Al Capone went on to become the most infamous gangster in American history. In 1920 during the height of Prohibition, Capone’s multi-million dollar Chicago operation in bootlegging, prostitution and gambling dominated the organized crime scene. Capone was responsible for many brutal acts of violence, mainly against other gangsters. The most famous of these was the St. Valentine’s Day Massacre in 1929, in which he ordered the assassination of seven rivals. Capone was never indicted for his racketeering but was finally brought to justice for income-tax evasion in 1931. After serving six-and-a-half years, Capone was released. He died in 1947 in Miami. Capone’s life captured the public imagination, and his gangster persona has been immortalized in the many movies and books inspired by his exploits.
(Excerpt from the site: http://www.history.com/topics/alcapone. Researched on: October 2015)
Gabarito comentado
Resposta correta: A
Tema central: collocations (combinações lexicais), concordância e referência pronominal em inglês. A questão exige identificar a forma verbal adequada, o substantivo no número correto e o pronome objeto que retoma esse substantivo.
Resumo teórico:
- Verb choice: "chew" é o verbo correto para "mastigar" (Cambridge Dictionary).
- Countable nouns: "chunk" é substantivo contável; no contexto fala-se de pedaços => plural "chunks".
- Pronoun agreement: pronomes objetos (them) devem concordar em número e função com o antecedente ("chunks").
Por que a alternativa A é correta: A sequência chew – chunks – them produz sentido e gramática corretos: verbo no presente negativo, substantivo plural para "pedaços" e o pronome objeto plural que retoma esse substantivo. A ordem atende à sintaxe e à referência clara (them = those chunks).
Análise das alternativas incorretas:
- B (Chunks – them – chew): ordem errada; a primeira lacuna pede verbo, não substantivo; a terceira lacuna exige pronome/objeto, não verbo.
- C (Them – chew – chunks): começa com pronome onde se exige verbo; sequência sem sentido sintático.
- D (Chew – them – chucks): terceiro termo é chucks, grafia incorreta e sem sentido (provavelmente erro tipográfico por "chunks"); além disso, a posição de "them" no meio quebra a referência correta.
- E (Chunks – chew – them): mesma falha de ordem que B: não respeita a função esperada em cada lacuna.
Estratégias para provas:
- Leia a frase inteira e identifique que tipo de palavra falta em cada lacuna (verbo, substantivo, pronome).
- Use substituição mental: coloque opções e verifique se há concordância e referência clara.
- Atenção a pegadinhas: erros de grafia (chucks) ou propostas com a ordem correta de palavras trocada.
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