Questão dabb6fc9-76
Prova:UNIVESP 2018
Disciplina:Inglês
Assunto:Advérbios e conjunções | Adverbs and conjunctions, Tradução | Translation
No trecho do terceiro parágrafo – As contemporary systems
of slavery have evolved – o termo em destaque equivale, em
português, a
No trecho do terceiro parágrafo – As contemporary systems
of slavery have evolved – o termo em destaque equivale, em
português, a
Leia o texto para responder a questão.
Modern-day slavery: an explainer
Photograph: Mario Tama/Getty
What is modern-day slavery?
About 150 years after most countries banned slavery –
Brazil was the last to abolish its participation in the transatlantic
slave trade, in 1888 – millions of men, women and children are
still enslaved. Contemporary slavery takes many forms, from
women forced into prostitution, to child slavery in agriculture
supply chains or whole families working for nothing to pay
off generational debts. Slavery thrives on every continent and
in almost every country. Forced labour, people trafficking,
debt bondage and child marriage are all forms of modern-day
slavery that affect the world’s most vulnerable people.
How is slavery defined? Slavery is prohibited under the 1948 Universal Declaration
of Human Rights, which states: “No one shall be held in slavery
or servitude: slavery and the slave trade shall be prohibited in
all their forms.” Definitions of modern-day slavery are mainly taken
from the 1956 UN supplementary convention, which says:
“debt bondage, serfdom, forced marriage and the delivery
of a child for the exploitation of that child are all slavery-like
practices and require criminalisation and abolishment”. The
1930 Forced Labour Convention defines forced labour as “all
work or service which is exacted from any person under the
menace of any penalty and for which the said person has
not offered himself voluntarily”. As contemporary systems of
slavery have evolved, new definitions, including trafficking and
distinguishing child slavery from child labour, have developed.
How many people are enslaved across the world? Due to its illegality, data on modern-day slavery is difficult
to collate. The UN’s International Labour Organisation (ILO)
estimates that about 21 million people are in forced labour
at any point in time. The ILO says this estimate includes
trafficking and other forms of modern slavery. The only
exceptions are trafficking for organ removal, forced marriage
and adoption, unless the last two practices result in forced
labour. The ILO calculates that 90% of the 21 million are
exploited by individuals or companies, while 10% are forced
to work by the state, rebel military groups, or in prisons under
conditions that violate ILO standards. Sexual exploitation
accounts for 22% of slaves.
(www.theguardian.com/global-development/2013/apr/03/modern-day-slavery-explainer. Adaptado)
Leia o texto para responder a questão.
Modern-day slavery: an explainer
Photograph: Mario Tama/Getty
What is modern-day slavery?
About 150 years after most countries banned slavery –
Brazil was the last to abolish its participation in the transatlantic
slave trade, in 1888 – millions of men, women and children are
still enslaved. Contemporary slavery takes many forms, from
women forced into prostitution, to child slavery in agriculture
supply chains or whole families working for nothing to pay
off generational debts. Slavery thrives on every continent and
in almost every country. Forced labour, people trafficking,
debt bondage and child marriage are all forms of modern-day
slavery that affect the world’s most vulnerable people.
How is slavery defined?
Slavery is prohibited under the 1948 Universal Declaration
of Human Rights, which states: “No one shall be held in slavery
or servitude: slavery and the slave trade shall be prohibited in
all their forms.”
Definitions of modern-day slavery are mainly taken
from the 1956 UN supplementary convention, which says:
“debt bondage, serfdom, forced marriage and the delivery
of a child for the exploitation of that child are all slavery-like
practices and require criminalisation and abolishment”. The
1930 Forced Labour Convention defines forced labour as “all
work or service which is exacted from any person under the
menace of any penalty and for which the said person has
not offered himself voluntarily”. As contemporary systems of
slavery have evolved, new definitions, including trafficking and
distinguishing child slavery from child labour, have developed.
How many people are enslaved across the world?
Due to its illegality, data on modern-day slavery is difficult
to collate. The UN’s International Labour Organisation (ILO)
estimates that about 21 million people are in forced labour
at any point in time. The ILO says this estimate includes
trafficking and other forms of modern slavery. The only
exceptions are trafficking for organ removal, forced marriage
and adoption, unless the last two practices result in forced
labour. The ILO calculates that 90% of the 21 million are
exploited by individuals or companies, while 10% are forced
to work by the state, rebel military groups, or in prisons under
conditions that violate ILO standards. Sexual exploitation
accounts for 22% of slaves.
(www.theguardian.com/global-development/2013/apr/03/modern-day-slavery-explainer. Adaptado)
A
à medida que.
B
como.
C
mesmo que.
D
depois de.
E
além de.
Gabarito comentado
Áida Setton ZylberglejdProfessora de Inglês e Tradutora. Certificado de Proficiência pela Cambridge University. Tutora na Polytechnic of Central London.
A questão cobra interpretação de um texto sobre a escravidão contemporânea e também cobra conhecimento de gramática, especificamente sobre conjunções.
As contemporary systems of slavery have evolved...
Tradução -À medida que os sistemas contemporâneos de escravidão evoluíram...
Apenas para contextualizar, vejamos o trecho em questão:
As contemporary systems of slavery have evolved, new definitions, including trafficking and distinguishing child slavery from child labour, have developed.Tradução - À medida que os sistemas contemporâneos de escravidão evoluíram, novas definições, incluindo tráfico e distinção entre escravidão e trabalho infantil, foram desenvolvidas.
A palavra "as" em Inglês, dependendo da sentença, pode assumir várias classes gramaticais: preposição, advérbio ou conjunção. Consequentemente, admite várias traduções. Veja alguns exemplos:
- Tom’s not as old as you, is he? = Tom não é tão velho quanto você, é?
- Dad dressed up as Santa Claus. = Papai se vestiu como Papai Noel.
- As a young man, Eliot had studied art in Paris. Quando jovem, Eliot estudou arte em Paris.
- We asked Philip to come with us, as he knew the road. = Pedimos a Philip que nos acompanhasse, já que ele conhecia o caminho.
- As time passed, things seemed to get worse.= À medida que o tempo passava, as coisas pareciam piorar.
No parágrafo 3, como você pode ver pela tradução acima, a conjunção "as" significa "à medida que".
Gabarito do Professor: Alternativa A
