About the fragment “more than six in 10 also
said the United States had not completed its
mission in Afghanistan”, in the last paragraph, it
is incorrect to affirm that:
Read text 2 to answer question.
Text 2
For Obama, Big Rise in Poll Numbers After
Bin Laden Raid
Support for President Obama has risen
sharply following the killing of Osama bin Laden
by American military forces in Pakistan. Support
for the president rose significantly among both
Republicans and independents.
Among independents, his approval rating
increased 11 points from last month, to 52
percent, while among Republicans it rose 15
points, to 24 percent. Among Democrats, 86
percent supported his job performance,
compared with 79 percent in April.
In all, 57 percent said they now approved of
the president’s job performance, up from 46
percent last month. More than six in 10
Americans said that killing Bin Laden was likely
to increase the threat of terrorism against the
United States in the short term. Nearly half said
the nation should decrease troop levels in
Afghanistan, but more than six in 10 also said the United States had not completed its mission
in Afghanistan.
Adapted from: The New York Times. Available in
http://www.nytimes.com/2011/05/05/us/politics/05poll.html
?hp.
Access on: May 04, 2011.
Read text 2 to answer question.
Text 2
For Obama, Big Rise in Poll Numbers After Bin Laden Raid
Support for President Obama has risen sharply following the killing of Osama bin Laden by American military forces in Pakistan. Support for the president rose significantly among both Republicans and independents.
Among independents, his approval rating increased 11 points from last month, to 52 percent, while among Republicans it rose 15 points, to 24 percent. Among Democrats, 86 percent supported his job performance, compared with 79 percent in April.
In all, 57 percent said they now approved of the president’s job performance, up from 46 percent last month. More than six in 10 Americans said that killing Bin Laden was likely to increase the threat of terrorism against the United States in the short term. Nearly half said the nation should decrease troop levels in Afghanistan, but more than six in 10 also said the United States had not completed its mission in Afghanistan.
Adapted from: The New York Times. Available in http://www.nytimes.com/2011/05/05/us/politics/05poll.html ?hp. Access on: May 04, 2011.
Gabarito comentado
Resposta correta: E
Tema central: análise de um fragmento quanto a quantificadores, proporção, conectivo aditivo, referência pronominal e estrutura verbal. Esses pontos são frequentes em provas de Reading e "Linguistic aspects".
Resumo teórico breve:
“More than” indica quantidade aproximada/inexacta (quantificador partitivo); “six in 10” é uma expressão de proporção (6 de cada 10); “also” funciona como marcador aditivo; pronomes possessivos como “its” estabelecem referência ao antecedente mais próximo logicamente compatível; e construções como “had not completed” são formas verbais compostas onde “had” é auxiliar e “completed” é particípio, formando um único predicado com um mesmo sujeito (ver Cambridge Dictionary; Huddleston & Pullum, CGEL).
Justificativa da alternativa correta (E):
A afirmação E diz que os verbos “had” e “completed” têm sujeitos diferentes. Isso é incorreto. Em “the United States had not completed its mission…”, “had” é o auxiliar do tempo perfeito e “completed” é o particípio; ambos pertencem à mesma locução verbal e compartilham o mesmo sujeito (“the United States”). Logo, é incorreto afirmar que têm sujeitos diferentes — por isso E é a alternativa que corresponde à frase “é incorreto afirmar que”.
Análise das demais alternativas (por que estão corretas):
A — Correto: “more than” realmente indica uma quantidade inexacta/estimada.
B — Correto: “six in 10” expressa proporção (6 de cada 10 pessoas).
C — Correto: “also” adiciona informação (função aditiva/consecutiva).
D — Correto: o pronome “its” retoma “the United States” (posse da missão), sendo referência adequada e coerente com o contexto.
Dica de prova: identifique a função gramatical das palavras (quantificador, proporção, conectivo, pronome, locução verbal). Verifique se auxiliaries + particípio formam um único predicado — isso evita a pegadinha da alternativa E.
Fontes rápidas: Cambridge Dictionary (verb structures, quantifiers) e Huddleston & Pullum, The Cambridge Grammar of the English Language (estrutura verbal composta).
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