Questõesde PUC - RJ 2014

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PUC - RJ 2014 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Automation, according to what is expressed in Paragraph 8 (lines 85-98), cannot be held fully accountable for.

 

 


A
low productivity and skill levels of workers in developed countries.
B
menacing jobs in the call center sector in the developing world.
C
developing reliable computer systems to do transcription work.
D
threatening low-wage humans in many different areas.
E
low wages paid to workers in developing countries.
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PUC - RJ 2014 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Thomas Piketty is mentioned in Paragraph 9 (lines 100-117) because he is.

 

 


A
a world-famous writer of best-selling books in the area of international affairs.
B
a visionary writer capable of anticipating capital-based technological changes all around the world.
C
a best-selling author who specializes in economic forecasts for the US in the 21st century and beyond.
D
an economist who discussed the role of capital’s share of the economy in the 21st century in a recently published book.
E
a controversial economist who believes that robots, computers and software will completely substitute human workers in the 21st century.
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PUC - RJ 2014 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

In paragraph 7 (lines 66-81), the author defends the idea that magazine editors should borrow some of the elements that poets have long used to cue readers to pay attention to their poems. Among these elements, the one that is NOT mentioned is:

 

  

A
The artistic language used in poetry.
B
The sparse formatting of the text.
C
The use of empty spaces around and inside the text.
D
The lack of graphic distractions.
E
The unconventional formatting of the text.
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PUC - RJ 2014 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

In “… part of that drop may reflect revisions in the methods of gathering data.)” (lines 79-81) the writer expresses a(n).

 

 


A
unquestionable truth.
B
concrete possibility.
C
absolute obligation.
D
logical necessity.
E
improbable guess.
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PUC - RJ 2014 - Inglês - Sinônimos | Synonyms

The word nudge, in the fragment “how elements of presentation and design can serve as signals to nudge the reader into the mental activities that do justice to the text.” (lines 67-70), is closest in meaning to.

 

  

A
encourage.
B
annoy.
C
disturb.
D
transform.
E
trouble.
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PUC - RJ 2014 - Inglês - Vocabulário | Vocabulary, Sinônimos | Synonyms, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

In the fragments “…wages are held down by increasing competition from workers displaced from the tradable sector.” (lines 59-60) and “(Reliable data on this transition are hard to come by…” (lines 75-76), held down and come by mean, respectively,

 

 


A
revealed – find.
B
restrained – obtain.
C
repressed – trust.
D
raised – acquire.
E
curbed – doubt.
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PUC - RJ 2014 - Inglês - Sinônimos | Synonyms

In the fragment “The research should also motivate publishers…” (line 66), “should” conveys the idea of.

 

  

A
obligation.
B
possibility.
C
recommendation.
D
condition.
E
request.
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PUC - RJ 2014 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

In Paragraph 5 (lines 44-60) the authors explain why, in a technological and globalized world,

 

 


A
high wages are earned by all workers in developing countries.
B
economic laws state that all workers cannot earn the same wages.
C
developed countries consumers do not profit from low cost competition.
D
workers in different countries can do the same task and receive similar payment.
E
displaced workers in advanced industrial countries are now employment generators.
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PUC - RJ 2014 - Inglês - Pronome demonstrativo | Demonstrative pronoun, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension, Pronomes | Pronouns

The demonstrative “those” (line 64), in the fragment “from those that are involved in reading your Twitter feed or thumbing through a paperback romance novel”, makes reference to.

 

  

A
styles of presentation (line 60).
B
hard-copy textbook (line 62).
C
sets off (line 63).
D
cognitive activities (line 63).
E
paperback romance novel (line 65).
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PUC - RJ 2014 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

According to the text, technology is “moving the world much closer to a single, large global market for labor, capital, and other inputs to production.” (lines 33-35) despite the.

 

 


A
full mobility of low-cost labor.
B
high transaction and communication costs.
C
inefficiencies in services in advanced economies.
D
rising number of tradable goods in the world.
E
lacking in mobility of the labor sector.
590a1360-3c
PUC - RJ 2014 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

In paragraph 6 (lines 49-65), the author claims that.

 

  

A
the cognitive activities triggered when reading a hard- copy textbook or a Twitter feed are possibly analogous.
B
the font, the style of presentation and the format are examples of subtle cues that impact on our cognitive goals when reading from screens or from paper.
C
it is easy to engage the mind into processing online information.
D
according to a study, people consider product reviews with easy-to-read fonts more reliable than reviews with hard-to-read fonts.
E
the subtle cues that influence our cognitive goals during the activity of reading distract us from understanding argumentative texts.
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PUC - RJ 2014 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

The two subtitles found in the text (LABOR PAINS and CAPITAL PUNISHMENT).

 

 


A
indicate that both labor and capital are being substituted by recent advances in technology.
B
predict that both labor and capital will flow according to job creation and income distribution.
C
forecast challenging times for labor and capital in the global economy.
D
highlight the importance of globalization and automation growth.
E
anticipate somber days for the future of market investment.
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PUC - RJ 2014 - Inglês - Palavras conectivas | Connective words

In the fragment “But, in reality, the whole reading-asdigestion metaphor is deeply flawed.” (lines 37-38), the connector But could be replaced by.

 

  

A
Therefore.
B
Moreover.
C
Furthermore.
D
What is more.
E
However.
7dbbcea8-3c
PUC - RJ 2014 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

In Paragraph 3, the authors affirm that “…in the future, ideas will be the real scarce inputs in the world” (lines 27-28) because.

 

 


A
only few creative and innovative citizens will be favored by fortune.
B
ideas will not be as highly valued in the future as they are nowadays.
C
the intensive spread of technology will prevent the proliferation of good ideas.
D
labor and capital will replace the strategic importance of ideas in the creation of new jobs.
E
new products, services and business models will depend less on the existence of good ideas.
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PUC - RJ 2014 - Inglês - Vocabulário | Vocabulary, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

In the fragment “the effort of navigating text onscreen interferes with the processing of information”, “processing” (lines 29-30) is to “process” as:

 

  

A
”thinking” (line 18) is to “think”.
B
“consuming” (line 20) is to “consume”.
C
“ingesting” (line 22) is to “ingest”.
D
“reading” (line 64) is to “read”.
E
“abandoning” (line 83) is to “abandon”.
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PUC - RJ 2014 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

According to the information presented on lines 23 to 26, the referred distribution of income takes the form of a power law, in which.

 

 


A
the power of those who innovate and create new products is restrained.
B
the distortion of income distribution in nations around the world is downgraded.
C
a small group of innovative professionals is significantly rewarded.
D
a functional relationship between some classes of fortune winners is denied.
E
the income distribution in most technological and developed countries can be refuted.
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PUC - RJ 2014 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

The expression in boldface introduces an idea of emphasis in:

 

  

A
“And yet, the company that just published my textbook…” (line 3).
B
“The information is exactly the same, so why would students opt…” (line 8).
C
“This is because we’re used to thinking about reading…” (line 17).
D
“The research should also motivate publishers…” (line 66).
E
“In fact, the packaging of text likely contains…” (lines 85-86).
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PUC - RJ 2014 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

In Paragraph 2, 'both of whom' (line 19) refers to.

 

 


A
“machines" (line 14) and “human labor" (line 15).
B
“the real winners of the future" (line 17) and “the providers of cheap labor" (line 18).
C
“the real winners of the future" (line 17) and “those who can innovate and create new products, services, and business models" (lines 21-22).
D
“the providers of cheap labor" (line 18) and “the owners of ordinary capital" (lines 18-19).
E
“cheap labor" (line 18) and “ordinary capital" (lines 18-19).
58f646c7-3c
PUC - RJ 2014 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Given the information in lines 1-11, which of the following statements is TRUE?

 

  

A
Most students prefer buying electronic books.
B
The author understands the students' options concerning the book format.
C
The price is a major concern for students when purchasing books.
D
The author's students prefer physical books rather than e-books.
E
The library is not equipped with electronic books.
7dad3739-3c
PUC - RJ 2014 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

The argumentation presented in the fragment “Recent advances in technology have created an increasingly unified global marketplace for labor and capital.” (lines1-3) is structured by.

 

 


A
description.
B
enumeration.
C
cause-effect.
D
problem-solution.
E
chronological sequence.