Questõesde MACKENZIE 2012

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MACKENZIE 2012 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

The pronoun who in “80% of those who are blind don’t have to be” can be replaced by

The following advertisement refers to question.


A
whom or that.
B
which or that.
C
only that.
D
whose or that.
E
whom, that or whose.
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MACKENZIE 2012 - Inglês - Adjetivos | Adjectives, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

The adjectives that properly fill in blanks I, II, III, IV and V, in the text, are:


Dude Is a Rock Star

Gustavo Dudamel is the Elvis of the orchestra world, and he has the sold-out concerts to prove it. Meet the L.A. Philharmonic conductor who’s bridging the generation gap – and saving classical music.
By Chris Lee

    Meet the maestro called the savior of classical music. “The Dude,” as he’s come to be known, is widely hailed as “the rock-star conductor,” the classical world’s answer to Elvis Presley or Michael Jackson. The __( I )__ conductor is a __( II )__ figure in symphonic music, whose cultural influence belies his relatively young 31 years. With his __( III )__ mane of corkscrew curls, ecstatic podium presence, and unabashedly __( IV )__ interpretations of __( V )__ orchestral works, Dudamel has unleashed a flood of new interest in classical music, bridging the generation gap between pension-age high-culture appreciators and younger listeners.
    And the show is just beginning. “The Mahler Project is immense,” says Deborah Borda, president and chief executive of the L.A. Phil. “When we planned it, I don’t think the two of us completely took in how big it would turn out to be.” It is the kind of bar-raising command performance that audiences have come to expect from the Venezuelan wunderkind – a musician who, whether taking on a Sibelius violin concerto or a Strauss symphony, makes a policy of raising the roof whenever he performs.
    The grueling project also underscores Dudamel’s commitment to El Sistema – “The System” – Venezuela’s tough-love musical-outreach program for youth that made the conductor what he is and still counts him as its most forward face. “An orchestra is a model for an ideal global society – a symbol,” he says in his heavily accented English. “You have to create harmony. Everyone has to listen to each other, this large, complex group of people with different personalities that has to communicate. You have to have discipline. This is where The System works! The point is not to build better musicians. It’s to build better citizens, to see children building their lives from music.”
Newsweek
A
mini, gigantic, terrifying, dismal and light-headed.
B
diminutive, towering, undulating, modern and cherished.
C
tiny, sheer, avoidable, stunted and traditional.
D
trendy, visible, sympathetic, unsuspecting and voluminous.
E
fragile, prodigious, wild, profitable and volatile.
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MACKENZIE 2012 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

The sentence that properly fills in blank I in the text is:

www.linguee.com is a website where you can search for the translation of words and expressions from Portuguese into English or English into Portuguese. However, it is not a translation machine – every entry in its database bas been translated by people and all the translations are lifted from bilingual written texts available in the web. _____( I )_____. Since all the words and expressions are viewed in context (short paragraphs) you can check if the translation fits your personal context. It does not translate sentences; you might therefore have to simplify your search and key in words instead.
    It is a very interesting tool to help both students and teachers expand their own range of the expression searched while enabling the simultaneous visualization of how the same expression translates differently in the varied contexts available.
Braz-Tesol
A
Words of every kind have a special meaning when contextualized and properly defined.
B
A sentence is made up of words functioning as subjects, verbs and complements.
C
A bilingual dictionary has the list of words in one language and their explanations in another.
D
Every word or expression is embedded in an appropriate example sentence.
E
This translation process is the process of putting writing or speech into another language.
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MACKENZIE 2012 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

According to the text, Gustavo Dudamel


Dude Is a Rock Star

Gustavo Dudamel is the Elvis of the orchestra world, and he has the sold-out concerts to prove it. Meet the L.A. Philharmonic conductor who’s bridging the generation gap – and saving classical music.
By Chris Lee

    Meet the maestro called the savior of classical music. “The Dude,” as he’s come to be known, is widely hailed as “the rock-star conductor,” the classical world’s answer to Elvis Presley or Michael Jackson. The __( I )__ conductor is a __( II )__ figure in symphonic music, whose cultural influence belies his relatively young 31 years. With his __( III )__ mane of corkscrew curls, ecstatic podium presence, and unabashedly __( IV )__ interpretations of __( V )__ orchestral works, Dudamel has unleashed a flood of new interest in classical music, bridging the generation gap between pension-age high-culture appreciators and younger listeners.
    And the show is just beginning. “The Mahler Project is immense,” says Deborah Borda, president and chief executive of the L.A. Phil. “When we planned it, I don’t think the two of us completely took in how big it would turn out to be.” It is the kind of bar-raising command performance that audiences have come to expect from the Venezuelan wunderkind – a musician who, whether taking on a Sibelius violin concerto or a Strauss symphony, makes a policy of raising the roof whenever he performs.
    The grueling project also underscores Dudamel’s commitment to El Sistema – “The System” – Venezuela’s tough-love musical-outreach program for youth that made the conductor what he is and still counts him as its most forward face. “An orchestra is a model for an ideal global society – a symbol,” he says in his heavily accented English. “You have to create harmony. Everyone has to listen to each other, this large, complex group of people with different personalities that has to communicate. You have to have discipline. This is where The System works! The point is not to build better musicians. It’s to build better citizens, to see children building their lives from music.”
Newsweek
A
has made classical music more appealing to both old-timers and youth.
B
would never have conducted an orchestra better than Elvis Presley or Michael Jackson.
C
also conducts classic rock’n’roll concerts worldwide.
D
states that The Mahler Project has been very well thought of in order to attract a larger audience.
E
complains that his musicians have to listen more to each other, and have to have more discipline in order to bring harmony into his orchestra.
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MACKENZIE 2012 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

The best way to complete the blank I in the text is

The following text refers to question.


The truth about videogames, please!
By Cheryl K. Olson

    On June 27 the Supreme Court invalidated California’s law prohibiting the sale or rental of violent videogames to people under 18. On a practical level, it was never clear which games might be classified under the law, or who would decide.
    But more important, the state’s case was built on assumptions – that violent games cause children psychological or neurological harm and make them more aggressive and likely to harm other people – that are not supported by evidence. In the end, the case serves only to highlight __________ ( I ) __________ .
    Many people assume that video game violence is awful, but these people haven’t played many video games. The state based its examples of depravity almost exclusively on a little-known game called Postal 2, which is rarely played by children or young teens. The game is outrageous as you can kill animals. A trailer for Postal 3 encourages players to “shoot moms in the face!”
    This may sound disturbing, but it’s also ridiculous. And young people know it: as one 13-year-old said during a study I conducted at Harvard, “With video games, you know it’s fake.”
    In my research on middle school students, the most popular game series among boys was Grand Theft Auto, which allows players to commit cartoon violence with chain saws as well as do perfectly benign things like deliver pizza on a scooter.
    Teenage boys may be more interested in violence, but there’s no evidence that this leads to violent behavior in real life. F.B.I. data shows that youth violence continues to decline; it is now at its lowest rate in years, while bullying appears to be stable or decreasing.
    This certainly does not prove that video games are harmless. The violent games most often played by young teens, like most of the Grand Theft Auto series, are rated M, for a reason and need parental supervision.
    But violence in video games may be less harmful than violence in movies or on the evening news. It seems reasonable but virtually acting out a murder is worse than watching one. But there is no research supporting this, and one could say that interactivity makes games less harmful: the player controls the action, and can stop playing if she or he feels overwhelmed or upset. And there is much better evidence to support psychological harm from exposure to violence on TV news. In fact, such games (in moderation) may actually have some positive effects on developing minds.
Speak Up
A
how did we know about this medium and which is its effects on our children.
B
how little do we know about this medium and what is its effects on our children.
C
little did we knew about this medium and what are its effects on our children.
D
how much little we knew about this medium and their effects on our children.
E
how little we know about this medium and its effects on our children.
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MACKENZIE 2012 - Português - Interpretação de Textos, Noções Gerais de Compreensão e Interpretação de Texto

Considerado o contexto, todas as alternativas explicam adequadamente a expressão extraída do fragmento, EXCETO:

Texto para a questão


Machado de Assis, A mão e a luva
A
chegam aos cinquenta anos sem nunca passar dos quinze (linha 04): conservam a mesma beleza e esplendor da juventude.
B
tão cegas, tão verdes (linha 05): adjetivos que, conotativamente, expressam a ideia de ingenuidade, infantilidade.
C
amadurecem na sazão das flores (linhas 06 e 07): referência a um amadurecimento emocional e intelectual desenvolvido em curto espaço de tempo, precocemente.
D
vai a passo ou galopa (linha 10): referência ao fato de o coração bater às vezes em ritmo normal, outras vezes em ritmo mais acelerado.
E
não se perde nem perde o cavaleiro (linha 11): alusão ao controle emocional de algumas pessoas.
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MACKENZIE 2012 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

The article clearly states that

The following text refers to question.


The truth about videogames, please!
By Cheryl K. Olson

    On June 27 the Supreme Court invalidated California’s law prohibiting the sale or rental of violent videogames to people under 18. On a practical level, it was never clear which games might be classified under the law, or who would decide.
    But more important, the state’s case was built on assumptions – that violent games cause children psychological or neurological harm and make them more aggressive and likely to harm other people – that are not supported by evidence. In the end, the case serves only to highlight __________ ( I ) __________ .
    Many people assume that video game violence is awful, but these people haven’t played many video games. The state based its examples of depravity almost exclusively on a little-known game called Postal 2, which is rarely played by children or young teens. The game is outrageous as you can kill animals. A trailer for Postal 3 encourages players to “shoot moms in the face!”
    This may sound disturbing, but it’s also ridiculous. And young people know it: as one 13-year-old said during a study I conducted at Harvard, “With video games, you know it’s fake.”
    In my research on middle school students, the most popular game series among boys was Grand Theft Auto, which allows players to commit cartoon violence with chain saws as well as do perfectly benign things like deliver pizza on a scooter.
    Teenage boys may be more interested in violence, but there’s no evidence that this leads to violent behavior in real life. F.B.I. data shows that youth violence continues to decline; it is now at its lowest rate in years, while bullying appears to be stable or decreasing.
    This certainly does not prove that video games are harmless. The violent games most often played by young teens, like most of the Grand Theft Auto series, are rated M, for a reason and need parental supervision.
    But violence in video games may be less harmful than violence in movies or on the evening news. It seems reasonable but virtually acting out a murder is worse than watching one. But there is no research supporting this, and one could say that interactivity makes games less harmful: the player controls the action, and can stop playing if she or he feels overwhelmed or upset. And there is much better evidence to support psychological harm from exposure to violence on TV news. In fact, such games (in moderation) may actually have some positive effects on developing minds.
Speak Up
A
violence on TV or videogames surely makes teens act violently in real life.
B
the lesson teens learn when exposed to videogames is to shoot their moms in the face.
C
not all videogames will exclusively teach you evil things.
D
violence in movies is much more evident than in videogames, for viewers can act out murders on screen.
E
the sale or rental of violent videogames has been considered outrageous by people under 18, according to law invalidated by the U.S. Supreme Court.
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MACKENZIE 2012 - Português - Interpretação de Textos, Figuras de Linguagem, Variação Linguística, Noções Gerais de Compreensão e Interpretação de Texto

Considere os seguintes traços de estilo:

I. Evidência de metáforas na composição do discurso descritivo.
II. Marca linguística que denuncia a presença do interlocutor no texto.
III. Sinais explícitos de reflexão metalinguística, ou seja, discurso que tematiza o próprio fazer literário.

No texto,

Texto para a questão


Machado de Assis, A mão e a luva
A
apenas as características I e II estão presentes.
B
apenas a característica I está presente.
C
apenas as características II e III estão presentes.
D
apenas as características I e III estão presentes.
E
as características I, II e III estão presentes.
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MACKENZIE 2012 - Português - Interpretação de Textos, Noções Gerais de Compreensão e Interpretação de Texto

Assinale a alternativa correta.

Texto para a questão


Machado de Assis, A mão e a luva
A
O narrador onisciente apresenta-nos a personagem Guiomar como uma jovem de acentuada tendência às paixões, traço alusivo ao estilo romântico da primeira fase do escritor.
B
Na linha 03, a referência a um grande tino e sagacidade naturais, característica da figura feminina descrita, lembra outras personagens machadianas, como, por exemplo, Capitu, do romance D.Casmurro.
C
A linguagem presente às linhas 09, 10 e 11 revela que a personagem mais madura, referida como inglesa, jamais perde o controle das situações passionais.
D
Com a frase o crepúsculo é o prolongamento da aurora (linha 06), o narrador de primeira pessoa, tipicamente machadiano, revela sua visão de mundo marcada pelo humor e crença na harmonia existencial, em que vida e morte se fundem.
E
Na expressão ruga da reflexão no espírito (linhas 07 e 08), Machado de Assis faz, indiretamente, um juízo de valor negativo acerca do estilo realista.
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MACKENZIE 2012 - Português - Interpretação de Textos, Morfologia - Verbos, Artigos, Estrutura das Palavras: Radical, Desinência, Prefixo e Sufixo, Flexão verbal de tempo (presente, pretérito, futuro), Coesão e coerência, Flexão verbal de modo (indicativo, subjuntivo, imperativo), Morfologia, Noções Gerais de Compreensão e Interpretação de Texto

Assinale a alternativa correta.

Texto para a questão


Adaptado de Chega de saudade, de Ruy Castro
A
A palavra nativos (linha 01) faz referência aos habitantes naturais do Brasil: os milhares de indígenas massacrados no processo de colonização.
B
A expressão daquele ano (linha 03) estabelece coesão, pois antecipa referência que ainda será explicitada ao longo do texto.
C
Os vocábulos sambistas e cambistas (linha 11) apresentam sufixo que denota o agente de determinadas ações.
D
É indiferente a presença ou ausência do artigo definido o no trecho todo o Rio de Janeiro era um Carnaval (linhas 15 e 16).
E
Em seu emprego no texto, a forma diria (linha 17) denota temporalidade que indica ação hipotética, jamais efetivamente realizada.
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MACKENZIE 2012 - Português - Interpretação de Textos, Noções Gerais de Compreensão e Interpretação de Texto

Considere as seguintes afirmações:

I. Trata-se de um texto que exemplifica uma tendência da poesia contemporânea marcada pela oposição a padrões acadêmicos rígidos, obedecidos, por exemplo, pela poesia parnasiana.
II. A proposta estética implícita nesse poema confirma posições defendidas pelo movimento modernista brasileiro de 22.
III. O poema valoriza clichês linguísticos – por exemplo, sujeito escaleno e agramática – , como forma de criticar o experimentalismo estético.

Assinale

Texto para a questão


Manoel de Barros, “Poema VII”
A
todas as afirmações estão corretas.
B
apenas as afirmações I e II estão corretas.
C
apenas as afirmações II e III estão corretas.
D
apenas as afirmações I e III estão corretas.
E
nenhuma afirmação está correta.
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MACKENZIE 2012 - Português - Estrutura das Palavras: Radical, Desinência, Prefixo e Sufixo, Morfologia

O valor do prefixo da palavra agramática encontra-se também em:

Texto para a questão


Manoel de Barros, “Poema VII”
A
anagrama.
B
acrópole.
C
adjunto.
D
amoral.
E
análise.
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MACKENZIE 2012 - Português - Interpretação de Textos, Noções Gerais de Compreensão e Interpretação de Texto

Assinale a alternativa correta.

Texto para a questão


Manoel de Barros, “Poema VII”
A
O verso Gostar de fazer defeitos na frase é muito saudável (v.7) denota o desprezo com que o Padre Ezequiel se dirigiu ao enunciador, já que se apresenta como um paradoxo.
B
O segmento meu primeiro professor de agramática (v.11 e 12) é índice da visão equivocada que o menino de 13 anos tinha das aulas de gramática normativa.
C
A imagem estranha no verso Eu pensava que fosse um sujeito escaleno (v.6) pode ser corretamente considerada como concretização do que o eu lírico denomina doença da linguagem.
D
O início do poema – Descobri aos 13 anos – é a frase que identifica o eu lírico do texto como um jovem adolescente.
E
O segmento o que me dava prazer nas leituras (v.1 e 2) deve ser compreendido como uma ironia, pois o eu lírico declara não sentir prazer na beleza das frases (v.2).
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MACKENZIE 2012 - Português - Interpretação de Textos, Homonímia, Paronímia, Sinonímia e Antonímia

Considerado o contexto, todas as alternativas traduzem adequadamente o sentido do termo em destaque, EXCETO:

Texto para a questão


Adaptado de Chega de saudade, de Ruy Castro
A
eufórico (linha 07) = exultante
B
apalermado (linha 13) = atônito
C
vicariamente (linha 14) = em substituição
D
espalhafato (linha 14) = alvoroço
E
elenco (linha 16) = conjunto de artistas famosos
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MACKENZIE 2012 - Português - Interpretação de Textos, Noções Gerais de Compreensão e Interpretação de Texto

Considere as seguintes afirmações:

I. O texto faz implicitamente uma crítica ao Carnaval dos nossos tempos, concentrados no luxo televisivo e espetacular das dispendiosas escolas de samba.
II. O narrador observa, nostalgicamente, velhos tempos carnavalescos da cidade carioca, quando imperava a alegria das marchinhas e do Carnaval de rua.
III. A leveza das letras e ritmo das marchinhas são contrapostos a um ritmo pesado e nada leve dos sambas-enredo atuais.

Assinale:

Texto para a questão


Adaptado de Chega de saudade, de Ruy Castro
A
se apenas as alternativas I e II estiverem corretas.
B
se apenas as alternativas II e III estiverem corretas.
C
se apenas as alternativas I e III estiverem corretas.
D
se todas as alternativas estiverem corretas.
E
se nenhuma das alternativas estiver correta.
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MACKENZIE 2012 - Português - Interpretação de Textos, Denotação e Conotação

Assinale a alternativa que NÃO apresenta uso de linguagem figurada.

Texto para a questão


Adaptado de Chega de saudade, de Ruy Castro
A
(linha 02) - As cuícas iriam roncar.
B
(linhas 02 e 03) - as válvulas dos Philcos já pegavam fogo.
C
(linha 04) - a Rádio Nacional martelava “Chiquita Bacana”.
D
(linha 10) - nada a ver com os paquidérmicos sambas-enredo.
E
(linha 13) - ninguém ficava apalermado em casa.
02a7e9ce-db
MACKENZIE 2012 - Português - Interpretação de Textos, Uso dos dois-pontos, Homonímia, Paronímia, Sinonímia e Antonímia, Coesão e coerência, Conjunções: Relação de causa e consequência, Pontuação, Morfologia, Noções Gerais de Compreensão e Interpretação de Texto

Assinale a alternativa INCORRETA.

Texto para a questão


Adaptado de Chega de saudade, de Ruy Castro
A
A palavra inquietos (linha 01) poderia ser substituída, sem prejuízo para o sentido original do fragmento, por “irrequietos”.
B
Os dois pontos (linha 06) introduzem explicitação do que foi afirmado no período imediatamente anterior.
C
A conjunção adversativa mas (linha 09) pode ser substituída pela equivalente “e”, sem que haja alteração semântica do trecho.
D
A expressão nada a ver (linha 10) apresenta duas possibilidades de grafia: a própria “nada a ver” e a equivalente “nada há ver”.
E
A expressão em função (linha 11) denota sentido de explicação, equivalente ao que seria expresso também pela forma “por causa de”.