Questõessobre Sinônimos | Synonyms

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FPS 2017 - Inglês - Vocabulário | Vocabulary, Sinônimos | Synonyms, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

In “President Trump praised the malaria initiative and the President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief as examples of leadership in humanitarian assistance by the United States” (paragraph 5), the word “praised” could be replaced, with no change in meaning, by all the words below BUT:

Read TEXT 1 below and answer question

TEXT 1

World Health Officials Describe Progress Against Tetanus, H.I.V. and Malaria


    Infant and maternal tetanus was officially eliminated from the Americas this year, the Pan American Health Organization announced on Thursday. At one time, the infection killed about 10,000 newborns annually in the Western Hemisphere; tetanus still kills about 35,000 infants around the world. It was one of several significant global health advances, including new programs against malaria and H.I.V., announced last week in conjunction with the meeting of the United Nations General Assembly in New York.
    Haiti was the last country in the Americas to eliminate neonatal tetanus. That does not mean complete eradication, because the bacteria that cause tetanus exist everywhere in soil and animal droppings. Rather, elimination means that thanks to vaccination of mothers and clean birth procedures — less than one case occurs per 1,000 live births.
    The Americas have generally led the world in eliminating diseases for which vaccines exist. In this hemisphere, smallpox was eliminated in 1971, polio in 1994, rubella in 2015 and measles in 2016 (the diseases are sometimes reintroduced, as measles was at Disneyland in 2014, but outbreaks are usually brought quickly under control).
    Also this week, the President’s Malaria Initiative said it would expand its work to new countries in West and Central Africa, protecting 90 million more people. The initiative, founded in 2005 as part of the United States Agency for International Development, has been a major force in driving down worldwide malaria deaths by about 40 percent in the past decade. The disease most often kills young children and pregnant women. The expansion in Cameroon, Ivory Coast, Niger, Sierra Leone and Burkina Faso was made possible because Congress increased funding for the initiative in fiscal year 2017, a representativ said
    In his speech to the United Nations on Tuesday, President Trump praised the malaria initiative and the President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief as examples of leadership in humanitarian assistance by the United States.
    A combination of aid agencies, drug companies and g cocktail to treat H.I.V. would soon be available to 92 countries, including virtually all of Africa, for about $75 a year. The new AIDS cocktail is the first available in poor countries to contain dolutegravir, which is widely used in wealthy countries because it is highly effective and has few side effects. The pill also contains lamivudine, an older but still effective drug, and tenof disoproxil fumarate, another modern drug whose inclus effects and resistance.
    Almost 37 million people in the world have H.I.V., according to Unaids, the U.N.’s AIDS-fighting agency, but fewer than 20 million are now on antiretroviral medicine, which not only saves their lives but prevents them from passing on the disease.


McNEIL Jr., Donald. Disponível em: < https://www.nytimes.com/2017/09/22/health/world-health-tetanus-infants.html?mcubz=1>. Acesso em: 22/09/2017. 

A
complimented.
B
overlooked.
C
applauded.
D
congratulated.
E
commended.
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FPS 2017 - Inglês - Vocabulário | Vocabulary, Sinônimos | Synonyms, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

In “Data are scant in both populations”, the word “scant” could be replaced, with no change in meaning, by all the words below but

Text1

Autism's Drug Problem 


Many people on the spectrum take multiple medications, which can lead to serious side effects and may not even be effective


Connor was diagnosed with autism early — when he was just 18 months old. His condition was already obvious by then. “He was lining things up, switching lights on and off, on and off,” says his mother, Melissa. He was bright, but he didn’t speak much until age 3, and he was easily frustrated. Once he started school, he couldn’t sit still in class, called out answers without raising his hand and got visibly upset when he couldn’t master a math concept or a handwriting task quickly enough. “One time, he rolled himself up into the carpet like a burrito and wouldn’t come out until I got there,” Melissa recalls. (All families in this story are identified by first name only, to protect their privacy.) 
Connor was prescribed his first psychiatric drug, methylphenidate (Ritalin), at age 6. That didn’t last long, but when he was 7, his parents tried again. A psychiatrist suggested a low dose of amphetamine and dextroamphetamine (Adderall), a stimulant commonly used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The drug seemed to improve his time at school: He was able to sit still for longer periods of time and focus on what his teachers were saying. His chicken-scratch handwriting became legible. Then, it became neat. Then perfect. And then it became something Connor began to obsess over.
“We were told that these are the gives and takes; if it’s helping him enough to get through school, you have to decide if it’s worth it,” Melissa says. It was worth it — for a while.  
But when the Adderall wore off each day, Connor had a tougher time than ever. He spent afternoons crying and refusing to do much of anything. The stimulant made it difficult for him to fall asleep at night. So after a month or two, his psychiatrist added a second medication — guanfacine (Intuniv), which is commonly prescribed for ADHD, anxiety and hypertension, but can also help with insomnia. The psychiatrist hoped it might both ease Connor’s afternoons and help him sleep. 
In some ways, it had the opposite effect. His afternoons did get slightly better, but Connor developed intense mood swings and was so irritable that every evening was a struggle. Rather than simply tossing and turning in bed, he refused to even get under the covers. “He wouldn’t go to bed because he was always angry about something,” Melissa says. “He was getting himself all wound up, carrying on, getting upset at night and crying.” 
 wound up, carrying on, getting upset at night and crying.” After seven months, his parents declared the combination unsustainable. They swapped guanfacine for over-the-counter melatonin, which helped Connor fall asleep with no noticeable side effects. But within a year, he had acquired a tolerance for Adderall. Connor’s psychiatrist increased his dosage and that, in turn, triggered tics: Connor began jerking his head and snorting. Finally, at his 9-year physical, his doctor discovered that he’d only grown a few inches since age 7. He also hadn’t gained any weight in two years; he’d dropped from the 50th percentile in weight to the 5th. That was the end of all the experiments. His parents took him off all prescription drugs, and today, at almost 13 years old, Connor is still medication-free. His tics have mostly disappeared. Although he has trouble maintaining focus in class, his mother says that the risk-benefit ratio of trying another drug doesn’t seem worth it. “Right now we’re able to handle life without it, so we do.”
(...)
For Connor, eliminating prescription drugs was difficult, but doable. For others, multiple medications may seem indispensable. It’s not unusual for children with autism to take two, three, even four medications at once. Many adults with the condition do so, too. Data are scant in both populations, but what little information there is suggests multiple prescriptions are even more common among adults with autism than in children. Clinicians are particularly concerned about children with the condition because psychiatric medications can have long-lasting effects on their developing brains, and yet are rarely tested in children. 
In general, polypharmacy — most often defined as taking more than one prescription medication at once — is commonplace in people with autism. In one study of more than 33,000 people under age 21 with the condition, at least 35 percent had taken two psychotropic medications simultaneously; 15 percent had taken three.
“Psychotropic medications are used pretty extensively in people with autism because there aren’t a lot of treatments available,” says Lisa Croen, director of the Autism Research Program at Kaiser Permanente in Oakland, California. “Is heavy drug use bad? That’s the question. We don’t know; it hasn’t been studied.”


  Disponível em: <https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/autisms-drug-problem/>. Texto adaptado. 

A
limited.
B
meager.
C
enough.
D
minimal.
E
little.
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FMP 2014 - Inglês - Vocabulário | Vocabulary, Sinônimos | Synonyms, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

As palavras “criminal” (linha 1), “blood-feud” (linha 4), “liable” (linha 11) e “wound” (linha 21) poderiam ser substituídas pelos seguintes sinônimos, pois estes não alterariam o sentido do texto:


A
killer; disagreement; susceptible; dog.
B
offender; disagreement; untruthful; mark.
C
offender; vendetta; susceptible; injury.
D
killer; agreement; untruthful; mark.
E
killer; vendetta; untruthful; injury.
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UEFS 2011, UEFS 2011 - Inglês - Vocabulário | Vocabulary, Sinônimos | Synonyms, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

In the sentence “You’ve got to think high to rise.” (l. 10), the expression “You’ve got to” can be suitably replaced by you


LONGENECKER, C. W. The Victor. Disponível em:  <http://www.wow4u.com/poems/index.html>. Acesso em: 2 dez. 2010.


“a cinch” (l. 4): certo.

A
can.
B
may.
C
must.
D
might.
E
could.
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UEFS 2010 - Inglês - Vocabulário | Vocabulary, Sinônimos | Synonyms, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Based on the text, the words have opposite meanings in

TEXTO:



MORELLE, Rebecca. Jurassic fossil discovery. Disponível em: <www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/language/wordsinthenews/2009/10/091028_witn_fossil.shtml>. Acesso em: 30 maio 2010.

A
“unearthed” (l. 2) — uncovered.
B
“fearsome” (l. 6) — frightening.
C
“easy” (l. 7) — simple.
D
“whole” (l. 13) — complete.
E
“enormous” (l. 16) — tiny
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UEFS 2010 - Inglês - Sinônimos | Synonyms, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

In the fragment “rather than simply crossing the Equator” (l. 18-19), the expression in bold is synonymous with

TEXTO:



BRYANT, Nick. Record blow for teenage sailor. Disponível em:<www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/language/wordsinthenews/2010/05/100505_witn_sailing.shtml>. Acesso em: 5 jun. 2010.


A
besides.
B
so that.
C
in order to.
D
instead of.
E
so as to.
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UEFS 2010 - Inglês - Vocabulário | Vocabulary, Sinônimos | Synonyms, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

The word or expression from the text can be grammatically and semantically replaced by the one on the right in


LONG, Gideon. Earthquake science. Disponível em:  <www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/language/wordsinthenews/2010/03/100405_witn_earthquake_science.shtml>. Acesso em: 6 jun. 2010.

A
“are used to” (l. 13) — usually.
B
“realize” (l. 17) — perform.
C
“Thus” (l. 21) — Therefore.
D
“Despite” (l. 27) — Although.
E
“must” (l. 28) — might.
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UEM 2012 - Inglês - Sinônimos | Synonyms, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Concerning the vocabulary it is correct to affirm that


“wealthy” (line 1) and “millionaire” (line 10) are synonyms; “facilities” (line 6) and “amenities” (line 25) are synonyms; “lavish” (line 17) and “ostentatious” (line 45) are synonyms; “vessel” (line 18) and “yachts” (line 35) are synonyms.

Texto

When superyacht chic meets hybrid technology

By Eoghan Macguire, for CNNAutor



(Disponível em: <http://edition.cnn.com/2012/05/15/tech/hybrid-superyacht/index.html?hpt=itr_tl>. Acessado em: 16/05/2012)

C
Certo
E
Errado
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UCPEL 2008 - Inglês - Sinônimos | Synonyms

Na sentença “a feature which would be of enormous benefit in a country of scalding sun and occasional torrential rain” (linhas 28 e 29), “enormous” NÃO é sinônimo de

A
immense
B
vast
C
huge
D
big
E
great
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UCPEL 2007 - Inglês - Sinônimos | Synonyms

Na sentença "...drawing schoolchildren and scholars as well as tourists from Brazil and Portuguese-speaking countries in Africa." (linha 8), as palavras ''as well as'' podem ser substituídas, sem alteração de sentido, por

A
like.
B
also.
C
too.
D
as.
E
and.
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UFAC 2009 - Inglês - Sinônimos | Synonyms, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

In the sentence, ‘Rice will not grow well unless there is abundant rainfall’ (lines 3-5). The conjunction unless would be appropriated replaced by:

TEXT II


 

A
provided that
B
if not
C
if
D
even if
E
even though
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UEM 2011 - Inglês - Sinônimos | Synonyms, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

It is correct to affirm about the following vocabulary in the text.


“traders” (line 6) and “merchants” (line 15) are synonyms.

Tea in Britain


(Adapted from text available at http://www.britainexpress.com/History/tea-in-britain.htm Accessed on 15/5/2011, at 9h25min) 
C
Certo
E
Errado
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IF Sul Rio-Grandense 2016 - Inglês - Sinônimos | Synonyms

O substantivo “matter”, com o sentido que apresenta no trecho “on a matter of small importance” (l. 01-02), tem como sinônimo o substantivo.

INSTRUÇÃO: Para responder à questão, considere o texto abaixo.



(Excerpt from Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance, By Robert M. Pirsig. New York: Harpertorch, 1974)

A
“viewpoint” (l. 05)
B
“subject” (l. 13)
C
“conflict” (l. 17)
D
“assumption” (l. 20)
E
“sources” (l. 21)
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IF Sul Rio-Grandense 2016 - Inglês - Sinônimos | Synonyms

A expressão “birth control” (l. 16) tem como expressão sinônima

INSTRUÇÃO: Para responder à questão, considere o texto abaixo.



(Excerpt from Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance, By Robert M. Pirsig. New York: Harpertorch, 1974)

A
more or fewer babies (l. 16-17)
B
conflict of faith (l. 17)
C
empirical social planning (l. 18)
D
planned parenthood (l. 19)
E
Goodness(l. 21)
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IF Sul Rio-Grandense 2016 - Inglês - Sinônimos | Synonyms

A única alternativa que NÃO apresenta um sinônimo para “ban”, como na sentença “One third of schools ban mobile phones...” (l. 35) é

INSTRUÇÃO: Responda à questão com base no texto abaixo.



Disponível em: https://www.gov.uk/government/news/impact-of-smartphones-on-behaviour-in-lessons-to-be-reviewed. Acesso em: 13 set. 2015


A
prohibit
B
allow
C
interdict
D
forbid
E
bar
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IF Sul Rio-Grandense 2016 - Inglês - Sinônimos | Synonyms, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension, Tradução | Translation

Considere as seguintes afirmativas sobre algumas palavras e expressões usadas no texto.


I - “However” (linha 09) poderia ser substituída, sem prejuízo de significado, por “Moreover”.

II - “Don’t take my word for it” (linha 12) equivale à “Não precisa acreditar em mim”.

III - “They” (linha 21) refere-se a “immigrants” (linha 21).

IV- A palavra “acknowledge“ pode ser usada como antônimo de “deny” (linha 23).


Estão corretas as afirmativas

A

I e II.

B
I e III.
C
II e IV.
D
I, II e IV.
E
II, III e IV.
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IF Sul Rio-Grandense 2016 - Inglês - Sinônimos | Synonyms, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Assinale com V (verdadeiro) ou F (falso) as seguintes afirmações, conforme elas estejam ou não de acordo com o texto.


(  ) “Expat” has the same meaning of “immigrant”.

(  ) The blog of “The Wall Street Journal” does not support the author’s point of view.

(  ) Social class is one of the factors which differentiates an “expat” from an “immigrant”.

(  ) The author is against the supremacist ideology.


A sequência correta de preenchimento dos parênteses, de cima para baixo, é 

A
F – F – V – V
B
F – V – F – F
C
F – F – F – V
D
V – F – F – F
E
V – F – V – V
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UERR 2015 - Inglês - Sinônimos | Synonyms

In the excerpt “A powerful typhoon that struck Hong Kong on Sunday” the CORRECT synonym for the underlined word is:

Text 1

Typhoon, Hurricane, Cyclone: What's the Difference?
                                                              By Ker Than, for National Geographic
                                                              Published September 25, 2013.

    A powerful typhoon that struck Hong Kong on Sunday killed at least 30 people and forced the evacuation of thousands of people on the China mainland, and hundreds of flights were canceled. Typhoon Usagi— Japanese for rabbit—is the third and strongest Pacific typhoon to form this year. It was classified as a severe, or "super," typhoon after meteorologists recorded gusts of up to 160 miles per hour (260 kilometers per hour).
     If you've never lived in Asia, you might be wondering what it feels like to experience a typhoon. But if you've ever survived a hurricane or cyclone, you already know the answer. That's because hurricanes, cyclones, and typhoons are all the same weather phenomenon. Scientists just call these storms different things depending on where they occur.
     In the Atlantic and northern Pacific, the storms are called "hurricanes," after the Caribbean god of evil, named Hurrican. In the northwestern Pacific, the same powerful storms are called "typhoons." In the southeastern Indian Ocean and southwestern Pacific, they are called "severe tropical cyclones. In the northern Indian Ocean, they're called "severe cyclonic storms." In the southwestern Indian Ocean, they're just "tropical cyclones."
    To be classified as a hurricane, typhoon, or cyclone, a storm must reach wind speeds of at least 74 miles per hour (119 kilometers per hour). If a hurricane's winds reach speeds of 111 miles per hour (179 kilometers per hour), it is upgraded to an "intense hurricane." If a typhoon hits 150 miles per hour (241 kilometers per hour)—as Usagi did—then it becomes a "supertyphoon."

(Excerpt from the site: http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2013/09/130923- typhoon-hurricanecycloneprimernaturaldisaster/?source=hp_dl2_news_typhoon_e xplainer_20130924. Researched on: October 2015). 
A
Hit.
B
Love.
C
Gain.
D
Loose.
E
Have.
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FAMERP 2016 - Inglês - Vocabulário | Vocabulary, Sinônimos | Synonyms, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

No trecho do quarto parágrafo “If that were the case, we wouldn’t need medications at all.”, a expressão em destaque pode ser substituída, sem alteração de sentido, por

Leia o texto para responder à questão.

The placebo effect: amazing and real

November 2, 2015
Robert H. Shmerling



    The placebo effect is a mysterious thing. I’ve long been fascinated by the idea that something as inert and harmless as a sugar pill could relieve a person’s pain or hasten their recovery just by the expectation that it would. Studies use placebos – an inactive treatment, such as a sugar pill – in an attempt to understand the true impact of the active drug. Comparing what happens to a group of patients taking the active drug with the results of those taking a placebo can help researchers understand just how good the active drug is.
    The word “placebo” comes from Latin and means “I shall please.” And “please” it does. In study after study, many patients who take a placebo show improvement in their symptoms or condition.

The placebo effect is for real

    Recent research on the placebo effect only confirms how powerful it can be – and that the benefits of a placebo treatment aren’t just “all in your head.” Measureable physiological changes can be observed in those taking a placebo, similar to those observed among people taking effective medications. In particular, blood pressure, heart rate, and blood test results have been shown to improve among subsets of research subjects who responded to a placebo.
    Of course, not everyone has a therapeutic response to a placebo. If that were the case, we wouldn’t need medications at all. Instead, we could simply wield the power of suggestion. Understanding why certain people improve with placebo treatment and others do not is the “holy grail” of placebo research.

Nocebo: Placebo’s evil twin

     The power of suggestion is a double-edged sword. If you expect a treatment to help you, it’s more likely to do so. And if you expect a treatment will be harmful, you are more likely to experience negative effects. That phenomenon is called the “nocebo effect” (from the Latin “I shall harm”). For example, if you tell a person that a headache is a common side effect of a particular medication, that person is more likely to report headaches even if they are actually taking a placebo. The power of expectation is formidable and probably plays a significant role in the benefits and the side effects of commonly prescribed medications.

(www.health.harvard.edu. Adaptado.)
A
Although.
B
Therefore.
C
Otherwise.
D
Meanwhile.
E
However.
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CESMAC 2017 - Inglês - Vocabulário | Vocabulary, Sinônimos | Synonyms

In “The then capital of the Kurpfalz (the Electoral Palatinate) played an important role in the spreading of the new doctrine.”, the word spreading is a synonym of

Read the text below and answer the following questions based on it.


In 2017 the protestant church is celebrating an important event: the 500th anniversary of the Reformation

On October 31, 2017 protestants will celebrate that historic day when Martin Luther nailed his 95 theses on the door of the castle church in Wittenberg, an act which shook the religious world of the time. 
The 500th Reformation anniversary also means a great deal to Heidelberg. The then capital of the Kurpfalz (the Electoral Palatinate) played an important role in the spreading of the new doctrine. On April 26, 1518, Martin Luther visited Heidelberg, residence of the Elector Princes. As in Wittenberg, he proclaimed his 95 theses and defended himself before the General Chapter of the Augustine monks at the famous Heidelberg Defense. The commemorative Luther plaque marks where the Augustine abbey once stood. In 1563 the famous Heidelberg Catechism was formulated, the most significant confessional document in the reformed Christian faith the world over.

Disponível em:<http://www.heidelberg-marketing.de/en/culture/500-years-reformation.html>Acessado em 13 de outubro de 2017 
A
dissemination.
B
abridgement.
C
concealment.
D
suppression.
E
stagnation.