Questõesde PUC - RJ 2018 sobre Inglês

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PUC - RJ 2018 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

In the last paragraph (lines 95-98), Monika Halan implies that the new policies towards demonetisation are

Available at: . Retrieved on: 3 May 2018. Adapted. * Automated teller machines

A
) inefficient
B
frightening
C
irreversible
D
questionable
E
problematic
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PUC - RJ 2018 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

In terms of reference, it is correct to affirm that

Available at: . Retrieved on: 3 May 2018. Adapted. * Automated teller machines

A
“those” (line 14) refers to “transactions” (line 12)
B
“who” (line 34) refers to “people” (line 30)
C
“where” (line 49) refers to “India” (line 45)
D
“it” (line 75) refers to “banking” (line 74)
E
“which” (line 93) refers to “Government and regulators” (line 92)
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PUC - RJ 2018 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

The sentence in which the boldfaced item expresses OBLIGATION is

Available at: . Retrieved on: 3 May 2018. Adapted. * Automated teller machines

A
“The law says shops can refuse to accept cash.” (lines 12-13)
B
“We might end up in a situation where a few commercial banks have a lot of power.” (lines 36-38)
C
“They did not have the confidence that they would get treated well by the bank managers.” (lines 63-64)
D
“You need to get banking to the poor people, in the manner that they want it – not in the manner that is supplied.” (lines 73-75)
E
“Government and regulators have to act really fast to plug the data breaches which are happening all across the world, and even in India.” (lines 92-94)
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PUC - RJ 2018 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

The boldfaced expression introduces an idea of IMPLICATION in

Available at: . Retrieved on: 3 May 2018. Adapted. * Automated teller machines

A
“I’m afraid it is going too fast… so it’s a big concern if you have that feeling that society is not for you” (lines 2-4)
B
“However, as with all moves towards uncharted territory, who holds the power?” (lines 31-32)
C
“She says it is partly to do with cracking down on money earned on the black market, as well as the financing of terror.” (lines 56-58)
D
"But it is also to do with financial inclusion and financialisation of the economy.” (lines 58-60)
E
“As soon as the price of mobile phones fell, street vendors, carpenters, sweepers (…) bought them in order to increase their business.” (lines 78-82)
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PUC - RJ 2018 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

According to Monika Halan, editor of the Delhi-based financial newspaper Mint, in India,

Available at: . Retrieved on: 3 May 2018. Adapted. * Automated teller machines

A
bank managers have been concerned with poverty alleviation.
B
informal funds have played a key role in improving the lives of the poor.
C
poor rural people have access to a wide variety of financial services offered by banks.
D
accessible mobile phones have made it possible for service providers to conduct electronic transactions to boost their activities.
E
the government has solved the problem of cyber theft and hacking by implementing regulations on payments over the cloud.
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PUC - RJ 2018 - Inglês - Vocabulário | Vocabulary, Sinônimos | Synonyms, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

In the fragment “Is a cashless future actually desirable even if it is possible?” (lines 52-53), “actually” can be replaced, with no change in meaning, by

Available at: . Retrieved on: 3 May 2018. Adapted. * Automated teller machines

A
surely
B
in reality
C
incredibly
D
currently
E
definitely
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PUC - RJ 2018 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

In the fragment “…it is a little bit more difficult in general for the people to get away with tax fraud.” (lines 29-31), “get away with” can be replaced, without change in meaning, by

Available at: . Retrieved on: 3 May 2018. Adapted. * Automated teller machines

A
cope with.
B
be punished for.
C
take the blame for.
D
come to grips with.
E
escape the consequences of.
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PUC - RJ 2018 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

According to Professor Niklas Arvidsson, in a cashless society there is a risk that

Available at: . Retrieved on: 3 May 2018. Adapted. * Automated teller machines

A
a few financial institutions may concentrate too much power.
B
electronic transactions will negatively impact the payment system
C
financial frauds will become more frequent and difficult to prevent.
D
technology companies will be heavily controlled by commercial banks.
E
electronic transactions are likely to cost a lot more than traditional ones.
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PUC - RJ 2018 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

By mentioning Maijlis Jonsson in paragraphs 1 (lines 1-5) and 3 (lines 16-25), the author implies that the elderly are unable to handle credit cards.

Available at: . Retrieved on: 3 May 2018. Adapted. * Automated teller machines

A
are unable to handle credit cards.
B
are worried about living in Sweden.
C
 see as a burden the wireless payment policy.
D
would like to benefit from electronic transactions.
E
criticize the social welfare programs regulated by the government.
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PUC - RJ 2018 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

The communicative intention of the article is to

Available at: . Retrieved on: 3 May 2018. Adapted. * Automated teller machines

A
justify the effects of black market growth in countries like Sweden and India.
B
warn the reader about the possible drawbacks of doing digital transactions via mobile phones.
C
show the potential consequences of the widespread of cashless transactions in the Swedish and Indian societies.
D
suggest that international travelers going to Sweden and India tend to benefit from cashless transactions.
E
imply that vulnerable groups, like the elderly or the poor in Sweden and India, are suspicious of electronic payment systems.
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PUC - RJ 2018 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

The novelist Ian McEwan

Available at: <http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20180503-our-fi ction-

-addiction-why-humans-need-stories>. Retrieved on: 3 May 2018.

Adapted.

A
states that themes like revenge and gratitude are only represented in literature from the Industrial Revolution onwards.
B
argues that themes of 19th century literature are already present in primitive cultures.
C
thinks it is not possible to enjoy literature from a time remote from our own.
D
believes that ancient cultures did not have the habit of storytelling.
E
does not legitimate evolutionary readings of literature.
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PUC - RJ 2018 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

According to paragraphs 9 and 10 (lines 63-84),

Available at: <http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20180503-our-fi ction-

-addiction-why-humans-need-stories>. Retrieved on: 3 May 2018.

Adapted.

A
readers love villains in 19th century novels.
B
heroines in fiction never fall in love with unfaithful men.
C
we tend to be compassionate for evil beings in fictional works.
D
antagonists are commonly performed with a foreign accent in American movies.
E
older men are generally considered more physically attractive by romantic heroines.
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PUC - RJ 2018 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

The author mentions the anthropologist Daniel Smith in the sixth paragraph (lines 39-50) of the text because he

Available at: <http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20180503-our-fi ction-

-addiction-why-humans-need-stories>. Retrieved on: 3 May 2018.

Adapted.

A
is known for being a great storyteller.
B
contradicts, through his studies, what the evolutionary theory suggests. 
C
is against the idea that storytelling is a human necessity.
D
belongs to a community in the Philippines culturally identified with the habit of storytelling.
E
developed one of the researches that identified cooperation as a core theme in popular narratives.
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PUC - RJ 2018 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

According to the third paragraph of the text (lines 16-22), it is INCORRECT to state that storytelling

Available at: <http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20180503-our-fi ction-

-addiction-why-humans-need-stories>. Retrieved on: 3 May 2018.

Adapted.

A
sharpens our minds.
B
enhances selfishness.
C
makes us socially more clever
D
helps us think of different strategies.
E
may be regarded as a kind of mental game.
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PUC - RJ 2018 - Inglês - Sinônimos | Synonyms, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

In the fragment “Along these lines, various studies have identified cooperation as a core theme in popular narratives across the world” (lines 39-41), the expression “Along these lines” can be replaced, without a change in meaning, by

Available at: <http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20180503-our-fi ction-

-addiction-why-humans-need-stories>. Retrieved on: 3 May 2018.

Adapted.

A
Similarly
B
Definitely
C
Meanwhile
D
Nevertheless
E
For that reason
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PUC - RJ 2018 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

The boldfaced expression introduces an idea of RESULT in

Available at: <http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20180503-our-fi ction-

-addiction-why-humans-need-stories>. Retrieved on: 3 May 2018.

Adapted.

A
“Although we have no firm evidence of storytelling before the advent of writing,” (lines 1-2)
B
“As humans evolved to live in bigger societies, for instance, we needed to learn how to cooperate” (lines 31-32)
C
“Our capacity for storytelling – and the tales we tell – may have therefore also evolved as a way of communicating the right social norms.” (lines 36-38)
D
“while the protagonists appeared to be less individualistic and ambitious” (lines 60-62)
E
“unless we shared some common emotional ground, some deep reservoir of assumptions, with the writer” (line 103-105)
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PUC - RJ 2018 - Inglês - Tempos Verbais | Verb Tenses, Verbos modais | Modal verbs, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

The sentence in which the boldfaced item expresses advice is

Available at: <http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20180503-our-fi ction-

-addiction-why-humans-need-stories>. Retrieved on: 3 May 2018.

Adapted.

A
“Today, we may not gather around the camp fire, but the average adult is still thought to spend at least 6% of the waking day engrossed in fictional stories on our various screens.” (lines 7-10)
B
“Evolutionary theory can also shed light on the staples of romantic fiction” (lines 63-64)
C
“The ‘dads’ might be the better choice for the long-term security and protection of your children” (lines 66-67)
D
“McEwan argues we should celebrate these evolved tendencies as the very source of fiction’s power to cross the continents and the centuries.” (lines 98-100)
E
“It would not be possible to enjoy literature from a time remote from our own…” (lines 101-102)
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PUC - RJ 2018 - Inglês - Vocabulário | Vocabulary, Sinônimos | Synonyms, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Concerning the vocabulary used in the text, one may affirm that

Available at: <http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20180503-our-fi ction-

-addiction-why-humans-need-stories>. Retrieved on: 3 May 2018.

Adapted.

A
 “assume” (line 2) and confirm are synonyms.
B
“depict” (line 5) and illustrate are antonyms.
C
“overbearing” (line 34) cannot be substituted by arrogant.
D
“dwindled” (line 52) and declined express similar ideas.
E
“trigger” (line 77) and activate express opposite ideas.
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PUC - RJ 2018 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

The message contained in the fragment “and the more people read fiction, the easier they find it to empathise with other people” (lines 26-28) is that the reading of fiction

Available at: <http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20180503-our-fi ction-

-addiction-why-humans-need-stories>. Retrieved on: 3 May 2018.

Adapted.

A
makes readers experience feelings of communion and understanding with those who read the same books.
B
makes it easy for readers to identify with the feelings, thoughts and attitudes of fictional characters.
C
 is a good way of sharing experiences with the author, fictional characters and reading communities.
D
is only advantageous when people have time enough to invest in the reading of literature.
E
is highly beneficial for the development of feelings of compassion and affinity among people.
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PUC - RJ 2018 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

The main purpose of the article is to

Available at: <http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20180503-our-fi ction-

-addiction-why-humans-need-stories>. Retrieved on: 3 May 2018.

Adapted.

A
report on the role of protagonists and antagonists in more than 200 novels.
B
justify why people should read about the major themes of the English 19th century novels.
C
discuss the relevance of stories to the social and emotional development of human beings.
D
reveal that cooperation has been a central theme in popular narratives since the Industrial Revolution.
E
 examine the importance of evil figures in fantasy and horror stories to enhance our sense of philanthropy.