Questõesde PUC - RJ 2016 sobre Inglês

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PUC - RJ 2016 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Based on the article, the role of parents is central in fighting childhood obesity since they


A
can impose restrictive rules to ban weight loss.
B
are the only authorities young children really obey
C
may devise detailed plans to curb calorie consumption.
D
have the power to improve children’s self-esteem and confidence.
E
are responsible for the children’s diet and amount of physical activity
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PUC - RJ 2016 - Inglês - Pronome demonstrativo | Demonstrative pronoun, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension, Pronomes | Pronouns

In terms of reference, it is correct to affirm that


A
“They” (line 19) refers to “people” (line 14).
B
“They” (line 56) refers to “systems” (line 55).
C
“which” (line 67) refers to “adolescents” (line 66).
D
“those” (line 74) refers to “individuals” (line 72).
E
“who” (line 83) refers to “children” (line 83).
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PUC - RJ 2016 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

According to the article, the “5210” daily program intends to


A
limit the intake of soft drinks and water.
B
restrict the amount of time devoted to active play.
C
prescribe a healthy routine to improve quality of life
D
encourage the free consumption of fruits and vegetables.
E
prevent the use of television and electronics on a daily basis.
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PUC - RJ 2016 - Inglês - Tipos de advérbios | Types of adverbs, Advérbios e conjunções | Adverbs and conjunctions

In the sentence “Currently, about one-third of American children are overweight or obese.” (line 44-45), the adverb “currently” can be replaced, with no change in meaning, by


A
for the time being
B
momentarily
C
hereafter
D
recently
E
actually
2f753246-b6
PUC - RJ 2016 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

The fragment “Problems of youthful obesity go beyond physical ones.” (line 65-66) suggests that problems of youthful obesity


A
are far more serious than those faced by adults.
B
are as numerous as those faced by obese children.
C
are not limited to physical complications or disorders.
D
cannot be easily identified by doctors and researchers.
E
can affect not only obese adolescents but also obese children.
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PUC - RJ 2016 - Inglês - Sinônimos | Synonyms

Based on the meanings expressed in the text, it is correct to affirm that


A
“ailments” (line 1) cannot be replaced by maladies.
B
“afflict” (line 2) and torment are synonyms.
C
“underscore” (line 11) and highlight are antonyms.
D
“undue” (line 12) can be replaced by reasonable.
E
“deviations” (line 18) means the same as consistencies.
2f7d050c-b6
PUC - RJ 2016 - Inglês - Vocabulário | Vocabulary, Sinônimos | Synonyms, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

In the fragment “Parents also need to be tuned into opportunities for physical activity and set hard-and-fast rules about television and time spent on electronics ” (lines 93-95), the expression “be tuned into” can be replaced, without change in meaning, by


A
become sensitive to
B
make a detailed review of
C
leave out of consideration
D
bring about by authority
E
decide what to do with
2f6a5295-b6
PUC - RJ 2016 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

From the fragment “Two new studies, conducted among more than half a million children in Denmark who were followed for many years, linked a high body mass index (B.M.I) in children to an increased risk of developing colon cancer and suffering an early stroke as adults” (lines 5-9), one can infer that


A
the two studies were led by more than half a million children.
B
only obese children may suffer from colon cancer in adulthood.
C
high B.M.I increases the risk of strokes when one enters old age.
D
more than 500,000 children were followed in the two new studies mentioned in the article.
E
high B.M.I is remotely related an increased risk of colon cancer and early strokes in childhood.
2f6de35e-b6
PUC - RJ 2016 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

According to the information presented in paragraph 5 (lines 30-35), overweight children


A
will certainly become unhealthy overweight adults.
B
are as likely to face serious health problems as obese adults.
C
are more likely to become victims of cancer and stroke than adults.
D
face more risks of becoming overweight and unhealthy adults, even if they adopt a healthier lifestyle.
E
face higher risks of becoming overweight adults, in case they do not improve their diets and workout regularly.
2f66a3e7-b6
PUC - RJ 2016 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

The author’s main purpose in this text is to


A
trace back to childhood the origin of every disease people face in their adult lives.
B
alert parents to the disastrous effects of excess weight in childhood and adolescence.
C
list some concrete possibilities of fighting children’s excessive weight in modern society.
D
report on studies on childhood obesity and point out suggestions on how to overcome the problem.
E
blame society in general for the serious diseases derived from excessive weight gain during childhood.
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PUC - RJ 2016 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

In the context of the article, the “sobering lesson” (line 52) that “the venerable space shuttle offers” (line 51) for new space companies is to


A
land a rocket at sea.
B
make SpaceX an arresting success.
C
prove the existence of life in other planets.
D
reestablish payloads into space to $25 a pound.
E
re-fly a rocket without spending too much time and money.
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PUC - RJ 2016 - Inglês - Tempos Verbais | Verb Tenses, Verbos modais | Modal verbs

In the fragment of the text ‘“It should fly again,” Musk said Friday’ (line 68) the modal verb “should” implies an idea of


A
advice.
B
necessity.
C
permission.
D
possibility.
E
request.
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PUC - RJ 2016 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Taking into consideration the last paragraph of the article (lines 76-86), one can say that currently Musk’s main ambition is to


A
produce airplanes as well.
B
make a rocket cost effective through reusability
C
reduce the cost of the Falcon 9 in $43 million per flight.
D
make rockets 100 times cheaper than they are now.
E
save 30% of what is now spent with the project in future launches.
f4993c17-b6
PUC - RJ 2016 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

According to the second paragraph of the text (lines 7-14), what makes Musk’s Falcon 9 rocket a true success is the fact that this is the first time in history that


A
a rocket falls back to Earth at the speed of sound.
B
Nasa launches astronauts into space and has them land on a runway.
C
a rocket is sent to space and lands vertically on a platform at sea.
D
components of space shuttles are recovered after landing in the ocean.
E
an inflatable space habitat is put into orbit.
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PUC - RJ 2016 - Inglês - Vocabulário | Vocabulary, Sinônimos | Synonyms

In the context of the article, the word “heady” (line 15 ) can be replaced with no change in meaning by


A
frivolous.
B
stimulating.
C
heavy.
D
dull.
E
light-headed.
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PUC - RJ 2016 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

The author’s main purpose in the text is to


A
list possible reasons that explain why previous attempts of landing a rocket in the ocean did not succeed.
B
inform readers of the difficulties which are involved in launching a rocket.
C
highlight Falcon’s achievement in flying into space and landing vertically at sea.
D
defend the relevance of continuous investments in spacecraft programs.
E
criticize those spacecraft programs which are not fuel efficient.
f4a26af3-b6
PUC - RJ 2016 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

According to the article, some of the companies which are proponents of reusable launch vehicles are, among other things, in fact looking forward to


A
sending people and things into space.
B
resuming the past Star Wars Program.
C
obtaining financial advantages from the American government.
D
surpassing NASA as a leading center for space research.
E
making profitable contracts with the Russian and European companies.
f49f62f7-b6
PUC - RJ 2016 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

According to the author, one positive side-effect of the high costs involved in reusing space shuttles in subsequent launches is the fact that


A
NASA has given up launching rockets.
B
NASA has largely given up on reusable spaceflight.
C
NASA has made an alliance with Russian and European companies.
D
Russia and European countries are now investing on refurbishing shuttles.
E
new space companies have been developing technology to reuse space shuttles with low costs.
f4922931-b6
PUC - RJ 2016 - Inglês - Pronomes e adjetivos possessivos | Possessive pronouns and adjectives

In terms of reference, it is correct to affirm that


A
“its” (line 17) refers to “five months ago” (lines 16-17).
B
“it” (line 18) refers to “New Shepard rocket” (line 17).
C
“which” (line 33) refers to “space” (line 32).
D
“They” (line 43) refers to “Masten Space Systems” (line 42).
E
“which” (line 62) refers to “vehicle” (line 62).
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PUC - RJ 2016 - Inglês - Palavras conectivas | Connective words

The fragment that contains a boldfaced expression introducing an idea of contrast is


A
“That’s critical, because it’s much more fuel efficient….” (lines 25-26)
B
“So it fell to the new space companies…” (lines 36-37)
C
“Despite SpaceX’s arresting success on Friday the job is not yet done” (lines 50-51)
D
“Whereas NASA said in the 1970s the shuttle would slash the cost of….” (lines 53-54)
E
“Initially SpaceX plans to reduce the cost of a Falcon 9 rocket…” (lines 76-77)