Questõesde PUC - RJ 2016 sobre Inglês

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PUC - RJ 2016 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

In the fragment “…almost no politician has been willing to make the full-throated case for trade liberalisation…” (lines 63-65) the expression “make the full-throated case” means

A
express a point of view loudly or vigorously
B
discuss alternative measures to solve a case.
C
reveal polemic intentions or expectations.
D
put into words some obscure plans.
E
hide a controversial problem.
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PUC - RJ 2016 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

In paragraph 7 (lines 49-58), the author blames politicians because they were NOT

A
qualified for promoting progress in all layers of society.
B
concentrated on disseminating the advantages of globalisation.
C
accountable for fraudulent elections and biased media campaigns.
D
responsible for the decadence of all prosperous industrial communities.
E
able to grant the population’s right to discuss themes such as race, greenery and human rights.
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PUC - RJ 2016 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

The option in which the phrase in bold is correctly explained is

A
down-at-heel cities of England (line 6) - affluent English cities
B
an outburst of racist abuse (line 11) – an abuse committed by frenzied racists
C
the ensuing quarter-century (line 29) – the previous twenty-five years
D
Elaborate financial instruments (lines 38-39) – instruments elaborated by financiers
E
the intellectual underpinnings of liberalism (lines 59-60) - the intellectual foundations of liberalism
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PUC - RJ 2016 - Inglês - Sinônimos | Synonyms, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Based on the meanings of the words in the article, it can be said that

A
“unravelling” (line 18) and collapse are synonyms.
B
“bamboozled” (line 39) and confounded are antonyms.
C
“lifted” (line 44) can be replaced by downgraded.
D
“partake” (line 54) and participate express opposite ideas.
E
“mendacious” (line 56) and truthful express similar ideas.
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PUC - RJ 2016 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

The fragment “But many factory workers who have lost their jobs have been unable to find a decently paid replacement.” (lines 46-48) is correctly paraphrased in

A
many factory employees have been discharged since they did not consider their payment decent.
B
many factory employees who have been sacked were considered not skilled enough to obtain a proper salary.
C
many factory employees have been fired since employers have been unable to pay them average salaries.
D
many dismissed factory workers have not yet found a position in the job market that pays them a satisfactory salary.
E
many discharged factory workers were replaced by other more decent professionals, with higher salaries.
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PUC - RJ 2016 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

In the fragments “The move to a flawed European currency … led to stagnation and unemployment and is driving Europe apart.” (lines 35-38) and “When Mr. Trump called for protectionism this week” (lines 60-61), “driving apart” and “called for” mean, respectively

A
polarizing - refused
B
uniting - demanded
C
dividing - requested
D
breaking up - rejected
E
integrating - summoned
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PUC - RJ 2016 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

The fragment “It was liberalism’s greatest triumph, but it also engendered a narrow, technocratic politics obsessed by process” (lines 27-29) is structured by

A
chronological sequence.
B
comparison-contrast.
C
problem-solution.
D
description.
E
listing.
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PUC - RJ 2016 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Francis Fukuyama is mentioned in Paragraph 4 (lines 21-31) because he

A
compared the crisis in liberalism to the crisis of the British free-market.
B
believed that 1989 would soon become a landmark for the supporters of liberalism.
C
anticipated today’s crisis in liberalism immediately after the fall of the Soviet Union.
D
disagreed with the idea that democracy, markets and global co-operation were viable options for the modern society.
E
envisaged the fall of the Soviet Union as a momentous event, after which no other ideology would be likely to threaten democracy.
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PUC - RJ 2016 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

The fragment “If they cannot find a voice within the mainstream, they will make themselves heard from without.” (lines 15-16) means that, in case enraged people cannot find representation within the mainstream, they

A
are doomed to fail.
B
will not find support at all.
C
are likely to be disappointed.
D
will have to find resonance elsewhere.
E
will have to look for other internal solutions.
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PUC - RJ 2016 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Based on the opening lines of the text “Many Brexiteers built their campaign on optimism. Outside the European Union, Britain would be free to open up to the world. But what secured their victory was anger” (lines 1-4), one can infer that

A
Britain’s economic development depends on the European Union.
B
Britain’s economic development has been obstructed by the Brexit campaign.
C
Brexiteers’ optimism was responsible for their victory in the referendum.
D
the discourse of Brexit campaign represented the feelings of the whole nation.
E
there was no harmony between the discourse of many Brexiteers and what motivated the vote of great part of the population.
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PUC - RJ 2016 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Taking into consideration the last paragraph of the article (lines 76-86), one can say that currently Musk’s main ambition is to


A
produce airplanes as well.
B
make a rocket cost effective through reusability.
C
reduce the cost of the Falcon 9 in $43 million per flight.
D
make rockets 100 times cheaper than they are now.
E
save 30% of what is now spent with the project in future launches.
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PUC - RJ 2016 - Inglês - Tempos Verbais | Verb Tenses, Verbos modais | Modal verbs

In the fragment of the text ‘“It should fly again,” Musk said Friday’ (line 68) the modal verb “should” implies an idea of


A
advice.
B
necessity.
C
permission.
D
possibility.
E
request.
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PUC - RJ 2016 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

In the context of the article, the “sobering lesson” (line 52) that “the venerable space shuttle offers” (line 51) for new space companies is to


A
land a rocket at sea.
B
make SpaceX an arresting success.
C
prove the existence of life in other planets.
D
reestablish payloads into space to $25 a pound.
E
re-fly a rocket without spending too much time and money.
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PUC - RJ 2016 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

According to the article, some of the companies which are proponents of reusable launch vehicles are, among other things, in fact looking forward to


A
sending people and things into space.
B
resuming the past Star Wars Program.
C
obtaining financial advantages from the American government.
D
surpassing NASA as a leading center for space research.
E
making profitable contracts with the Russian and European companies.
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PUC - RJ 2016 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

According to the author, one positive side-effect of the high costs involved in reusing space shuttles in subsequent launches is the fact that


A
NASA has given up launching rockets.
B
NASA has largely given up on reusable spaceflight.
C
NASA has made an alliance with Russian and European companies.
D
Russia and European countries are now investing on refurbishing shuttles.
E
new space companies have been developing technology to reuse space shuttles with low costs.
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PUC - RJ 2016 - Inglês - Vocabulário | Vocabulary, Sinônimos | Synonyms, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

In the context of the article, the word “heady” (line 15 ) can be replaced with no change in meaning by


A
frivolous.
B
stimulating.
C
heavy.
D
dull.
E
light-headed.
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PUC - RJ 2016 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

According to the second paragraph of the text (lines 7-14), what makes Musk’s Falcon 9 rocket a true success is the fact that this is the first time in history that


A
a rocket falls back to Earth at the speed of sound.
B
Nasa launches astronauts into space and has them land on a runway.
C
a rocket is sent to space and lands vertically on a platform at sea.
D
components of space shuttles are recovered after landing in the ocean.
E
an inflatable space habitat is put into orbit.
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PUC - RJ 2016 - Inglês - Palavras conectivas | Connective words

The fragment that contains a boldfaced expression introducing an idea of contrast is


A
“That’s critical, because it’s much more fuel efficient….” (lines 25-26)
B
“So it fell to the new space companies…” (lines 36-37)
C
“Despite SpaceX’s arresting success on Friday the job is not yet done” (lines 50-51)
D
“Whereas NASA said in the 1970s the shuttle would slash the cost of….” (lines 53-54)
E
“Initially SpaceX plans to reduce the cost of a Falcon 9 rocket…” (lines 76-77)
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PUC - RJ 2016 - Inglês - Pronome objetivo | Objective pronoun, Pronomes | Pronouns

In terms of reference, it is correct to affirm that


A
“its” (line 17) refers to “five months ago” (lines 16-17).
B
“it” (line 18) refers to “New Shepard rocket” (line 17).
C
“which” (line 33) refers to “space” (line 32).
D
“They” (line 43) refers to “Masten Space Systems” (line 42).
E
“which” (line 62) refers to “vehicle” (line 62).
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PUC - RJ 2016 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

The author’s main purpose in the text is to


A
list possible reasons that explain why previous attempts of landing a rocket in the ocean did not succeed.
B
inform readers of the difficulties which are involved in launching a rocket.
C
highlight Falcon’s achievement in flying into space and landing vertically at sea.
D
defend the relevance of continuous investments in spacecraft programs.
E
criticize those spacecraft programs which are not fuel efficient.