Questõesde FGV sobre Inglês

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FGV 2015 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

According to the information in the article, which of the following might have been the reason that Salvador Allende went ahead so quickly with his new government’s program?


Adapted from Foreign Affairs, July/August 2014.

A
He was convinced that the CIA was planning to remove him immediately from power.
B
In order to keep the support of Chile’s middle and working classes, he needed to improve the country’s rapidly deteriorating economy.
C
He was afraid that if he didn’t take immediate action, his coalition government would lose the support of its leftist members, who were demanding the implementation of socialism.
D
He wanted to discourage conservative members of Chile’s armed forces who were trying to remove him from power.
E
Since he didn’t have strong nationwide support, he thought that only by acting immediately could he implement the ideas that he believed would make Chile a socialist country.
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FGV 2015 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Which of the following is most supported by the information in the article?


Adapted from Foreign Affairs, July/August 2014.

A
By weakening Salvador Allende politically and economically, the CIA, more than any other organization, guaranteed his fall from power.
B
The CIA’s covert efforts to remove Salvador Allende from power, while effective, were clearly illegal.
C
Salvador Allende was deposed because the members of Chile’s elite were strongly influenced by the CIA.
D
By mishandling Chile’s economy, Salvador Allende created a situation in which Chileans of many classes opposed him.
E
By imposing disastrous socialist economic policies in Chile, Salvador Allende lost the formerly strong support of the country’s wealthy, middle, and working classes.
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FGV 2015 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

According to the information in the article, Salvador Allende’s economic policies led to all of the following except


Adapted from Foreign Affairs, July/August 2014.

A
a strong increase in consumption that created serious inflationary problems.
B
in the first year, a GDP increase of less than 10% and production increase of more than 10%.
C
increased uncertainty in Chile’s real estate sector.
D
beginning in 1971, a probable decrease in Chile’s aggregate stock of business and commercial information.
E
beginning in 1971, increased difficulties for the Chilean people in finding the items that they used in their daily lives.
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FGV 2015 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

With respect to the act of reading itself, which of the following is most supported by the information in the article?


Adapted from The New Yorker, July 29, 2013. 

A
The pleasure of reading may be affected by more than words.
B
Reading appeals to all of the senses, not just to sight.
C
The reluctance to read e-books in fact has nothing to do with an aversion to technology.
D
A sense of tradition and nostalgia is the main reason that most people avoid reading e-books.
E
Reading a printed book is neither harder nor easier than reading an e-book.
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FGV 2015 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Which of the following is most supported by the information in the article?


Adapted from The New Yorker, July 29, 2013. 

A
For most people, reading something on a screen is as pleasurable as is reading it on a page.
B
It is easier to read quickly and superficially with an e-book than it is with a printed book.
C
There is no better way to gain profound understanding of a difficult idea than by reading a printed book.
D
The convenience and facility offered by e-books more than compensate any possible loss of comprehension that may result from using that technology.
E
Reading something in a printed book tends to encourage greater understanding of the material than does reading it in an e-book.
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FGV 2015 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

In paragraph 3, the phrase “The differences are small…” most likely refers to which of the following?


Adapted from The New Yorker, July 29, 2013. 

A
The levels of reading comprehension associated with printed books are a little lower than those associated with e-books.
B
Nowadays, people have only a few reasons to prefer e-books to printed books.
C
Printed books offer some slight but significant advantages over e-books.
D
People may find it hard to understand the advantages of reading printed books.
E
Statistics indicate that there is only small difference between e-book sales and printed book sales.
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FGV 2015 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

In paragraph 3, “This” in the sentence “This may be just a prejudice that will vanish as e-books become more common” most likely refers to which of the following?


Adapted from The New Yorker, July 29, 2013. 

A
Many people don’t know how easy it is to carry around a great number of e-books.
B
Most people think that low cost is the only really attractive feature of e-books.
C
Most people limit their use of e-books to whatever they read for leisure.
D
It is still hard to find many serious works of literature in an e-book version.
E
Some people mistakenly think that the light used in e-books is prejudicial to the eyes.
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FGV 2015 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

According to the information in the article, the Codex Group’s research data supports all of the following except


Adapted from The New Yorker, July 29, 2013. 

A
at the moment, the Internet is not the most popular alternative for people interested in searching for something new to read.
B
if given a choice between buying a book in the electronic version or in the printed version, people still inevitably prefer the printed version.
C
the vast majority of people who read e-books are still attracted to printed books.
D
among the people who often purchase books, only a relatively small proportion limit themselves exclusively to e-books.
E
instead of representing a broad spectrum of literature and published material, e-book sales are still dominated by certain kinds of books.
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FGV 2015 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

In paragraph 2, the article most likely includes the phrase “last year…e-book sales rose just fortyfour per cent” in order to


Adapted from The New Yorker, July 29, 2013. 

A
weaken the argument that e-books will substitute printed books in the near future.
B
support the idea that continued technological advances will make e-books more and more popular with the general reading public.
C
compare the sales problems of the book industry today with those of the music industry some years ago.
D
call into question the sales statistics presented by industry trade groups.
E
help explain why e-book sales are currently so vigorous.
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FGV 2015 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

With respect to independent bookstores, which of the following is most supported by the information in the article?


Adapted from The New Yorker, July 29, 2013. 

A
They have recently become more profitable than online booksellers.
B
They have never been so profitable as they are nowadays.
C
They have had to enter into strategic partnerships with book publishers in order to avoid bankruptcy.
D
They have been able to strengthen their business by both selling to customers and providing them with information.
E
They have become even more important because they advise customers on which authors to read and publishers on which authors to publish.
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FGV 2012 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Which of the following is mentioned in the article as a way to help Spain's economy?

A
The European Central Bank should provide more money to support Spain's banking system.
B
Spanish companies with fewer than 250 employees should be subject to an exclusive set of employment laws.
C
Spain should spend less money on foreign products.
D
Spanish companies should make significant cuts in their number of employees.
E
Spain should set up more businesses based on the American model.
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FGV 2012 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

According to the information in the article, during the economic crisis

A
the Inditex clothing group has grown by concentrating on Spain's domestic market.
B
the Mercadona supermarket chain has increased its sales to foreign markets by 8 percent.
C
the economy of Spain has declined more than have the economies of Greece and Portugal.
D
some Spanish companies have actually benefited from the relative economic weakness of Greece and Portugal.
E
the current account deficits of Greece and Portugal have decreased more slowly than has the current account deficit of Spain.
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FGV 2012 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

In the last paragraph, "they" in the phrase "...but they will take time to feed into the economy" most likely refers to

A
recently elected Spanish politicians.
B
difficult but necessary changes in Spanish regulations.
C
Spain's emblematic companies.
D
Spain's traditionally rigid employment laws.
E
the investment money now available to Spanish companies.
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FGV 2012 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

With respect to birds and radiation, which of the following is most supported by the information in the article?

A
For birds, exposure to a radiation level of even 0.05 microsieverts per hour is lethal.
B
Exposure to the same level of radiation can affect birds of the same species in different ways.
C
A rural area with a temperate climate is the ideal place to study how birds respond to the negative effects of high levels of radiation.
D
The composition of radio-nuclides is not a factor that determines whether or not a certain level of radiation can be dangerous to birds.
E
It is clear that certain species of birds in the Fukushima and Chernobyl regions have died out because of evolutionary factors and not because of exposure to radiation.
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FGV 2012 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Which of the following is most supported by the information in the article?

A
It will take decades for Spain to find a way out of its current economic crisis.
B
Various poorly planned European efforts to rescue Spain's economy have only made the situation worse.
C
Spain's economic problems are in fact much less serious than those in the other European countries.
D
Despite the problems that Spain is facing, some factors indicate that there is hope for the country's economic future.
E
The pessimism surrounding Spain's economic situation is based on a certain prejudice rather than on a clear understanding of the factors involved.
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FGV 2012 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

According to the information in the article, which of the following is one of Spain's serious problems?

A
Exports have fallen sharply and now represent only 30 percent of Spain's Gross Domestic Product (GDP).
B
The European financial crisis has devastated Spain's export-based companies.
C
Many Spanish multinational companies have moved their production facilities overseas.
D
D Consumers in Spain have drastically reduced spending.
E
Spanish companies that concentrate on the domestic market are highly inefficient
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FGV 2012 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

According to the information in the article, which of the following is most likely a positive aspect of Spain's economy?

A
Exporters have maintained their expenses at a reasonable level and so are still able to compete with other companies.
B
Spanish workers still earn, on average, more than workers do in other European countries.
C
More than 250 big Spanish companies have managed to achieve greater productivity than have similar companies in Germany, Italy, and France.
D
Because they invested heavily in modernization and worker training in the pre-crisis years, Spanish companies have been able to maintain high levels of profitability.
E
By drastically reducing their number of employees, Spanish exporters have been able to maintain high levels of profitability.
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FGV 2012 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

In paragraph 3, the phrase "That puts it in a league with Germany..." most likely refers to which of the following?

A
Spain and Germany both export products to Asia.
B
The economies of Asia, Spain, and Germany are all based strongly on exports.
C
Spain's performance in the area of exports is similar to Germany's performance.
D
Spain's economy is now more dependent on exports than is Germany's economy.
E
By providing an ample market for Spanish products, Germany is helping to keep Spain's export industry robust.
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FGV 2012 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

With respect to levels of radiation, which of the following is most supported by the information in the article?

A
Scientists still have no information on how short-term exposure and long-term exposure to high levels of radiation affect living things.
B
Scientists now believe that climate plays an important role in determining how animals react to long-term exposure to high levels of radiation.
C
In studying the effects of high levels of radiation, Timothy Mousseau and his colleagues spent more time in the Fukushima region than they did in the Chernobyl region.
D
In July 2011, Timothy Mousseau and his colleagues went to the Fukushima and Chernobyl regions to discover why radiation levels were so high in both places.
E
Occasional brief exposure to a radiation level of 0.05 microsieverts is probably not harmful to most humans.
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FGV 2012 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

In the last paragraph, "this" in the sentence "The reasons for this are not clear" most likely refers to which of the following phenomena?

A
Though the Fukushima and Chernobyl regions received a similar amount of radiation, relatively more birds disappeared from the Fukushima region than disappeared from the Chernobyl region.
B
Sterility was more prevalent in Fukushima birds than in Chernobyl birds, even though both groups of birds were exposed to similar levels of radiation.
C
Though Fukushima and Chernobyl are situated in identical environments, birds in the Fukushima region are generally smaller and less healthy than are similar birds in the Chernobyl region.
D
Timothy Mousseau and his colleagues discovered that, in many cases, a region's environment protects animals against high levels of radiation.
E
Though the same types of birds were exposed to similar levels of radiation in the Fukushima and Chernobyl regions, the Fukushima birds in general remained healthier than the Chernobyl birds.