Questõesde FGV 2014 sobre Inglês

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FGV 2014, FGV 2014 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

In paragraph 2, “That” in the sentence “That is an old story” most likely refers to

LIBERALS AND ISLAMISTS

By Shadi Hamid 

Adapted from Time, August 12, 2013. 

A
the perennial failure of democracy in Egypt.
B
military interference in Egyptian politics.
C
the idea that dictatorships are more efficient than democracies.
D
refusing to let democratically elected religious figures run a country.
E
dismantling a democracy in order to preserve it.
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FGV 2014, FGV 2014 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

With respect to Tunisia’s Ennahda party, which of the following is not supported by the information in the article?

LIBERALS AND ISLAMISTS

By Shadi Hamid 

Adapted from Time, August 12, 2013. 

A
The party has shown itself to be more politically skillful than Egypt’s Mohamed Morsi and Muslim Brotherhood.
B
Two of the party’s important officials were recently murdered.
C
The party has avoided imposing all of its beliefs on the Tunisian people.
D
The party has so far demonstrated a commitment to the democratic process.
E
Though the party has behaved reasonably, Tunisian liberals view it with suspicion.
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FGV 2014 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

With respect to the situation in Egypt, which of the following is most supported by the information in the article?

LIBERALS AND ISLAMISTS

By Shadi Hamid 

Adapted from Time, August 12, 2013. 

A
In Egyptian terms, even the army may be considered a liberal institution.
B
Every Egyptian defines liberalism in his or her own way.
C
Liberals in Egypt are more radically anti-Islamist than they are in other Arab countries.
D
In Egypt, liberalism is the same as atheism.
E

Despite many conflicts, Egypt’s liberal politicians are still the most enthusiastic supporters of democracy.

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FGV 2014, FGV 2014 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

According to the information in the article, which of the following most likely happened in Algeria in 1992?

LIBERALS AND ISLAMISTS

By Shadi Hamid 

Adapted from Time, August 12, 2013. 

A
The Algerian military was unopposed when it annulled the country’s democratic elections.
B
A serious military intervention in Algerian politics encountered, in general, no liberal opposition.
C
Algeria’s military and liberal elite conspired to overthrow the country’s democratically elected Islamist government.
D
A civil war between Islamists and the Algerian military nearly destroyed the country.
E
Having lost the support of liberals, Islamists, and the Algerian military, Algeria’s democracy fell apart.
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FGV 2014, FGV 2014 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

In paragraph 1, when Mohamed ElBaradei says, “It was a painful decision,” he most likely is referring to his

LIBERALS AND ISLAMISTS

By Shadi Hamid 

Adapted from Time, August 12, 2013. 

A
refusal to accept a position in President Mohamed Morsi’s Islamist government.
B
belief that democracy will never work in Egypt.
C
offer to support, in the beginning, President Mohamed Morsi’s Islamist government.
D
approval of the military action that removed President Mohamed Morsi from power.
E
attempt to justify the massacre of Muslim radicals.
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FGV 2014, FGV 2014 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

According to the information in the article, Egypt’s liberals, in general,

LIBERALS AND ISLAMISTS

By Shadi Hamid 

Adapted from Time, August 12, 2013. 

A
can win democratic political victories only with the support of Egypt’s military.
B
have lost most of the widespread support that the great mass of Egyptians had once given them.
C
chose not to set up a democratic opposition to President Mohamed Morsi.
D
have continued to support Egypt’s democratically elected parliament while, at the same time, being opposed to President Mohamed Morsi.
E
remained neutral when President Mohamed Morsi was removed from power by Egypt’s military.
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FGV 2014 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

With respect to punishment, which of the following is most supported by the information in the article?


A
Because killing a human being disturbs public order and co-operation, it must always be punished severely.
B
Deciding how to punish often depends more on why a person committed an illegal act than on the result of that illegal act.
C
Certain serious crimes must be severely punished without exception, regardless of why those crimes were committed.
D
A sad personal history should not be used as a way to avoid punishment for a serious crime.
E
Punishing premeditated criminal activity severely is the most effective way to deter other premeditated criminal activity.
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FGV 2014 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

As mentioned in the last paragraph, which of the following probably best explains why English juries “used to throw tied-up defendants into a body of water”?


A
It was considered an appropriate punishment for certain crimes.
B
It was an effective way to get defendants to admit their guilt.
C
If a defendant got out of the water, the jury would accept this as an indication of that person’s innocence.
D
The English believed it was the only way to prove innocence or guilt.
E
The strong punitive instinct of the English caused them to seek vengeance instead of justice.
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FGV 2014 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Which of the following is most supported by the information in the article?


A
In general, it is easier to discover who committed a crime than to understand why that crime was committed.
B
If laws dealing with punishments are not clear and specific, judges and juries will tend to be too lenient with criminals.
C
In every society, the idea of what constitutes any crime is always evolving.
D
Abstract legal philosophy has nothing to do with the way the law really works.
E
In their essence, criminal law systems share a fundamental purpose.
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FGV 2014 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Which of the following questions most likely expresses the “simple but eternal problem” mentioned in paragraph 3?


A
How should society deal with a person when his or her illegal act upsets public order and co-operation?
B
How can a legal system be designed to punish criminals in a way that will deter others from practicing illegal acts?
C
Should a society that puts a high value on co-operation tolerate the presence of criminals and psychopaths?
D
Since it is so advantageous to live in a co-operative society, why do some people engage in illegal or anti-social behavior?
E
What criteria should determine whether or not a person is truly responsible for the crime he or she commits?
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FGV 2014 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

According to the information in the article, Freddie Hall’s lawyers most likely believe that


A
Freddie Hall did not commit all of the crimes for which he was sent to prison.
B
the death penalty is a barbaric act and should never be permitted in any situation.
C
before Freddie Hall was sentenced to death, certain aspects of his life did not receive adequate consideration in his trial.
D
since mentally disturbed people cannot control their behavior, it is wrong to punish them.
E
a criminal’s IQ should not be a factor when a judge is deciding on an appropriate punishment.
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FGV 2014 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

With respect to Freddie Hall, which of the following is most supported by the information in the article?


A
No prisoner on death row in the U.S is older than he is.
B
The U.S. Supreme Court can find no reason not to execute him.
C
Because of his precarious mental condition, he cannot be considered guilty of murdering Karol Hurst and Lonnie Coburn.
D
A certain Florida State rule determining who may or may not be executed no longer applies to him.
E
Because he is retarded and suffered many years of child abuse, he will not be executed for committing the crime of murder.
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FGV 2014 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

In paragraph 1, “The facts” in the sentence “The facts have never been in dispute” most likely refers to all of the following except


A
Freddie Hall was the co-participant in a terrible sex crime.
B
Freddie Hall helped to cause the death of a young woman and her unborn child.
C
The car that Freddie Hall and his companion used in a robbery attempt belonged to the murdered woman.
D
Freddie Hall and his companion killed an officer of the law in Florida State.
E
A jury decided that Freddie Hall must be executed as the punishment for his crimes.
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FGV 2014 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

With respect to the sabbath, which of the following is not supported by the information in the article?


A
The sabbath occupies an area in which commercial and governmental interests do not predominate.
B
A rich person and a poor person may get equal benefit from the sabbath.
C
The sabbath should be observed collectively, that is, as a community activity.
D
Maintaining a sabbath can help to keep important parts of society healthy.
E
Without a sabbath, liberal democracy is destined to fail.
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FGV 2014 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

With respect to the author’s conception of the sabbath, which of the following is most supported by the information in the article?


A
The sabbath’s only function is to impose limits on people.
B
The refusal to observe limits was the main factor that destroyed the Greek and Roman civilizations.
C
A rigid observation of the sabbath would make environmental regulations dealing with carbon consumption unnecessary.
D
A worldwide sabbath, with restrictions on the use of vehicles, could have an important impact on carbon consumption.
E
Only by understanding the idea of limits can people make sure that environmental devastation will never happen.
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FGV 2014 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

In paragraph 5, the article most likely mentions time and space in order to


A
highlight an essential similarity between the sabbath and parks.
B
show how both the sabbath and parks have been misunderstood and neglected in recent years.
C
explain why ideas of wealth, power and morality are not applicable to the sabbath or to parks.
D
emphasize a subtle difference between the purpose of the sabbath and that of parks.
E
illustrate just two of the many ways that people can work together to strengthen the idea of community.
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FGV 2014 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

At the end of paragraph 6, “This” in the sentence “This was, and remains, a fallacy” most likely refers to the belief that


A
respect for individual initiative and freedom of choice motivated Britain’s deregulation and privatisation of the national Sunday sabbath.
B
the British people would not observe the sabbath unless the law forced them to do so.
C
only Sunday should be the day reserved exclusively for national reflection and human interaction.
D
eliminating the restrictions normally associated with the sabbath would have a positive impact on the lives of all the British people.
E
when given freedom of choice, people never select the most beneficial option.