Questõesde FGV 2013 sobre Inglês

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FGV 2013 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

In paragraph 2, the sentence “That joke, however, is becoming less funny” most likely refers to which of the following ideas?

A
It is no longer surprising when a weather forecast is inaccurate.
B
Bad weather can be inconvenient in any situation and so is not inherently funny.
C
As global weather conditions are becoming more and more severe, an inaccurate weather forecast could be disastrous. 
D
Someone who suffers because of an inaccurate weather forecast is less likely to make jokes about extreme weather.
E
The world’s increasing tendency to suffer from extreme weather conditions has made weather forecasting even more vulnerable to inaccuracies.
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FGV 2013 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

According to the information in the article, the author thinks it is unusual that

A
weather forecasting seems to attract only second-rate scientists.
B
although weather forecasting is a fundamentally important activity, people tend to consider it hopelessly untrustworthy.
C
people refuse to take weather forecasting seriously, even though recently it has been shown to be very effective.
D
people seem to believe that weather forecasting is more of an exact science than it really is.
E
the vital social and economic importance of weather forecasting is something that people never take into consideration.
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FGV 2013 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

According to the information in the article, which of the following is most likely one of Kenneth D. Lukowiak’s opinions?

A
Epi will work on humans in the same way that it works on pond snails.
B
Epi works by circumventing the nervous system of the pond snail.
C
A connection between the serotonin receptors and the osphradium allows pond snails to optimize epi’s memory-enhancing benefits.
D
Neurons may be essential components in the way epi works on pond snails.
E
Epi’s ability to improve memory in pond snails is still a promising but unproved hypothesis.
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FGV 2013 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

According to the information in the article, Kenneth D. Lukowiak and his team discovered in one test that

A
snails in plain water needed fewer training sessions in order to modify their breathing habits.
B
they could modify the snails’ breathing habits by stimulating the snails’ lungs rather than their pneumostomes.
C
a group of snails could stay below the surface of epi-infused water for three days in a row.
D
the modified breathing behavior of snails in epi-infused water lasted more than 20 hours longer than did that of snails in plain water.
E
it was possible to train two groups of snails to breathe less frequently both underwater and at the surface of the water.
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FGV 2013 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

According to the information in the article, which of the following was a characteristic found exclusively in those snails trained in epi-infused water?

A
The training sessions made their pneumostomes more sensitive to physical stimulation.
B
They developed a lower tolerance to oxygen-poor water.
C
On average, they incorporated new behavioral patterns three times faster than did snails trained in plain water.
D
After they had been trained to modify one kind of behavior, it was relatively easy to train them to modify other kinds of behavior.
E
After they had been trained to modify one kind of behavior, it was relatively hard to train them to abandon that modified behavior.
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FGV 2013 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

According to the information in the article, Kenneth D. Lukowiak and two colleagues

A
identified Lymnaea stagnalis as the type of pond snail most affected by epi.
B
tried to find out what effect epi has on the memory of the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis.
C
discovered that, in some cases, epi weakens the breathing system of the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis.
D
tested the hypothesis that epi is the only flavonoid that improves the memory of the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis.
E
suggested that epi’s memory-enhancing properties work only for the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis.
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FGV 2013 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

In the last sentence of paragraph 2, “that” in “And that is what the team did” most likely refers to which of the following?

A
By physically manipulating the snails’ pneumostomes at the right moment, the team trained the snails to modify their breathing habits.
B
By incapacitating the snails’ breathing orifices at the right moment, the team was able to test the snails’ ability to remember.
C
By stimulating several parts of the snails’ respiratory systems at the right moment, the team strengthened the snails’ ability to remember.
D
By touching the snails’ pneumostomes at the right moment, the team trained the snails to breathe through their skin when out of water.
E
By putting the snails in epi-infused water at the right moment, the team trained the snails to spend more time breathing at the surface of the water.
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FGV 2013 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

According to the information in the article, pond snails

A
have two lungs for breathing underwater but only one lung for breathing at the surface of the water.
B
breathe through their skin when they are out of water.
C
rely on the pneumostome to breathe when they leave water that contains little oxygen.
D
regulate their breathing as an automatic response both to extreme climatic conditions and to the presence of strong physical stimuli.
E
cannot breathe through the pneumostome after they leave oxygen-rich water.
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FGV 2013 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

According to the information in the article, epicatechin (epi)

A
is the most abundant and beneficial of all the flavonoids.
B
is a “superfood” chemical found in most organic-food items.
C
is often prescribed in order to stimulate the brain’s ability to remember.
D
was found to be the one element that chocolate, green tea, and red wine have in common.
E
may be useful in strengthening the body against certain health problems.
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FGV 2013 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

In paragraph 1, the sentence “But is that so?” most likely means approximately the same as which of the following?

A
Is it true that epi really does offer a number of health benefits?
B
Is it possible that snails can improve their memory by consuming epi?
C
Is improved memory the most important benefit that results from consuming epi?
D
Could it be that epi strengthens rather than weakens the ability to remember?
E
Do only humans gain an improved memory by consuming epi?