Questõesde ESPM

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Foram encontradas 146 questões
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ESPM 2018 - Matemática - Potenciação, Álgebra

O número que se deve somar a 456788² para se obter 456789² é:

A
456789
B
1
C
456788
D
913579
E
913577
4cf908ae-fd
ESPM 2018 - Matemática - Análise Combinatória em Matemática

Os jogadores A, B e C estão sentados diante de uma mesa redonda e cada um tem 4 cartas nas mãos. As rodadas do jogo se sucedem da seguinte maneira:

Na 1ª rodada, A passa 1 carta para B.
Na 2ª rodada, B passa 2 cartas para C.
Na 3ª rodada, C passa 3 cartas para A.
Na 4ª rodada, A passa 4 cartas para B.
Na 5ª rodada, B passa 5 cartas para C e assim por diante, até que todas as cartas se encontrem nas mãos de A e o jogo termina.

O número de rodadas realizadas nesse jogo foi:

A
12
B
15
C
18
D
21
E
24
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ESPM 2018 - Matemática - Polinômios

O polinômio P(x) = a · xb + b · xc + c · xa é tal que os números a, b e c são naturais consecutivos nessa ordem. Sabendo-se que o resto da divisão de P(x) por (x – 1) é igual a 9, podemos afirmar que o resto da divisão de P(x) por (x + 1) é igual a:

A
3
B
1
C
2
D
5
E
4
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ESPM 2018 - Matemática - Relações Métricas no Triângulo Retângulo, Geometria Plana

Num triângulo retângulo de hipotenusa a e catetos b e c, a medida da altura relativa à hipotenusa é igual a 4. O valor da expressão a/b · c + b/a · c + c/a · b é igual a:

A
1
B
2
C
1/2
D
1/4
E
1/8
4d034181-fd
ESPM 2018 - Matemática - Funções, Equação Logarítmica

Se x ≠ y são reais não negativos e log(x² + y²) = 2 · log(x + y) , o valor de xy + yx é igual a:

A
2
B
1
C
4
D
0
E
3
4d064ee8-fd
ESPM 2018 - Matemática - Pontos e Retas, Geometria Analítica

Uma praça tem a forma de um quadrado de 200 m de lado. Partindo juntas de um mesmo canto P, duas amigas percorrem o perímetro da praça caminhando em sentidos opostos, com velocidades constantes. O primeiro encontro delas se dá em um ponto A e o segundo, em um ponto B. Se a medida do segmento PA é 250 m, então, o segmento PB mede:

A
50 m
B
100 m
C
150 m
D
200 m
E
250 m
4d0a710b-fd
ESPM 2018 - Matemática - Análise Combinatória em Matemática

Um menino possui 29 moedas de 10 centavos e 15 moedas de 25 centavos. O número de maneiras diferentes que ele tem para formar 5 reais é igual a:

A
2
B
3
C
4
D
5
E
6
4d0d785c-fd
ESPM 2018 - Matemática - Probabilidade

Estima-se que a probabilidade de um time de futebol repetir sua performance na temporada seguinte à atual é igual a 2/5 . Se nesta temporada esse time for campeão, a probabilidade de ele ser campeão daqui a duas temporadas é:

A
4/25
B
8/25
C
12/25
D
13/25
E
2/5
4d105c8e-fd
ESPM 2018 - Matemática - Pontos e Retas, Geometria Analítica

A figura abaixo representa uma parte de um bairro, onde os segmentos são as ruas e os pontos são as esquinas. Como só podemos caminhar pelas ruas, a distância entre os pontos A e B é de 6 quarteirões.


O número de esquinas assinaladas no mapa, que são equidistantes de A e B, é igual a:

A
5
B
6
C
9
D
8
E
7
4d1318df-fd
ESPM 2018 - Matemática - Geometria Plana, Ângulos - Lei Angular de Thales

ABCD é um quadrado e ABE é um triângulo isósceles de base AB, interno ao quadrado.



Se o ângulo BÊC mede 90°, a medida do ângulo ABE é igual a:

A
15º
B
30°
C
45°
D
60°
E
75º
4d1d405c-fd
ESPM 2018 - Matemática - Álgebra, Produtos Notáveis e Fatoração

As soluções reais da equação (x² – x)² + (y² – y)² = 0 representadas em um plano cartesiano, são vértices de um polígono cuja área vale:

A
1
B
2
C
√2
D
2√2
E
4
4d20734f-fd
ESPM 2018 - Matemática - Aritmética e Problemas, Médias

Em um escritório trabalhavam 15 pessoas. Em um certo ano o funcionário mais velho se aposentou, sendo substituído por um jovem de 20 anos. Se a média de idade dos funcionários desse escritório diminuiu 3 anos, a idade do funcionário que se aposentou era:

A
63
B
60
C
67
D
65
E
58
4d23a1c8-fd
ESPM 2018 - Matemática - Álgebra, Problemas

Daqui a 3 anos, a idade de um pai será a soma das idades que terão sua esposa e seu filho. Quando a esposa nasceu, a idade do pai era:

A
igual à idade atual do seu filho.
B
o dobro da idade atual do seu filho.
C
menor que a idade atual do seu filho.
D
3 anos a menos que a idade atual do seu filho.
E
igual à idade que terá seu filho daqui a 3 anos.
4d272ae3-fd
ESPM 2018 - Matemática - Álgebra Linear, Sistemas Lineares

O número 9xyz2 é o produto de 3 números pares consecutivos, onde x, y e z são algarismos ocultos. O valor da soma x + y + z é:

A
13
B
7
C
10
D
16
E
19
4d2ae6eb-fd
ESPM 2018 - Matemática - Progressão Aritmética - PA, Progressão Geométrica - PG, Progressões

Seja S = (a1, a2, a3, ... , an) uma sequência de números naturais em que:

a1 = 1
a2 = 1

, para n > 2

A soma dos 50 primeiros termos dessa sequência é igual a:

A
251 – 2
B
2100 – 2
C
250 – 1
D
250
E
251
4d2de056-fd
ESPM 2018 - Matemática - Aritmética e Problemas, Porcentagem

No início de 2016, 90% da população economicamente ativa de uma cidade estava em - pregada. Ao fim do primeiro semestre desse ano, 30% dos empregados deixaram seus empregos e 10% dos que estavam desempregados conseguiram emprego. Durante o segundo semestre desse ano, 20% dos trabalhadores foram demitidos ou pediram demissão, enquanto 50% dos desemprega - dos foram admitidos no mercado de trabalho. Podemos concluir que, no fim de 2016, a porcentagem de desempregados dessa cidade era próxima de:

A
27%
B
42%
C
31%
D
47%
E
35%
4d3104bc-fd
ESPM 2018 - Matemática - Áreas e Perímetros, Funções, Geometria Plana, Função de 2º Grau

No plano cartesiano abaixo estão representados o gráfico da função y = x² e o triângulo equilátero OAB.



A área desse triângulo mede:

A
2√3
B
3
C
√3
D
2
E
3√3
4d340916-fd
ESPM 2018 - Matemática - Funções, Função de 1º Grau

Considere a função f: N* → N, tal que f(x) seja o número máximo de interseções de x retas do plano. Assinale a única afirmação FALSA entre as alternativas abaixo:

A
f(3) = 3
B
f(4) = 6
C
f(x + 1) = 2 · f(x) para qualquer x ∈ N*
D
f(x+1) = f(x) + x para qualquer x ∈ N*
E
Não existe x ∈ N* tal que f(x) = 14
4d375132-fd
ESPM 2018 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

An important idea brought by the text is that James Brown’s song “Say It Loud, I’m Black and I’m Proud” was a milestone in the defense of:

How James Brown Made Black Pride a Hit

It’s been 50 years since he wrote “Say It Loud, I’m Black and I’m Proud,” a song that is still necessary.

By Randall Kennedy

   In the gym at Paul Junior High School in Washington, D.C., in the spring of 1968, not that long before the assassination of the Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., I asked a buddy whether he was interested in a certain girl. He told me that he was not because she was too dark.


   
   He and I were African-American. (Then we would have called ourselves Negro.) So was she. All of us supported the Civil Rights Movement and idolized Dr. King, yet I did not hold my friend’s colorstruck judgment against him. And he did not state his opinion with embarrassment. We had both internalized our society’s derogation of blackness.
    Indeed, we luxuriated in the denigration, spending hours trading silly, recycled but revealing insults: “Yo mama so black, she blend in with the chalkboard.” “Yeah, well, yo mama so black, she sweats chocolate.”
   It was precisely because of widespread colorism that James Brown’s anthem “Say It Loud, I’m Black and I’m Proud” posed a challenge, felt so exhilarating, and resonated so powerfully. It still does. Much has changed over the past half century. But, alas, the need to defend blackness against derision continues.
    Various musicians in the 1960s tapped into yearnings for black assertiveness, autonomy and solidarity. Curtis Mayfield and the Impressions sang “We’re a Winner.” Sly and the Family Stone offered “Stand.” Sam Cooke (and Aretha Franklin and Otis Redding) performed “A Change is Gonna Come.” But no entertainer equaled Brown’s vocalization of African-Americans’ newly triumphal sense of self-acceptance.
   That Brown created the song most popularly associated with the Black is Beautiful movement is ironic. He generally stayed away from protest, endorsed the presidential re-election of Richard Nixon, lavishly praised Ronald Reagan, and consistently lauded Strom Thurmond.
   His infrequent sallies into politics usually sounded in patriotic, lift-yourselfup-ism. In the song “America is My Home,” he proclaimed without embarrassment that the United States “is still the best country / And that’s without a doubt.” Alluding to his own trajectory, he challenged dissenters to name any other country in which a person could start out as a poor shoeshine boy but end up as a wealthy celebrity shaking hands with the president.
   At the very time that in “Say It Loud,” Brown seemed to be affirming Negritude, he also sported a “conk” — a distinctive hairdo that involved chemically removing kinkiness on the way to creating a bouffant of straightened hair. Many AfricanAmerican political activists, especially those with a black nationalist orientation, decried the conk as an illustration of racial self-hatred. For a brief period, Brown abandoned the conk and adopted an Afro, but that was only temporary. The conk was part of the characteristic look of “The Godfather of Soul.”
   Even though by 1968 uprisings against white supremacism had been erupting for a decade with great intensity and success — the Montgomery Bus Boycott, the Children’s’ Crusade in Birmingham, the protest against disenfranchisement in Selma — prejudice against blackness remained prevalent, including among African-Americans.
   Champions of African-American uplift in the 1960s sought to liberate blackness from the layers of contempt, fear, and hatred with which it had been smeared for centuries. Brown’s anthem poignantly reflected the psychic problem it sought to address. People secure in their status don’t feel compelled to trumpet their pride. At the same time “Say it Loud!” was a rousing instance of a reclamation that took many forms. Instead of celebrating light skin, thin lips, and “good” (i.e., straight) hair, increasing numbers of African-Americans began valorizing dark skin, thick lips and “bad” (i.e., kinky) hair.
    The reclamation of blackness in the sixties made tremendous headway quickly. By 1970 my friend would not have dared to repeat out loud what he had told me unapologetically two years before. Here, as elsewhere, however, changes wrought by the black liberation movement, though impressive, were only partial. Nearly four decades after the release of “Say It Loud,” Professors Jennifer Hochschild and Vesla Weaver, having synthesized the pertinent academic literature, declared authoritatively that compared to their lighter-skinned counterparts, dark-skinned blacks continue to be burdened by lower levels of education, income, and job status. They receive longer prison sentences and are less likely to own homes or to marry. Filmmakers, advertisers, modeling agencies, dating websites and other key gatekeepers demonstrate repeatedly the ongoing pertinence of the old saw: If you’re black get back. If you’re brown, stick around. If you’re white you’re alright.
      Intraracial colorism in Black America is often seen as a topic that should, if possible, be avoided, especially in “mixed company.” That sense of embarrassment three decades ago prompted officials at Morehouse College to demand that Spike Lee cease filming on campus once they learned that his movie was exposing, among other things, black collegiate colorism. The impulse toward avoidance remains strong.
    With racial prejudice against all African-Americans still a potent force, many would just as soon ditch the discussion of “black on black” complexional bias. Colorism, however, remains a baleful reality.
   Half a century after James Brown’s proclamation, it remains imperative to assert what should have been assumed and uncontroversial all along: that black is beautiful and as worthy of pride and care and consideration as any other hue.

(Adapted from: www.nytimes.com, 20/07/2018)
A
colorism.
B
African-Americans’ self-consciousness.
C
racial prejudice.
D
a black nationalist orientation.
E
the reclamation of blackness.
4d3a8c71-fd
ESPM 2018 - Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

In the second paragraph, the boldfaced sentence: “We had both internalized our society’s derogation of blackness.” means that:

How James Brown Made Black Pride a Hit

It’s been 50 years since he wrote “Say It Loud, I’m Black and I’m Proud,” a song that is still necessary.

By Randall Kennedy

   In the gym at Paul Junior High School in Washington, D.C., in the spring of 1968, not that long before the assassination of the Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., I asked a buddy whether he was interested in a certain girl. He told me that he was not because she was too dark.


   
   He and I were African-American. (Then we would have called ourselves Negro.) So was she. All of us supported the Civil Rights Movement and idolized Dr. King, yet I did not hold my friend’s colorstruck judgment against him. And he did not state his opinion with embarrassment. We had both internalized our society’s derogation of blackness.
    Indeed, we luxuriated in the denigration, spending hours trading silly, recycled but revealing insults: “Yo mama so black, she blend in with the chalkboard.” “Yeah, well, yo mama so black, she sweats chocolate.”
   It was precisely because of widespread colorism that James Brown’s anthem “Say It Loud, I’m Black and I’m Proud” posed a challenge, felt so exhilarating, and resonated so powerfully. It still does. Much has changed over the past half century. But, alas, the need to defend blackness against derision continues.
    Various musicians in the 1960s tapped into yearnings for black assertiveness, autonomy and solidarity. Curtis Mayfield and the Impressions sang “We’re a Winner.” Sly and the Family Stone offered “Stand.” Sam Cooke (and Aretha Franklin and Otis Redding) performed “A Change is Gonna Come.” But no entertainer equaled Brown’s vocalization of African-Americans’ newly triumphal sense of self-acceptance.
   That Brown created the song most popularly associated with the Black is Beautiful movement is ironic. He generally stayed away from protest, endorsed the presidential re-election of Richard Nixon, lavishly praised Ronald Reagan, and consistently lauded Strom Thurmond.
   His infrequent sallies into politics usually sounded in patriotic, lift-yourselfup-ism. In the song “America is My Home,” he proclaimed without embarrassment that the United States “is still the best country / And that’s without a doubt.” Alluding to his own trajectory, he challenged dissenters to name any other country in which a person could start out as a poor shoeshine boy but end up as a wealthy celebrity shaking hands with the president.
   At the very time that in “Say It Loud,” Brown seemed to be affirming Negritude, he also sported a “conk” — a distinctive hairdo that involved chemically removing kinkiness on the way to creating a bouffant of straightened hair. Many AfricanAmerican political activists, especially those with a black nationalist orientation, decried the conk as an illustration of racial self-hatred. For a brief period, Brown abandoned the conk and adopted an Afro, but that was only temporary. The conk was part of the characteristic look of “The Godfather of Soul.”
   Even though by 1968 uprisings against white supremacism had been erupting for a decade with great intensity and success — the Montgomery Bus Boycott, the Children’s’ Crusade in Birmingham, the protest against disenfranchisement in Selma — prejudice against blackness remained prevalent, including among African-Americans.
   Champions of African-American uplift in the 1960s sought to liberate blackness from the layers of contempt, fear, and hatred with which it had been smeared for centuries. Brown’s anthem poignantly reflected the psychic problem it sought to address. People secure in their status don’t feel compelled to trumpet their pride. At the same time “Say it Loud!” was a rousing instance of a reclamation that took many forms. Instead of celebrating light skin, thin lips, and “good” (i.e., straight) hair, increasing numbers of African-Americans began valorizing dark skin, thick lips and “bad” (i.e., kinky) hair.
    The reclamation of blackness in the sixties made tremendous headway quickly. By 1970 my friend would not have dared to repeat out loud what he had told me unapologetically two years before. Here, as elsewhere, however, changes wrought by the black liberation movement, though impressive, were only partial. Nearly four decades after the release of “Say It Loud,” Professors Jennifer Hochschild and Vesla Weaver, having synthesized the pertinent academic literature, declared authoritatively that compared to their lighter-skinned counterparts, dark-skinned blacks continue to be burdened by lower levels of education, income, and job status. They receive longer prison sentences and are less likely to own homes or to marry. Filmmakers, advertisers, modeling agencies, dating websites and other key gatekeepers demonstrate repeatedly the ongoing pertinence of the old saw: If you’re black get back. If you’re brown, stick around. If you’re white you’re alright.
      Intraracial colorism in Black America is often seen as a topic that should, if possible, be avoided, especially in “mixed company.” That sense of embarrassment three decades ago prompted officials at Morehouse College to demand that Spike Lee cease filming on campus once they learned that his movie was exposing, among other things, black collegiate colorism. The impulse toward avoidance remains strong.
    With racial prejudice against all African-Americans still a potent force, many would just as soon ditch the discussion of “black on black” complexional bias. Colorism, however, remains a baleful reality.
   Half a century after James Brown’s proclamation, it remains imperative to assert what should have been assumed and uncontroversial all along: that black is beautiful and as worthy of pride and care and consideration as any other hue.

(Adapted from: www.nytimes.com, 20/07/2018)
A
they were both lenient.
B
they were both criticizing white people racist behavior.
C
they were black and they were proud.
D
they didn’t acknowledge themselves as black.
E
they were self-conscious about their color.