• A situação descrita neste trecho do romance
Anna Karenina
By Leo Tolstoy - PART ONE - Chapter 1
Happy families are all alike; every unhappy family is unhappy
in its own way.
Everything was in confusion in the Oblonskys’ house. The wife
had discovered that the husband was carrying on an intrigue
with a French girl, who had been a governess in their family,
and she had announced to her husband that she could not go
on living in the same house with him. This position of affairs
had now lasted three days, and not only the husband and wife
themselves, but all the members of their family and household,
were painfully conscious of it. Every person in the house felt
that there was no sense in their living together, and that the
stray people brought together by chance in any inn had more
in common with one another than they, the members of the
family and household of the Oblonskys. The wife did not leave
her own room, the husband had not been at home for three days.
The children ran wild all over the house; the English governess
quarreled with the housekeeper, and wrote to a friend asking her
to look out for a new situation for her; the man-cook had walked
off the day before just at dinner time; the kitchen-maid, and the
coachman had given warning.
1994, Ramdom House, Inc.
Anna Karenina
By Leo Tolstoy - PART ONE - Chapter 1
Happy families are all alike; every unhappy family is unhappy in its own way.
Everything was in confusion in the Oblonskys’ house. The wife had discovered that the husband was carrying on an intrigue with a French girl, who had been a governess in their family, and she had announced to her husband that she could not go on living in the same house with him. This position of affairs had now lasted three days, and not only the husband and wife themselves, but all the members of their family and household, were painfully conscious of it. Every person in the house felt that there was no sense in their living together, and that the stray people brought together by chance in any inn had more in common with one another than they, the members of the family and household of the Oblonskys. The wife did not leave her own room, the husband had not been at home for three days. The children ran wild all over the house; the English governess quarreled with the housekeeper, and wrote to a friend asking her to look out for a new situation for her; the man-cook had walked off the day before just at dinner time; the kitchen-maid, and the coachman had given warning.
1994, Ramdom House, Inc.
Gabarito comentado
Alternativa correta: D
Tema central da questão: identificar a ideia principal de um trecho narrativo — aqui, a descrição do caos familiar decorrente da revelação de adultério. Essa habilidade exige distinguir entre informação central (o que o autor quer mostrar) e detalhes incidentais.
Resumo teórico e estratégia de leitura: em textos narrativos, procure primeiro a frase-tópico ou expressões que indicam causa/efeito (confusion, had discovered, could not go on living). A ideia principal costuma aparecer no início ou ser reforçada por repetições. Para concursos, use: 1) identificar palavras-chave; 2) resumir em 1 oração o parágrafo; 3) eliminar alternativas que trazem detalhes isolados ou interpretações não sustentadas pelo texto. (Fonte de apoio: Tolstoy, Anna Karenina — abertura; para técnicas, ver materiais de Reading Comprehension em publicações da Cambridge University Press e dicionários acadêmicos de leitura).
Por que D é correta: o trecho relata explicitamente que “Everything was in confusion in the Oblonskys’ house” e descreve consequências imediatas da descoberta do caso (esposa não sai do quarto, marido ausente, empregados pedindo demissão, crianças sem controle). Isso caracteriza, sem ambiguidade, um caos familiar causado pela revelação de adultério — exatamente o que a alternativa D afirma.
Análise das alternativas incorretas:
A — incorreta: sugere discussão moral sobre a governanta. O texto menciona a governante francesa como causa do conflito, mas não se dedica a discutir questões morais; foca nas consequências domésticas.
B — incorreta: embora o trecho apresente personagens, sua função principal não é traçar características detalhadas dos protagonistas, e sim mostrar a desordem causada pela traição.
C — incorreta: cita apenas um detalhe pontual (“The children ran wild”), mas o foco do parágrafo abrange todo o lar e várias reações; reduzir o trecho às atividades das crianças ignora o núcleo: o caos pós-revelação.
Dicas rápidas para provas: sublinhe palavras que indicam estado (confusion, could not go on), transforme o parágrafo em 1 frase-resumo, descarte alternativas que tratam de detalhes isolados ou inferências não suportadas.
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