Who discovered the shipwreck?
TEXTO REFERENTE À QUESTÂO.
Perfectly Preserved Ancient Shipwreck Found in the
Baltic Sea with Guns Ready to Fire
By Yasemin Saplakoglu, Staff Writer | July 24, 2019 01:33pm ET
An incredibly well-preserved ancient shipwreck has been
uncovered in the Baltic Sea.
Though it likely dates back to 500 to 600 years ago, "it's
almost like it sank yesterday," Rodrigo Pacheco-Ruiz, a maritime
archeologist with the survey specialists MMT, said in a
statement. The ship was first discovered using sonar - which
uses sound waves to detect objects - by the Swedish Maritime
Administration back in 2009.
But Pacheco-Ruiz and his team, in collaboration with the
Centre for Maritime Archeology at the University of Southampton
in England, recently led an archeological survey of the wreck
using underwater robots.
The survey revealed that the ship likely dates to the 15th
to early 16th centuries. Though it looks tattered, it is still largely
intact. The masts of the ship were still in place and the hull is
complete. On the main deck, leaning against the main mast,
the scientists found a small boat that was likely used to transport
the crew to and from the ship. They also found swivel guns on
the main deck, some still neatly packed away in gun ports.
Two swivel guns were still aimed in the firing position, The
Independent reported.
"This ship is contemporary to the times of Christopher
Columbus and Leonardo Da Vinci, yet it demonstrates a
remarkable level of preservation after five hundred years at
the bottom of the sea," Pacheco-Ruiz said. It's very wellpreserved due to the cold, slightly salty waters of the Baltic
Sea, he added.
(Adaptado de < https://www.livescience.com/66011-ancientshipwreck-baltic-sea.html > Acesso em 04/08/2019)
TEXTO REFERENTE À QUESTÂO.
Perfectly Preserved Ancient Shipwreck Found in the Baltic Sea with Guns Ready to Fire
By Yasemin Saplakoglu, Staff Writer | July 24, 2019 01:33pm ET
An incredibly well-preserved ancient shipwreck has been uncovered in the Baltic Sea.
Though it likely dates back to 500 to 600 years ago, "it's almost like it sank yesterday," Rodrigo Pacheco-Ruiz, a maritime archeologist with the survey specialists MMT, said in a statement. The ship was first discovered using sonar - which uses sound waves to detect objects - by the Swedish Maritime Administration back in 2009.
But Pacheco-Ruiz and his team, in collaboration with the Centre for Maritime Archeology at the University of Southampton in England, recently led an archeological survey of the wreck using underwater robots.
The survey revealed that the ship likely dates to the 15th to early 16th centuries. Though it looks tattered, it is still largely intact. The masts of the ship were still in place and the hull is complete. On the main deck, leaning against the main mast, the scientists found a small boat that was likely used to transport the crew to and from the ship. They also found swivel guns on the main deck, some still neatly packed away in gun ports. Two swivel guns were still aimed in the firing position, The Independent reported.
"This ship is contemporary to the times of Christopher Columbus and Leonardo Da Vinci, yet it demonstrates a remarkable level of preservation after five hundred years at the bottom of the sea," Pacheco-Ruiz said. It's very wellpreserved due to the cold, slightly salty waters of the Baltic Sea, he added.
(Adaptado de < https://www.livescience.com/66011-ancientshipwreck-baltic-sea.html > Acesso em 04/08/2019)
Gabarito comentado
Resposta correta: D - The Swedish Maritime Administration
Tema central: questão de reading comprehension que exige localizar informação explícita no texto — identificar quem realizou uma ação descrita (discover).
Resumo teórico rápido: em textos informativos, detalhes factuais (datas, agentes de ações, locais) aparecem geralmente em frases com verbo no passado e complemento agente (por exemplo: "was discovered ... by X"). A estratégia-chave é scanning (varredura) para palavras-âncora: "discovered", "by", nomes próprios.
Justificativa da alternativa correta (D): o texto afirma que "The ship was first discovered ... by the Swedish Maritime Administration back in 2009." A expressão "first discovered ... by" identifica explicitamente o agente da descoberta — portanto a Administração Marítima Sueca é quem descobriu o naufrágio.
Análise das alternativas incorretas:
A — Pacheco-Ruiz and his team. Errada: eles lideraram uma pesquisa arqueológica posterior com robôs; não foram os responsáveis pela descoberta inicial, conforme o trecho que diz que o navio foi "first discovered" em 2009.
B — The Centre for Maritime Archaeology. Errada: aparece como colaborador na investigação (em parceria), não como descobridor original.
C — Christopher Columbus and Leonardo da Vinci. Errada e ilógica no contexto: mencionados como contemporâneos do navio (época histórica), não como agentes de qualquer descoberta moderna.
Dica prática para provas: ao responder, localize o verbo-chave (discover/find/locate) e leia a frase inteira procurando preposição "by" que normalmente indica o agente da ação; ignore menções posteriores de quem investigou ou estudou o objeto — essas não equivalem à descoberta inicial.
Fontes úteis para estratégias de leitura: British Council — "Reading skills" (https://www.britishcouncil.org) e Cambridge Assessment — orientações sobre reading for detail (https://www.cambridgeenglish.org).
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