The word "shipwreck" appears in the title and in the first
paragraph of the text. What is the best definition of "shipwreck"?
TEXTO REFERENTE À QUESTÂO.
Perfectly Preserved Ancient Shipwreck Found in the
Baltic Sea with Guns Ready to Fire
By Yasemin Saplakoglu, Staff Writer | July 24, 2019 01:33pm ET
An incredibly well-preserved ancient shipwreck has been
uncovered in the Baltic Sea.
Though it likely dates back to 500 to 600 years ago, "it's
almost like it sank yesterday," Rodrigo Pacheco-Ruiz, a maritime
archeologist with the survey specialists MMT, said in a
statement. The ship was first discovered using sonar - which
uses sound waves to detect objects - by the Swedish Maritime
Administration back in 2009.
But Pacheco-Ruiz and his team, in collaboration with the
Centre for Maritime Archeology at the University of Southampton
in England, recently led an archeological survey of the wreck
using underwater robots.
The survey revealed that the ship likely dates to the 15th
to early 16th centuries. Though it looks tattered, it is still largely
intact. The masts of the ship were still in place and the hull is
complete. On the main deck, leaning against the main mast,
the scientists found a small boat that was likely used to transport
the crew to and from the ship. They also found swivel guns on
the main deck, some still neatly packed away in gun ports.
Two swivel guns were still aimed in the firing position, The
Independent reported.
"This ship is contemporary to the times of Christopher
Columbus and Leonardo Da Vinci, yet it demonstrates a
remarkable level of preservation after five hundred years at
the bottom of the sea," Pacheco-Ruiz said. It's very wellpreserved due to the cold, slightly salty waters of the Baltic
Sea, he added.
(Adaptado de < https://www.livescience.com/66011-ancientshipwreck-baltic-sea.html > Acesso em 04/08/2019)
TEXTO REFERENTE À QUESTÂO.
Perfectly Preserved Ancient Shipwreck Found in the Baltic Sea with Guns Ready to Fire
By Yasemin Saplakoglu, Staff Writer | July 24, 2019 01:33pm ET
An incredibly well-preserved ancient shipwreck has been uncovered in the Baltic Sea.
Though it likely dates back to 500 to 600 years ago, "it's almost like it sank yesterday," Rodrigo Pacheco-Ruiz, a maritime archeologist with the survey specialists MMT, said in a statement. The ship was first discovered using sonar - which uses sound waves to detect objects - by the Swedish Maritime Administration back in 2009.
But Pacheco-Ruiz and his team, in collaboration with the Centre for Maritime Archeology at the University of Southampton in England, recently led an archeological survey of the wreck using underwater robots.
The survey revealed that the ship likely dates to the 15th to early 16th centuries. Though it looks tattered, it is still largely intact. The masts of the ship were still in place and the hull is complete. On the main deck, leaning against the main mast, the scientists found a small boat that was likely used to transport the crew to and from the ship. They also found swivel guns on the main deck, some still neatly packed away in gun ports. Two swivel guns were still aimed in the firing position, The Independent reported.
"This ship is contemporary to the times of Christopher Columbus and Leonardo Da Vinci, yet it demonstrates a remarkable level of preservation after five hundred years at the bottom of the sea," Pacheco-Ruiz said. It's very wellpreserved due to the cold, slightly salty waters of the Baltic Sea, he added.
(Adaptado de < https://www.livescience.com/66011-ancientshipwreck-baltic-sea.html > Acesso em 04/08/2019)
Gabarito comentado
Resposta correta: Alternativa C
1. Tema central: a questão exige interpretação de vocabulário em contexto — identificar o sentido de “shipwreck” a partir do texto. Esse tipo de pergunta avalia leitura seletiva e conhecimento de definições básicas do inglês.
2. Resumo teórico: em inglês, muitos termos compostos são formados por uma palavra principal + complemento. “Shipwreck” junta ship (navio) e wreck (destruição, destroço). Dicionários respeitados (Merriam‑Webster; Oxford Learner’s) definem “shipwreck” como um navio que foi destruído ou afundado, ou os destroços resultantes.
3. Justificativa da alternativa C: “It is a ship that has been destroyed or sunk at sea.” Esta definição coincide com as fontes lexicográficas e com o uso no texto de apoio, que descreve um navio encontrado no fundo do mar, preservado após ter afundado. Logo, C é a resposta precisa e geral.
4. Por que as demais alternativas estão erradas:
A — “It is a small boat used to transport the crew…”: descreve um boat auxiliar (tender), que inclusive aparece no texto, mas não é o significado de “shipwreck”. Confunde objeto encontrado com a definição do termo.
B — “It is a ship that has swivel guns.”: menciona um detalhe (armamento) presente no naufrágio, mas isso não caracteriza o termo. Nem todo “shipwreck” tem canhões; portanto é definição demasiado específica e incorreta.
D — “It is a big ship that has masts and a wooden hull.”: também descreve atributos possíveis de um navio antigo, mas não é a definição de “shipwreck”. Um naufrágio pode ser de várias formas e tamanhos; o essencial é que o navio foi destruído/afundado.
5. Estratégia para provas: ao definir palavras, prefira a alternativa que ofereça a definição genérica e compatível com dicionários. Elimine opções que misturam características específicas do texto com definição lexical. Procure palavras-chave (ex.: sink, wreck, found at the bottom of the sea).
Fonte consultada (exemplos de referência): Merriam‑Webster / Oxford Learner’s Dictionaries — definições de “shipwreck”.
Gostou do comentário? Deixe sua avaliação aqui embaixo!
