Questão daab200c-76
Prova:UNIVESP 2018
Disciplina:Inglês
Assunto:Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension
Leia o primeiro parágrafo, em que se responde à pergunta
“What is modern-day slavery?”. De acordo com esse parágrafo, uma das formas que a escravidão moderna assume é
Leia o primeiro parágrafo, em que se responde à pergunta
“What is modern-day slavery?”. De acordo com esse parágrafo, uma das formas que a escravidão moderna assume é
Leia o texto para responder a questão.
Modern-day slavery: an explainer
Photograph: Mario Tama/Getty
What is modern-day slavery?
About 150 years after most countries banned slavery –
Brazil was the last to abolish its participation in the transatlantic
slave trade, in 1888 – millions of men, women and children are
still enslaved. Contemporary slavery takes many forms, from
women forced into prostitution, to child slavery in agriculture
supply chains or whole families working for nothing to pay
off generational debts. Slavery thrives on every continent and
in almost every country. Forced labour, people trafficking,
debt bondage and child marriage are all forms of modern-day
slavery that affect the world’s most vulnerable people.
How is slavery defined? Slavery is prohibited under the 1948 Universal Declaration
of Human Rights, which states: “No one shall be held in slavery
or servitude: slavery and the slave trade shall be prohibited in
all their forms.” Definitions of modern-day slavery are mainly taken
from the 1956 UN supplementary convention, which says:
“debt bondage, serfdom, forced marriage and the delivery
of a child for the exploitation of that child are all slavery-like
practices and require criminalisation and abolishment”. The
1930 Forced Labour Convention defines forced labour as “all
work or service which is exacted from any person under the
menace of any penalty and for which the said person has
not offered himself voluntarily”. As contemporary systems of
slavery have evolved, new definitions, including trafficking and
distinguishing child slavery from child labour, have developed.
How many people are enslaved across the world? Due to its illegality, data on modern-day slavery is difficult
to collate. The UN’s International Labour Organisation (ILO)
estimates that about 21 million people are in forced labour
at any point in time. The ILO says this estimate includes
trafficking and other forms of modern slavery. The only
exceptions are trafficking for organ removal, forced marriage
and adoption, unless the last two practices result in forced
labour. The ILO calculates that 90% of the 21 million are
exploited by individuals or companies, while 10% are forced
to work by the state, rebel military groups, or in prisons under
conditions that violate ILO standards. Sexual exploitation
accounts for 22% of slaves.
(www.theguardian.com/global-development/2013/apr/03/modern-day-slavery-explainer. Adaptado)
Leia o texto para responder a questão.
Modern-day slavery: an explainer
Photograph: Mario Tama/Getty
What is modern-day slavery?
About 150 years after most countries banned slavery –
Brazil was the last to abolish its participation in the transatlantic
slave trade, in 1888 – millions of men, women and children are
still enslaved. Contemporary slavery takes many forms, from
women forced into prostitution, to child slavery in agriculture
supply chains or whole families working for nothing to pay
off generational debts. Slavery thrives on every continent and
in almost every country. Forced labour, people trafficking,
debt bondage and child marriage are all forms of modern-day
slavery that affect the world’s most vulnerable people.
How is slavery defined?
Slavery is prohibited under the 1948 Universal Declaration
of Human Rights, which states: “No one shall be held in slavery
or servitude: slavery and the slave trade shall be prohibited in
all their forms.”
Definitions of modern-day slavery are mainly taken
from the 1956 UN supplementary convention, which says:
“debt bondage, serfdom, forced marriage and the delivery
of a child for the exploitation of that child are all slavery-like
practices and require criminalisation and abolishment”. The
1930 Forced Labour Convention defines forced labour as “all
work or service which is exacted from any person under the
menace of any penalty and for which the said person has
not offered himself voluntarily”. As contemporary systems of
slavery have evolved, new definitions, including trafficking and
distinguishing child slavery from child labour, have developed.
How many people are enslaved across the world?
Due to its illegality, data on modern-day slavery is difficult
to collate. The UN’s International Labour Organisation (ILO)
estimates that about 21 million people are in forced labour
at any point in time. The ILO says this estimate includes
trafficking and other forms of modern slavery. The only
exceptions are trafficking for organ removal, forced marriage
and adoption, unless the last two practices result in forced
labour. The ILO calculates that 90% of the 21 million are
exploited by individuals or companies, while 10% are forced
to work by the state, rebel military groups, or in prisons under
conditions that violate ILO standards. Sexual exploitation
accounts for 22% of slaves.
(www.theguardian.com/global-development/2013/apr/03/modern-day-slavery-explainer. Adaptado)
A
o tráfico transatlântico de pessoas.
B
a vinculação de pessoas por meio de endividamento.
C
o preconceito em relação a refugiados e migrantes.
D
a exploração desenfreada do trabalho sazonal no agronegócio.
E
a marginalização de mulheres no mercado de trabalho.
Gabarito comentado
Áida Setton ZylberglejdProfessora de Inglês e Tradutora. Certificado de Proficiência pela Cambridge University. Tutora na Polytechnic of Central London.
A questão cobra interpretação de
um texto sobre a escravidão contemporânea.
Vamos analisar o parágrafo 1:
About 150 years after most countries banned slavery – Brazil was the last to abolish its participation in the transatlantic slave trade, in 1888 – millions of men, women and children are still enslaved. Contemporary slavery takes many forms, from women forced into prostitution, to child slavery in agriculture supply chains or whole families working for nothing to pay off generational debts. Slavery thrives on every continent and in almost every country. Forced labour, people trafficking, debt bondage and child marriage are all forms of modern-day slavery that affect the world's most vulnerable people.
Tradução -Cerca de 150 anos depois que a maioria dos países baniu a escravidão - o Brasil foi o último a abolir sua participação no tráfico transatlântico de escravos, em 1888 - milhões de homens, mulheres e crianças ainda são escravos. A escravidão contemporânea assume muitas formas, desde mulheres forçadas à prostituição à escravidão infantil nas cadeias de abastecimento da agricultura ou famílias inteiras trabalhando de graça para pagar dívidas de gerações. A escravidão prospera em todos os continentes e em quase todos os países. Trabalho forçado, tráfico de pessoas, servidão por dívida e casamento infantil são todas as formas de escravidão dos dias modernos que afetam as pessoas mais vulneráveis do mundo.
Voltando à questão e às alternativas: De acordo com esse parágrafo, uma das formas que a escravidão moderna assume é ...
A) Incorreto - o tráfico transatlântico de pessoas.
Isso acontecia no passado.
B) Correto - a vinculação de pessoas por meio de endividamento.
Famílias inteiras trabalhando de graça para pagar dívidas de gerações.
C) Incorreto - o preconceito em relação a refugiados e migrantes.
Não mencionado no trecho.
D) Incorreto - a exploração desenfreada do trabalho sazonal no agronegócio.
Não mencionado no trecho.
E) Incorreto - a marginalização de mulheres no mercado de trabalho.
Mulheres forçadas à prostituição
Gabarito do Professor: Alternativa B
Vamos analisar o parágrafo 1:
About 150 years after most countries banned slavery – Brazil was the last to abolish its participation in the transatlantic slave trade, in 1888 – millions of men, women and children are still enslaved. Contemporary slavery takes many forms, from women forced into prostitution, to child slavery in agriculture supply chains or whole families working for nothing to pay off generational debts. Slavery thrives on every continent and in almost every country. Forced labour, people trafficking, debt bondage and child marriage are all forms of modern-day slavery that affect the world's most vulnerable people.
Tradução -Cerca de 150 anos depois que a maioria dos países baniu a escravidão - o Brasil foi o último a abolir sua participação no tráfico transatlântico de escravos, em 1888 - milhões de homens, mulheres e crianças ainda são escravos. A escravidão contemporânea assume muitas formas, desde mulheres forçadas à prostituição à escravidão infantil nas cadeias de abastecimento da agricultura ou famílias inteiras trabalhando de graça para pagar dívidas de gerações. A escravidão prospera em todos os continentes e em quase todos os países. Trabalho forçado, tráfico de pessoas, servidão por dívida e casamento infantil são todas as formas de escravidão dos dias modernos que afetam as pessoas mais vulneráveis do mundo.
Voltando à questão e às alternativas: De acordo com esse parágrafo, uma das formas que a escravidão moderna assume é ...
A) Incorreto - o tráfico transatlântico de pessoas.
Isso acontecia no passado.
B) Correto - a vinculação de pessoas por meio de endividamento.
Famílias inteiras trabalhando de graça para pagar dívidas de gerações.
C) Incorreto - o preconceito em relação a refugiados e migrantes.
Não mencionado no trecho.
D) Incorreto - a exploração desenfreada do trabalho sazonal no agronegócio.
Não mencionado no trecho.
E) Incorreto - a marginalização de mulheres no mercado de trabalho.
Mulheres forçadas à prostituição
Gabarito do Professor: Alternativa B
