Which of the following sentences is CORRECT, according to the text?
READ THE FOLLOWING TEXT AND CHOOSE THE OPTION WHICH BEST COMPLETES EACH
QUESTION ACCORDING TO THE TEXT:
Why do we buy into the 'cult' of overwork?
By Bryan Lufkin, 9th May 2021
Although many of us associate overly ambitious workaholism with the 1980s and the finance industry,
the tendency to devote ourselves to work and glamourize long-hours culture remains as pervasive as
ever. In fact, it is expanding into more sectors and professions, in slightly different packaging. Overwork
isn't a phenomenon exclusive to Silicon Valley or Wall Street. People work long hours all over the world,
for many different reasons.
In Japan, a culture of overwork can be traced back to the 1950s, when the government pushed hard for
the country to be rebuilt quickly after World War Two. In Arab League countries, burnout is high among
medical professionals, possibly because its 22 members are developing nations with overburdened
healthcare systems, studies suggest. Reasons for overwork also depend on industry. Some of the
earliest researchers on burnout in the 1970s asserted that many people in jobs geared toward helping
others, like employees in clinics or crisis-intervention centers, tended to work long hours that led to
emotional and physical exhaustion – a trend which is shown up in the pandemic, too. But millions of us
overwork because somehow, we think it’s exciting – a status symbol that puts us on the path to success,
whether we define that by wealth or an Instagram post that makes it seem like we're living a dream life
with a dream job. Romanticization of work seems to be an especially common practice among
"knowledge workers" in the middle and upper classes. In 2014, the New Yorker called this devotion to
overwork "a cult".
According to Anat Lechner, clinical associate professor of management at New York University. "We
glorify the lifestyle, and the lifestyle is: you breathe something, you sleep with something, you wake up
and work on it all day long, then you go to sleep. Again, and again and again."
Adapted from: Home - BBC Worklife.
Why do we buy into the 'cult' of overwork?
By Bryan Lufkin, 9th May 2021
Although many of us associate overly ambitious workaholism with the 1980s and the finance industry, the tendency to devote ourselves to work and glamourize long-hours culture remains as pervasive as ever. In fact, it is expanding into more sectors and professions, in slightly different packaging. Overwork isn't a phenomenon exclusive to Silicon Valley or Wall Street. People work long hours all over the world, for many different reasons.
In Japan, a culture of overwork can be traced back to the 1950s, when the government pushed hard for the country to be rebuilt quickly after World War Two. In Arab League countries, burnout is high among medical professionals, possibly because its 22 members are developing nations with overburdened healthcare systems, studies suggest. Reasons for overwork also depend on industry. Some of the earliest researchers on burnout in the 1970s asserted that many people in jobs geared toward helping others, like employees in clinics or crisis-intervention centers, tended to work long hours that led to emotional and physical exhaustion – a trend which is shown up in the pandemic, too. But millions of us overwork because somehow, we think it’s exciting – a status symbol that puts us on the path to success, whether we define that by wealth or an Instagram post that makes it seem like we're living a dream life with a dream job. Romanticization of work seems to be an especially common practice among "knowledge workers" in the middle and upper classes. In 2014, the New Yorker called this devotion to overwork "a cult".
According to Anat Lechner, clinical associate professor of management at New York University. "We glorify the lifestyle, and the lifestyle is: you breathe something, you sleep with something, you wake up and work on it all day long, then you go to sleep. Again, and again and again."
Adapted from: Home - BBC Worklife.
Gabarito comentado
Tema central da questão: Esta questão aborda interpretação de texto em inglês, habilidade essencial em provas de Vestibular e concursos públicos. O objetivo é identificar qual alternativa representa uma informação correta e fiel ao texto base.
Estratégia de resolução: É fundamental buscar correspondência exata entre as alternativas e o texto. Palavras-chave, como “especially common”, “romanticization of work”, “middle and upper classes”, orientam a análise das ideias principais.
Justificativa da alternativa correta – C:
O texto afirma: “Romanticization of work seems to be an especially common practice among ‘knowledge workers’ in the middle and upper classes.” Ou seja, a glamourização do excesso de trabalho é realmente mais recorrente entre as classes média e alta. Assim, a alternativa C traduz fielmente o conteúdo do texto.
Análise das alternativas incorretas:
A) Fala sobre a importância de postagens no Instagram para carreiras. O texto cita o Instagram apenas como um exemplo da ostentação do "culto ao trabalho", nunca como meio imprescindível para sucesso profissional. Pegadinha: Generalização indevida.
B) Afirma que a cultura de burnout virou símbolo de status no Japão e Liga Árabe. No texto, burnout em médicos na Liga Árabe é tratado como consequência de sistemas sobrecarregados, não como status. Sobre o Japão, a origem da cultura do trabalho é o pós-guerra, sem menção a glamourização nesses países.
D) Diz que a tendência de sobrecarga começou nos anos 1970 em centros de crise. O texto explica que estudos da década de 1970 apenas reconheceram ou pesquisaram tal tendência, não que ela se originou nesse momento ou nesses locais. Pegadinha: Inversão de causa e consequências.
Dica de interpretação: Sempre busque evidências textuais claras para cada alternativa e cuide com termos como “extremamente importante”, “começou”, “status symbol” – são sinais de possíveis afirmações exageradas, absolutas ou fora do contexto real.
Gostou do comentário? Deixe sua avaliação aqui embaixo!
