Considering the recent European study about e-cigarettes,
fill in the parentheses with T (True) or F (False).
( ) Over thirteen thousand people took part in the survey.
( ) All the participants had been cigarette smokers at some
point.
( ) The smokers in the study used more cigarettes a day when
they vaped.
( ) None of the participants had tried e-cigarettes before the
survey.
The correct sequence, from top to bottom, is
Questão
Big U.S. tobacco companies are all developing
e-cigarettes. The battery-powered gadgets feature a
glowing tip and a heating element that turns liquid
nicotine and flavorings into a cloud of vapor that
users inhale. Some past research has suggested
that using e-cigarettes may help smokers cut down
on use of traditional tobacco products, or even
transition entirely away from tobacco – an idea
aggressively marketed by e-cigarette and tobacco
companies.
But a recent European study says that smokers
who also use e-cigarettes may be half as likely to
give up tobacco as smokers who never vape at all.
Researchers analyzed data from a 2014
survey of more than 13,000 current or former
smokers in the European Union. About 2,500 had
tried vaping at least once; 46% of the participants
were former smokers and 19% currently or
previously used e-cigarettes. The study revealed
that people smoked an average of about 14
cigarettes a day when they didn’t vape, and around
16 cigarettes a day when they did.
“This is important because e-cigarettes are
widely promoted as a smoking cessation tool”, said
senior author Stanton Glantz of California, San
Francisco. “And, while there is no question that
some smokers do successfully quit with e-cigarettes,
they keep many more people smoking”, he added.
“Most adult smokers express a desire to quit,
and many try and fail”, said Samir Soneji, a health
policy researcher in New Hampshire. “E-cigarettes
might seem like an appealing cessation tool because
the devices in some ways mimic the smoking, but
nicotine gum or patches may be more effective.”
RAPAPORT, Lisa. Disponível em: <http://www.foxnews.com>. Acesso em: abr.
2018. Adaptado.
Big U.S. tobacco companies are all developing e-cigarettes. The battery-powered gadgets feature a glowing tip and a heating element that turns liquid nicotine and flavorings into a cloud of vapor that users inhale. Some past research has suggested that using e-cigarettes may help smokers cut down on use of traditional tobacco products, or even transition entirely away from tobacco – an idea aggressively marketed by e-cigarette and tobacco companies.
Researchers analyzed data from a 2014 survey of more than 13,000 current or former smokers in the European Union. About 2,500 had tried vaping at least once; 46% of the participants were former smokers and 19% currently or previously used e-cigarettes. The study revealed that people smoked an average of about 14 cigarettes a day when they didn’t vape, and around 16 cigarettes a day when they did.
Gabarito comentado
Gabarito comentado: Alternativa E
Tema central: Esta questão avalia interpretação de texto (reading comprehension) em inglês, habilidade crucial em concursos vestibulares. O candidato deve identificar informações explícitas no texto e analisar o sentido das afirmações propostas.
Estratégia para resolução: O método recomendado é a leitura atenta das informações essenciais do texto, procurando palavras-chave e fazendo comparações diretas entre o enunciado e os dados do texto. Esse procedimento segue as orientações de autores clássicos, como I. A. Richards, que defendem a análise detalhada para compreensão assertiva.
Análise das afirmativas:
1. Over thirteen thousand people took part in the survey.
Afirmativa Verdadeira (T). O texto traz: "more than 13,000 current or former smokers", confirmando o dado.
2. All the participants had been cigarette smokers at some point.
Afirmativa Verdadeira (T). "Current or former smokers" significa que todos já fumaram em algum momento.
3. The smokers in the study used more cigarettes a day when they vaped.
Afirmativa Verdadeira (T). O texto diz que a média é 14 cigarros/dia para quem não vape e 16 cigarros/dia para quem vape.
4. None of the participants had tried e-cigarettes before the survey.
Afirmativa Falsa (F). O texto afirma que cerca de 2.500 participantes já haviam experimentado e-cigarettes.
Justificativa para a alternativa correta: A sequência correta é T T T F, Alternativa E. Todas as respostas são observadas diretamente no texto, demonstrando domínio da habilidade de skimming e scanning para localização exata de informações.
Análise das alternativas incorretas:
- A: Marca errada as afirmativas 1 e 3.
- B: Inverte as respostas das afirmativas 1 e 4.
- C: Erra as afirmativas 2 e 3.
- D: Responde errado a afirmativa 2.
Possíveis pegadinhas: Atenção a termos absolutos como "none", que sugerem total ausência; em provas, termos assim quase sempre exigem checagem rigorosa no texto!
Resumo: A alternativa E está correta por respeitar rigorosamente os dados do texto. Pratique a localização precisa de informações e cuidado com absolutismos no inglês para não cair em pegadinhas comuns em interpretação.
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