The main idea of the text is related to:
The main idea of the text is related to:
Britain bans gasoline and diesel cars starting in 2040
Britain will ban sales of new gasoline and diesel cars starting in 2040 as part of a bid to clean up the country’s air. The decision
to phase out the internal combustion engine heralds a new era of low-emission technologies with major implications for the auto
industry, society and the environment. “We can’t carry on with diesel and petrol cars”, U.K. environment secretary Michael Gove told
the BBC on Wednesday. “There is no alternative to embracing new technology”. Almost 2.7 million new cars were registered in the
U.K. in 2016, making it the second biggest market in Europe after Germany.
Meeting the 2040 deadline will be a heavy lift. British demand for electric and fuel cell cars, as well as plug-in hybrids, grew 40%
in 2015, but they only accounted for less than 3% of the market. Still, experts say sales of clean cars are likely to continue on their
dramatic upward trajectory.
The car industry says that demand for electric vehicles will only reach a tipping point once they're cheaper to own than
conventional vehicles.
The deadline was announced by the government on Wednesday as part of a plan to reduce air pollution. The blueprint
highlighted roughly £1.4 billion in government investment designed to help ensure that every vehicle on the road in Britain produces
zero emissions by 2050.
Gove said action was needed because gasoline and diesel engines contribute to health problems, “accelerate climate change,
do damage to the planet and the next generation”. Roughly 40,000 deaths in Britain each year are attributable to outdoor air pollution,
according to a study published last year by the Royal College of Physicians. Dirty air has been linked to cancer, asthma, stroke and
heart disease, among other health issues.
The problem is especially pronounced in big cities. London surpassed the European Union’s annual limit for nitrogen dioxide
exposure just five days into the new year, according to King’s College. The university estimates that air pollution is responsible for
9,400 premature deaths in the city every year.
The timeline for ending sales of internal combustion engines mirrors one proposed in early July by France. President Emmanuel
Macron has given the auto industry the same deadline to make the switch to cleaner tech.
“We are quite rightly in a position of global leadership when it comes to shaping new technology”, Gove said. But the auto
industry, which supports over 800,000 jobs in the U.K., is wary of hard deadlines.
Other countries have been even more ambitious than the U.K. India is planning to stop selling gas-powered vehicles by 2030.
The German car industry and government officials will meet in early August to discuss the future of diesel engine technology.
Manufacturers are trying to avoid diesel cars being banned from German towns and cities.
(Disponível:http://money.cnn.com/2017/07/26/news/uk-bans-gasoline-diesel-engines-2040/index.html>. Adaptado. Acesso: 26 de julho de 2017.)
Britain bans gasoline and diesel cars starting in 2040
Britain will ban sales of new gasoline and diesel cars starting in 2040 as part of a bid to clean up the country’s air. The decision to phase out the internal combustion engine heralds a new era of low-emission technologies with major implications for the auto industry, society and the environment. “We can’t carry on with diesel and petrol cars”, U.K. environment secretary Michael Gove told the BBC on Wednesday. “There is no alternative to embracing new technology”. Almost 2.7 million new cars were registered in the U.K. in 2016, making it the second biggest market in Europe after Germany.
Meeting the 2040 deadline will be a heavy lift. British demand for electric and fuel cell cars, as well as plug-in hybrids, grew 40% in 2015, but they only accounted for less than 3% of the market. Still, experts say sales of clean cars are likely to continue on their dramatic upward trajectory.
The car industry says that demand for electric vehicles will only reach a tipping point once they're cheaper to own than conventional vehicles.
The deadline was announced by the government on Wednesday as part of a plan to reduce air pollution. The blueprint highlighted roughly £1.4 billion in government investment designed to help ensure that every vehicle on the road in Britain produces zero emissions by 2050.
Gove said action was needed because gasoline and diesel engines contribute to health problems, “accelerate climate change, do damage to the planet and the next generation”. Roughly 40,000 deaths in Britain each year are attributable to outdoor air pollution, according to a study published last year by the Royal College of Physicians. Dirty air has been linked to cancer, asthma, stroke and heart disease, among other health issues.
The problem is especially pronounced in big cities. London surpassed the European Union’s annual limit for nitrogen dioxide exposure just five days into the new year, according to King’s College. The university estimates that air pollution is responsible for 9,400 premature deaths in the city every year.
The timeline for ending sales of internal combustion engines mirrors one proposed in early July by France. President Emmanuel Macron has given the auto industry the same deadline to make the switch to cleaner tech.
“We are quite rightly in a position of global leadership when it comes to shaping new technology”, Gove said. But the auto industry, which supports over 800,000 jobs in the U.K., is wary of hard deadlines.
Other countries have been even more ambitious than the U.K. India is planning to stop selling gas-powered vehicles by 2030.
The German car industry and government officials will meet in early August to discuss the future of diesel engine technology. Manufacturers are trying to avoid diesel cars being banned from German towns and cities.
(Disponível:http://money.cnn.com/2017/07/26/news/uk-bans-gasoline-diesel-engines-2040/index.html>
Gabarito comentado
Gabarito: A
Análise sobre o tema central:
O texto apresenta como ideia principal o anúncio do governo do Reino Unido de banir a venda de carros movidos a gasolina e diesel a partir de 2040. A medida faz parte de um plano para combater a poluição do ar e estimular tecnologias de baixa emissão. Esse foco aparece já no título do texto e se repete nas primeiras linhas e ao longo do desenvolvimento, sendo reforçado por exemplos de como a sociedade, a indústria automobilística e o meio ambiente serão afetados.
Conceito teórico:
Para resolver questões de “ideia principal”, recomenda-se utilizar estratégias como skimming (leitura rápida para captar o sentido geral) e a identificação de palavras-chave (ex: ban, sales, internal combustion engine, air pollution).
Justificativa da alternativa correta:
A alternativa A (“The plan to ban the sales of internal combustion engine cars in Britain”) expressa com precisão o assunto central: a decisão britânica de proibir a venda de carros a combustão interna. O restante do texto explora as consequências e reações a esse plano, mas tudo gira em torno dessa medida.
Análise das alternativas incorretas:
B: Fala em banimento de vendas de carros elétricos na França, Alemanha e Índia. Entretanto, o texto cita esses países apenas para mencionar planos semelhantes de eliminar carros movidos a combustíveis fósseis, não elétricos.
C: O texto menciona problemas de saúde causados pela poluição, inclusive dados de médicos, mas isso não é mais central que a decisão governamental.
D: Não há no texto preocupação do governo britânico com redução de vendas de carros — o foco é ambiental, não econômico.
E: A preocupação da indústria aparece de forma secundária, ligada ao desafio de adaptação, não à queda de vendas.
Estratégia para provas:
Mantenha o foco naquilo que é recorrente no texto; títulos e parágrafos iniciais geralmente contêm a ideia principal. Evite ser levado por informações secundárias ou exemplos, que aparecem para detalhar ou justificar o tema central.
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