Leaders of the world
Text2
Emergency Oceans Rescue Plan
Our oceans give us life – they provide us with oxygen and
food, and they contain over 80% of all life on Earth. In
exchange, we plunder them of fish, choke them with
pollution and heat them with climate change. As a result of
industrial fishing in the last 60 years, 90% of the oceans’
large predatory fish, such as tuna, swordfish, marlin and
sharks, have been taken from our oceans. We are only
beginning to understand the full extent of the impacts our
actions have. As climate change causes sea ice in our polar
oceans to melt and air pollution increases the acidity of our
oceans, the degradation of our oceans is gathering pace.
However, our ocean crisis can - and must - be reversed by
setting aside areas of oceans as marine reserves, areas offlimits to fishing and other industrial activities, like wildlife
parks at sea. In 2006, Greenpeace presented a bold vision
for the world community - a proposal for a global network of
marine reserves covering 40% of the oceans. Since then,
world leaders have failed to make significant progress,
despite international commitments under the World Summit
on Sustainable Development (WSSD) and the Convention
on Biological Diversity (CBD), to create this network by
2012. The condition of our oceans has continued to worsen;
today less than 1% of them are protected as marine
reserves.
Adaptado de: http://www.greenpeace.org/international/PageFiles/163940/Emerge
ncy%20Oceans%20Rescue%20Plan%20-
20Executive%20Summary .pdf> Acessado em 7 de novembro
de2010
Answer the follow question based on Text 2.
Text2
Emergency Oceans Rescue Plan
Our oceans give us life – they provide us with oxygen and food, and they contain over 80% of all life on Earth. In exchange, we plunder them of fish, choke them with pollution and heat them with climate change. As a result of industrial fishing in the last 60 years, 90% of the oceans’ large predatory fish, such as tuna, swordfish, marlin and sharks, have been taken from our oceans. We are only beginning to understand the full extent of the impacts our actions have. As climate change causes sea ice in our polar oceans to melt and air pollution increases the acidity of our oceans, the degradation of our oceans is gathering pace.
However, our ocean crisis can - and must - be reversed by setting aside areas of oceans as marine reserves, areas offlimits to fishing and other industrial activities, like wildlife parks at sea. In 2006, Greenpeace presented a bold vision for the world community - a proposal for a global network of marine reserves covering 40% of the oceans. Since then, world leaders have failed to make significant progress, despite international commitments under the World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD) and the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), to create this network by 2012. The condition of our oceans has continued to worsen; today less than 1% of them are protected as marine reserves.
Adaptado de: http://www.greenpeace.org/international/PageFiles/163940/Emerge ncy%20Oceans%20Rescue%20Plan%20- 20Executive%20Summary .pdf> Acessado em 7 de novembro de2010
Answer the follow question based on Text 2.
Gabarito comentado
Resposta: Alternativa D — have done virtually nothing to turn the marine reserves into reality
Tema central: leitura crítica e interpretação — identificar a informação explícita do texto sobre a atuação dos líderes mundiais frente à proposta de reservas marinhas.
Resumo teórico rápido: em questões de reading comprehension, priorize (1) a ideia principal do parágrafo; (2) palavras de contraste (ex.: however, since then, despite); (3) dados numéricos e avaliações explícitas do autor. Essas pistas permitem diferenciar afirmações factuais, opiniões e conclusões.
Justificativa da alternativa correta (D): o texto afirma de forma clara que, desde a proposta de 2006, “world leaders have failed to make significant progress” e que hoje “less than 1%” dos oceanos são protegidos. Essas frases indicam inequivocamente ação insuficiente por parte dos líderes — ou seja, praticamente nada foi feito para concretizar a rede de reservas marinhas. Portanto, “have done virtually nothing” representa com precisão a ideia apresentada.
Análise das alternativas incorretas:
A — “have done all they can”: incorreta. Contradiz o texto, que diz explicitamente que falhou em avançar e que menos de 1% está protegido.
B — “would do more if they got attainable proposals”: incorreta. O texto não afirma que a falta de ação se deve à ausência de propostas exequíveis; menciona uma proposta (Greenpeace, 2006) que não foi implementada.
C — “are worried but have not been presented ideas”: incorreta. O texto indica que houve uma proposta formal e internacional (2006) — o problema foi a falta de progresso, não ausência de ideias.
E — “are waiting for Greenpeace to take the first step”: incorreta. O texto mostra que Greenpeace já apresentou a proposta; a responsabilidade pela implementação cabe a líderes e acordos internacionais (WSSD, CBD), não a aguardar ações adicionais do ONG.
Estratégias práticas para gabaritar questões assim:
- Procure por expressões de avaliação (“have failed”, “less than 1%”) — são fortes indicadores da conclusão correta.
- Compare literalmente o sentido da alternativa com a afirmação do texto; cuidado com alternativas que inferem motivos não mencionados.
- Desconfie de respostas que minimizam ou exageram o teor do texto (sempre busque equivalência sem acrescentar suposições).
Fontes relevantes citadas no texto: propostas de organizações ambientais (Greenpeace) e compromissos internacionais como a Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) e o World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD), que aparecem como contexto da crítica à falta de progresso.
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