The creation of marine reserves would
Text2
Emergency Oceans Rescue Plan
Our oceans give us life – they provide us with oxygen and
food, and they contain over 80% of all life on Earth. In
exchange, we plunder them of fish, choke them with
pollution and heat them with climate change. As a result of
industrial fishing in the last 60 years, 90% of the oceans’
large predatory fish, such as tuna, swordfish, marlin and
sharks, have been taken from our oceans. We are only
beginning to understand the full extent of the impacts our
actions have. As climate change causes sea ice in our polar
oceans to melt and air pollution increases the acidity of our
oceans, the degradation of our oceans is gathering pace.
However, our ocean crisis can - and must - be reversed by
setting aside areas of oceans as marine reserves, areas offlimits to fishing and other industrial activities, like wildlife
parks at sea. In 2006, Greenpeace presented a bold vision
for the world community - a proposal for a global network of
marine reserves covering 40% of the oceans. Since then,
world leaders have failed to make significant progress,
despite international commitments under the World Summit
on Sustainable Development (WSSD) and the Convention
on Biological Diversity (CBD), to create this network by
2012. The condition of our oceans has continued to worsen;
today less than 1% of them are protected as marine
reserves.
Adaptado de: http://www.greenpeace.org/international/PageFiles/163940/Emerge
ncy%20Oceans%20Rescue%20Plan%20-
20Executive%20Summary .pdf> Acessado em 7 de novembro
de2010
Answer the follow question based on Text 2.
Text2
Emergency Oceans Rescue Plan
Our oceans give us life – they provide us with oxygen and food, and they contain over 80% of all life on Earth. In exchange, we plunder them of fish, choke them with pollution and heat them with climate change. As a result of industrial fishing in the last 60 years, 90% of the oceans’ large predatory fish, such as tuna, swordfish, marlin and sharks, have been taken from our oceans. We are only beginning to understand the full extent of the impacts our actions have. As climate change causes sea ice in our polar oceans to melt and air pollution increases the acidity of our oceans, the degradation of our oceans is gathering pace.
However, our ocean crisis can - and must - be reversed by setting aside areas of oceans as marine reserves, areas offlimits to fishing and other industrial activities, like wildlife parks at sea. In 2006, Greenpeace presented a bold vision for the world community - a proposal for a global network of marine reserves covering 40% of the oceans. Since then, world leaders have failed to make significant progress, despite international commitments under the World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD) and the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), to create this network by 2012. The condition of our oceans has continued to worsen; today less than 1% of them are protected as marine reserves.
Adaptado de: http://www.greenpeace.org/international/PageFiles/163940/Emerge ncy%20Oceans%20Rescue%20Plan%20- 20Executive%20Summary .pdf> Acessado em 7 de novembro de2010
Answer the follow question based on Text 2.
Gabarito comentado
Alternativa correta: A
Tema central: compreensão de ideia principal e inferência. A questão exige entender o efeito proposto pelo texto sobre reservas marinhas — ou seja, interpretar a afirmação de que a crise oceânica "pode — e deve — ser revertida" ao criar áreas protegidas.
Resumo teórico rápido: em reading comprehension, procure o ponto de vista do autor e os marcadores modais (can, must, may). Frases com "can" indicam possibilidade; com "must", obrigação. Não confunda possibilidade com certeza absoluta. (Fonte: técnicas de interpretação de textos e guidelines de prova).
Justificativa da alternativa A: A alternativa diz que a criação de reservas "be able to turn things around and make oceans lively again" — isso corresponde ao argumento central do texto: reservas marinhas podem reverter a crise e recuperar a vida marinha. A resposta reflete corretamente a ideia de POSSIBILIDADE de recuperação apresentada pelo autor.
Análise das alternativas incorretas:
B — Erro por excesso: afirma que reservas seriam solução para todos os problemas dos oceanos. O texto fala em reversão da crise e proteção, não em resolução total e absoluta de todas as causas (poluição, aquecimento, acidificação).
C — Contradição: sugere que reservas melhorariam os oceanos mas destruiriam a indústria pesqueira. O texto propõe áreas protegidas como medidas de recuperação, não afirma que comprometem de forma total a pesca; além disso, conservação sustentável pode beneficiar estoques a longo prazo.
D — Impossível inferir: diz que reservas eliminariam a crise E aumentariam lucros industriais — isso não está no texto. Não há suporte para o efeito econômico positivo generalizado às indústrias.
E — Oposto do texto: afirma que atividades industriais aconteceriam em parques marinhos; na verdade, o texto define reservas como áreas off-limits a pesca e atividades industriais.
Dica de prova: foque em verbos modais e qualificadores (can, must, today less than 1%). Evite respostas absolutas que extrapolem o texto.
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