From what is said, one can infer that
From what is said, one can infer that
Text2
Emergency Oceans Rescue Plan
Our oceans give us life – they provide us with oxygen and
food, and they contain over 80% of all life on Earth. In
exchange, we plunder them of fish, choke them with
pollution and heat them with climate change. As a result of
industrial fishing in the last 60 years, 90% of the oceans’
large predatory fish, such as tuna, swordfish, marlin and
sharks, have been taken from our oceans. We are only
beginning to understand the full extent of the impacts our
actions have. As climate change causes sea ice in our polar
oceans to melt and air pollution increases the acidity of our
oceans, the degradation of our oceans is gathering pace.
However, our ocean crisis can - and must - be reversed by
setting aside areas of oceans as marine reserves, areas offlimits to fishing and other industrial activities, like wildlife
parks at sea. In 2006, Greenpeace presented a bold vision
for the world community - a proposal for a global network of
marine reserves covering 40% of the oceans. Since then,
world leaders have failed to make significant progress,
despite international commitments under the World Summit
on Sustainable Development (WSSD) and the Convention
on Biological Diversity (CBD), to create this network by
2012. The condition of our oceans has continued to worsen;
today less than 1% of them are protected as marine
reserves.
Adaptado de: http://www.greenpeace.org/international/PageFiles/163940/Emerge
ncy%20Oceans%20Rescue%20Plan%20-
20Executive%20Summary .pdf> Acessado em 7 de novembro
de2010
Answer the follow question based on Text 2.
Text2
Emergency Oceans Rescue Plan
Our oceans give us life – they provide us with oxygen and food, and they contain over 80% of all life on Earth. In exchange, we plunder them of fish, choke them with pollution and heat them with climate change. As a result of industrial fishing in the last 60 years, 90% of the oceans’ large predatory fish, such as tuna, swordfish, marlin and sharks, have been taken from our oceans. We are only beginning to understand the full extent of the impacts our actions have. As climate change causes sea ice in our polar oceans to melt and air pollution increases the acidity of our oceans, the degradation of our oceans is gathering pace.
However, our ocean crisis can - and must - be reversed by setting aside areas of oceans as marine reserves, areas offlimits to fishing and other industrial activities, like wildlife parks at sea. In 2006, Greenpeace presented a bold vision for the world community - a proposal for a global network of marine reserves covering 40% of the oceans. Since then, world leaders have failed to make significant progress, despite international commitments under the World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD) and the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), to create this network by 2012. The condition of our oceans has continued to worsen; today less than 1% of them are protected as marine reserves.
Adaptado de: http://www.greenpeace.org/international/PageFiles/163940/Emerge ncy%20Oceans%20Rescue%20Plan%20- 20Executive%20Summary .pdf> Acessado em 7 de novembro de2010
Answer the follow question based on Text 2.
Gabarito comentado
Resposta correta: C
Tema central: interpretação de texto — inferência do sentido global. A questão pede que o leitor extraia uma conclusão suportada pelo texto (expressão “From what is said, one can infer that”). Para resolver, identifique afirmações-chave e escolha a alternativa coerente com elas.
Resumo teórico rápido: inferência exige escolher a opção que melhor sintetiza a ideia principal expressa — não algo contraditório nem inventado. Procure declarações explícitas (ex.: “they contain over 80% of all life on Earth”) e use-as como base.
Justificativa da alternativa correta: C — the oceans account for most life in this planet. O texto afirma de forma direta que os oceanos “contain over 80% of all life on Earth”. Logo, é legítimo inferir que a maior parte da vida do planeta está nos oceanos. Fonte do conteúdo citado: Greenpeace, Emergency Oceans Rescue Plan (texto de apoio); dados sobre biodiversidade marinha também são corroborados por órgãos como a NOAA e a UNESCO.
Análise das alternativas incorretas:
A — “as for life in our planet, the oceans play no role.” Está em total contradição com a afirmação explícita do texto; elimina-se imediatamente.
B — “life exists mainly on land and little in the oceans.” Contradiz o dado “over 80% of all life”; portanto, incorreta.
D — “oxygen comes solely from the trees on land.” É uma generalização falsa. O texto diz que oceans “provide us with oxygen and food”; além disso, cientificamente, grande parte do oxigênio é produzido por organismos marinhos (fitoplâncton).
E — “man’s activities cause no harm to the oceans.” O texto relata exatamente o oposto (pesca industrial, poluição, acidificação), logo falsa.
Estratégias úteis para provas: elimine alternativas que contradizem afirmações textuais; desconfie de absolutos (“solely”, “no role”); busque palavras-chave no enunciado que conectem com sentenças do texto.
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