What’s a synonym for “naked” in Text ?
Text
A French art expert believes a charcoal drawing kept in a collection for more than 150 years may be a preparatory sketch
made by Leonardo da Vinci of the Mona Lisa.
The black-and-white drawing of a woman, nude from the waist up, known as the Monna Vanna, was previously attributed to
Leonardo’s studio, suggesting it was done in his style by a pupil or follower, not by the master himself.
But after preliminary tests at the Louvre Museum, experts believe the sketch may well have been drawn by Leonardo.
Among the signs, according to curator Mathieu Deldicque, are the fact the drawing was made during the same period as the
Mona Lisa, the paper is from the same region of Italy, and the technique is very similar to that of the Mona Lisa.
“We know the drawing was made during the lifetime of Leonardo da Vinci, we know that the paper was made in Italy,
between Venice and Florence, and the third discovery is the high quality of this drawing in the face of the Monna Vanna and
in her arms,” Deldicque told reporters.
“That’s very interesting because the arms are the same as the Mona Lisa‘s.”
Leonardo, who lived from 1452 to 1519, was an engineer, scientist, inventor and sculptor, as well as one of the finest artists
of the Italian Renaissance.
He painted the Mona Lisa, also known as La Gioconda and regarded as the world’s most valuable artwork, at the beginning
of the 16th century. It is believed to depict Lisa Gherardini, the wife of a successful merchant.
EXCITING
The charcoal portrait, in which the woman is holding a similar pose to the Mona Lisa but with her body more side-on and her
head turned further over her left shoulder, has been held in a collection at the Conde Museum at the Palace of Chantilly,
north of Paris, since 1862.
The Mona Lisa and Monna Vanna hold their hands in very similar ways, the right hand across the left and resting on the
forearm, the fingers gently extended.
Deldicque said that while it was exciting to think the charcoal drawing was created by Leonardo, there were more tests to be
done.
“We have one more month of analysis and then a very slow process of history of art with a collection of analysts and advice
by specialists,” he said.
It is possible that process will determine that the authorship is the same. But it may also be inconclusive, he said, adding:
“Maybe the mystery will remain.”
(Source: adapted from http://www.reuters.com/article/us-france-monalisa-sketch/is-16th-century-charcoal-sketch-a-naked-mona-lisa-idUSKCN1C42LD, retrieved on October 1, 2017)
Text
A French art expert believes a charcoal drawing kept in a collection for more than 150 years may be a preparatory sketch made by Leonardo da Vinci of the Mona Lisa.
The black-and-white drawing of a woman, nude from the waist up, known as the Monna Vanna, was previously attributed to Leonardo’s studio, suggesting it was done in his style by a pupil or follower, not by the master himself.
But after preliminary tests at the Louvre Museum, experts believe the sketch may well have been drawn by Leonardo.
Among the signs, according to curator Mathieu Deldicque, are the fact the drawing was made during the same period as the Mona Lisa, the paper is from the same region of Italy, and the technique is very similar to that of the Mona Lisa.
“We know the drawing was made during the lifetime of Leonardo da Vinci, we know that the paper was made in Italy, between Venice and Florence, and the third discovery is the high quality of this drawing in the face of the Monna Vanna and in her arms,” Deldicque told reporters.
“That’s very interesting because the arms are the same as the Mona Lisa‘s.”
Leonardo, who lived from 1452 to 1519, was an engineer, scientist, inventor and sculptor, as well as one of the finest artists of the Italian Renaissance.
He painted the Mona Lisa, also known as La Gioconda and regarded as the world’s most valuable artwork, at the beginning of the 16th century. It is believed to depict Lisa Gherardini, the wife of a successful merchant.
EXCITING
The charcoal portrait, in which the woman is holding a similar pose to the Mona Lisa but with her body more side-on and her head turned further over her left shoulder, has been held in a collection at the Conde Museum at the Palace of Chantilly, north of Paris, since 1862.
The Mona Lisa and Monna Vanna hold their hands in very similar ways, the right hand across the left and resting on the forearm, the fingers gently extended.
Deldicque said that while it was exciting to think the charcoal drawing was created by Leonardo, there were more tests to be done.
“We have one more month of analysis and then a very slow process of history of art with a collection of analysts and advice by specialists,” he said.
It is possible that process will determine that the authorship is the same. But it may also be inconclusive, he said, adding:
“Maybe the mystery will remain.”
(Source: adapted from http://www.reuters.com/article/us-france-monalisa-sketch/is-16th-century-charcoal-sketch-a-naked-mona-lisa-idUSKCN1C42LD, retrieved on October 1, 2017)
Gabarito comentado
Tema central da questão: A questão exige interpretação de texto e vocabulário de sinônimos em inglês. O aluno precisa identificar um termo no texto ("naked") e apontar seu sinônimo mais adequado entre as alternativas apresentadas.
Conceito envolvido: Em inglês, "naked" e "nude" são ambos usados para descrever alguém que está sem roupas. Em especial, o termo "nude" aparece muito em contextos artísticos, como obras de arte e desenhos, exatamente como referido no texto da questão.
Justificativa da alternativa correta:
Alternativa A) nude: É a escolha correta. O texto diz “a woman, nude from the waist up”, onde “nude” e “naked” possuem o mesmo significado, reforçando que ambos indicam alguém que está sem vestimentas. De acordo com dicionários de referência, como Oxford e Cambridge, "nude" é sinônimo exato de "naked" e é comum em descrições artísticas.
Análise das alternativas incorretas:
- B) charcoal: Significa "carvão", referindo-se ao material usado para desenhar, não tem relação com ausência de roupas.
- C) sketch: Significa "esboço" ou "desenho". Refere-se à técnica ou resultado de desenhar, e não à descrição física da pessoa ou modelo.
- D) pupil: Significa "aluno" ou "pupila" (do olho). Não tem relação semântica com “naked”.
Estratégias de interpretação:
Observe que todas as alternativas estão presentes no texto, mas só “nude” partilha o mesmo campo semântico de “naked”. Para não cair em pegadinhas, o aluno deve analisar o contexto imediato das palavras e evitar associações apenas por familiaridade ou repetição de termos do texto.
Dica: Em questões sobre sinônimos, atente para o contexto de uso no texto, pois muitos termos em inglês mudam de significado conforme o contexto em que aparecem.
Conclusão: A resposta correta é A) nude, pois é sinônimo direto de "naked". As outras opções têm sentidos totalmente distintos e não se encaixam na pergunta.
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