All of the following are synonyms of perilous except for
Read the text below and answer the following question.
Can Cellular Agriculture Feed the World?
Within 20 years, there will be 2 billion more people than
today — over 9 billion people in total. The impact to the
environment could be severe. Just feeding that population
using current methods is problematic.
On average, cattle ranchers need 100 times more land than
corn growers to produce a gram of food. So, if that hungry
world continues to eat meat like we do, the demand for land
— and fresh water — will be alarming, not to mention the
environmental impact of raising so many animals. Meat
production aside, the large-scale monoculture of crops like
corn usually results in damaging terrestrial pollution from
pesticides and soil depletion. The impact to the oceans is
equally perilous.
Instead of farming animals, fish and plants, cellular
agriculture grows the proteins and nutrients we consume
from a culture, cell by cell. With this alternative approach,
the consumable meat and plant tissues produced don’t need
to be harvested from animals or plants. It’s food production
on an industrial scale.
The technology to do this is not new. Growing meat from a
scaffold embedded in growth culture is no different in theory
than making bread from yeast. The vast majority of insulin
for diabetics is already manufactured by genetically
engineered bacteria, as is the rennet used to culture
cheese. In the past 10 years, this approach has been
pioneered with a variety of foodstuffs: milk, eggs, beef,
chicken, fish — even coffee.
To succeed, cellular agriculture must overcome 6,000 years
of established dependence on traditional agriculture, and it
has to do so via one of the most finicky human senses:
taste. No one will eat manufactured meat or fish if it doesn’t
have the same sensual satisfaction generated by the grown
version. So, in addition to all the technical challenges in
creating edible tissues from cultures, the startups pioneering
this approach are working diligently to make their products
tasty.
The possibilities for cellular agriculture are seemingly
limitless; it may be possible to grow human organs for
transplant using the method. But it is still early days.
Adaptado de: <https://earth911.com/business-policy/cellular-agriculture/> Acessado em 19 de outubro de 2018.
Read the text below and answer the following question.
Can Cellular Agriculture Feed the World?
Within 20 years, there will be 2 billion more people than today — over 9 billion people in total. The impact to the environment could be severe. Just feeding that population using current methods is problematic.
On average, cattle ranchers need 100 times more land than corn growers to produce a gram of food. So, if that hungry world continues to eat meat like we do, the demand for land — and fresh water — will be alarming, not to mention the environmental impact of raising so many animals. Meat production aside, the large-scale monoculture of crops like corn usually results in damaging terrestrial pollution from pesticides and soil depletion. The impact to the oceans is equally perilous.
Instead of farming animals, fish and plants, cellular agriculture grows the proteins and nutrients we consume from a culture, cell by cell. With this alternative approach, the consumable meat and plant tissues produced don’t need to be harvested from animals or plants. It’s food production on an industrial scale.
The technology to do this is not new. Growing meat from a scaffold embedded in growth culture is no different in theory than making bread from yeast. The vast majority of insulin for diabetics is already manufactured by genetically engineered bacteria, as is the rennet used to culture cheese. In the past 10 years, this approach has been pioneered with a variety of foodstuffs: milk, eggs, beef, chicken, fish — even coffee.
To succeed, cellular agriculture must overcome 6,000 years of established dependence on traditional agriculture, and it has to do so via one of the most finicky human senses: taste. No one will eat manufactured meat or fish if it doesn’t have the same sensual satisfaction generated by the grown version. So, in addition to all the technical challenges in creating edible tissues from cultures, the startups pioneering this approach are working diligently to make their products tasty.
The possibilities for cellular agriculture are seemingly limitless; it may be possible to grow human organs for transplant using the method. But it is still early days.
Adaptado de: <https://earth911.com/business-policy/cellular-agriculture/>
Gabarito comentado
Tema central: A questão aborda sinônimos (synonyms) em Inglês, cobrando a habilidade de identificar palavras de sentido próximo em um contexto real de aplicação, habilidade frequente em provas de Vestibular.
Explicação teórica: “Perilous” significa “perigoso”, “arriscado”, algo que oferece ameaça ou perigo. Sinônimos são fundamentais para ampliar a compreensão leitora, pois autores podem variar o vocabulário sem mudar o sentido principal de um texto.
Segundo Merriam-Webster e Cambridge Dictionary, “perilous” = extremamente perigoso. Reconhecer sinônimos ajuda a interpretar textos e evitar pegadinhas com palavras semelhantes ou antônimas.
Análise das alternativas:
- A) safe: Antônimo de “perilous”. Significa “seguro”, ou seja, o oposto de perigoso. Esta é a resposta correta.
- B) dangerous: Mesma ideia de “perilous”, ambos indicando perigo. (sinônimo)
- C) risky: Refere-se a algo que implica risco, próximo de perigoso. (sinônimo)
- D) hazardous: Relacionado a perigo ou risco à saúde/segurança. (sinônimo)
- E) treacherous: Apesar de também significar “perigoso” ou “traiçoeiro”, é frequentemente listado como sinônimo de “perilous”.
Solução e raciocínio: O enunciado pede a exceção, ou seja, a palavra que não é sinônimo. Identifique palavras que expressam perigo (dangerous, risky, hazardous, treacherous) e encontre o termo oposto (safe). Atenção: a prova pode confundir usando sinônimos menos diretos ou antônimos disfarçados.
Orientação geral para provas: Sempre busque entender o sentido principal das palavras no texto, relacione com a frase/palavra destacada, e cuidado especial com palavras de sentido contrário. Anote sinônimos e antônimos mais comuns durante os estudos, pois caem frequentemente!
Gabarito: A) safe
Gostou do comentário? Deixe sua avaliação aqui embaixo!
