Read the following text to answer question.
The nature of intelligence
For many years, scientists (1) ___________ define the nature of human intelligence.
However, they (2) ___________unable to agree on whether there is one kind of
intelligence, or several kinds. In the early 20th century, psychologist Charles
Spearman came up with the concept of 'g' or 'general intelligence'. He (3)
___________ subjects a variety of different tests and (4) ___________ that the people
who performed well in the tests used one part of the brain, which he called 'g', for all
the tests. More recently, research (5)___________ that this idea may well be true, as
one part of the brain (the lateral prefrontal cortex) shows increased blood flow during
testing. However, some scientists believe that intelligence is a matter of how much
people (6) ___________rather than some ability they are born with. They believe that
environment also matters.
VINCE, M. Macmillan English grammar in context. Macmillan, London. 2008. p. 22. Adapted.
Check the alternative that shows the sequence of words that CORRECTLY fill in the spaces (1-6).
Read the following text to answer question.
The nature of intelligence
For many years, scientists (1) ___________ define the nature of human intelligence.
However, they (2) ___________unable to agree on whether there is one kind of
intelligence, or several kinds. In the early 20th century, psychologist Charles
Spearman came up with the concept of 'g' or 'general intelligence'. He (3)
___________ subjects a variety of different tests and (4) ___________ that the people
who performed well in the tests used one part of the brain, which he called 'g', for all
the tests. More recently, research (5)___________ that this idea may well be true, as
one part of the brain (the lateral prefrontal cortex) shows increased blood flow during
testing. However, some scientists believe that intelligence is a matter of how much
people (6) ___________rather than some ability they are born with. They believe that
environment also matters.
VINCE, M. Macmillan English grammar in context. Macmillan, London. 2008. p. 22. Adapted.
Check the alternative that shows the sequence of words that CORRECTLY fill in the spaces (1-6).
Gabarito comentado
Resposta correta: B
Tema central: escolha de tempos verbais adequados (present perfect / present perfect continuous / simple past) conforme marcadores temporais e coerência narrativa.
Resumo teórico essencial: "For many years" pede ação contínua com repercussão no presente → present perfect continuous: have been trying. A referência a início do século XX determina relato no passado simples → gave / found. "More recently" liga evento passado recente à situação atual → present perfect: has found. Para falar de aquisição ao longo da vida usamos present perfect: have learned. (Fonte: Macmillan English Grammar in Context; Cambridge Grammar principles.)
Justificativa da alternativa B: (1) have been trying — "For many years" + ênfase em ação contínua. (2) have been — estado contínuo/resultado até agora (they have been unable). (3) gave e (4) found — relato histórico (early 20th century) pede past simple. (5) has found — pesquisa recente com relevância atual → present perfect. (6) have learned — competência acumulada ao longo do tempo → present perfect.
Análise das alternativas incorretas (resumo): A — (1) tried simples não expressa continuidade; (2) were indica passado fechado. C — uso excessivo de past perfect (had given/found/learned) sem referência a um passado anterior a outro passado. D — (1) has been trying erro de concordância (scientists = plural); mistura inadequada de tempos. E — combinações inconsistentes (por ex. (1) tried vs expressão "for many years"; (4) has found com relato histórico).
Dica prática: identifique marcadores temporais (“for many years”, “in the early 20th century”, “more recently”) e aplique: present perfect / continuous para ações com ligação ao presente; simple past para eventos históricos. Isso ajuda a eliminar alternativas.
Gostou do comentário? Deixe sua avaliação aqui embaixo!
