Questão 9867bdad-e0
Prova:FAG 2013
Disciplina:Inglês
Assunto:Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension
The pronoun THEY in “If they don't benefit from the fruits of the digital revolution they will fall far
behind” (fifth paragraph) refers to:
The pronoun THEY in “If they don't benefit from the fruits of the digital revolution they will fall far
behind” (fifth paragraph) refers to:
Call for more help for poorest farmers
The founder of Microsoft, Bill Gates has said that the international community's efforts to fight hunger and poverty are
inefficient and outdated. He said advances made by the digital revolution needed to be harnessed to help the world's
poorest farmers more effectively.
Mr Gates said more needs to be done to support poor farmers in South Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa and elsewhere. He
said there was a lack of coordination between governments, aid donors and the UN's agencies, like the World Food
Programme. Mr Gates called for the setting up of what he called a “public score card” system.
This would make it easier to tell how well, or how badly, different countries and agencies were performing in the fight to
reduce poverty.
He said the effort to help small farmers also needs to harness the power of advances made in digital technology. In an
age when satellites can tell instantly exactly how much wheat is in a field, he said, it was a shame that people were still
being sent out with pen, paper and tape measures to try to do the same job.
Mr Gates said that the stakes couldn't be higher for the families of poor farmers. If they don't benefit from the fruits of
the digital revolution they will fall far behind. But Mr Gates believes that if they can be connected to some of the latest
breakthroughs in science they will have a chance to leapfrog foward.
(Adapted from:www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/language/wordsinthenews) 27th February 2012
Call for more help for poorest farmers
The founder of Microsoft, Bill Gates has said that the international community's efforts to fight hunger and poverty are
inefficient and outdated. He said advances made by the digital revolution needed to be harnessed to help the world's
poorest farmers more effectively.
Mr Gates said more needs to be done to support poor farmers in South Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa and elsewhere. He
said there was a lack of coordination between governments, aid donors and the UN's agencies, like the World Food
Programme. Mr Gates called for the setting up of what he called a “public score card” system.
This would make it easier to tell how well, or how badly, different countries and agencies were performing in the fight to
reduce poverty.
He said the effort to help small farmers also needs to harness the power of advances made in digital technology. In an
age when satellites can tell instantly exactly how much wheat is in a field, he said, it was a shame that people were still
being sent out with pen, paper and tape measures to try to do the same job.
Mr Gates said that the stakes couldn't be higher for the families of poor farmers. If they don't benefit from the fruits of
the digital revolution they will fall far behind. But Mr Gates believes that if they can be connected to some of the latest
breakthroughs in science they will have a chance to leapfrog foward.
(Adapted from:www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/language/wordsinthenews) 27th February 2012
A
the stakes.
B
the latest breakthroughs.
C
the families of poor farmers.
D
the fruits of the digital revolution.
E
different countries and agencies.
Gabarito comentado
B
Bruno LimaMonitor com apoio de IA
Gabarito: C
Fundamento decisivo: O critério decisivo é a coesão referencial no próprio enunciado: no trecho "Mr Gates said that the stakes couldn't be higher for the families of poor farmers. If they don't benefit from the fruits of the digital revolution they will fall far behind", o pronome "they" retoma o referente plural humano semanticamente compatível mais pertinente no contexto imediato, isto é, "the families of poor farmers".
Tema central: referência pronominal
Análise das alternativas
A
Errada
"The stakes" não pode ser o antecedente de "they" porque, embora seja plural, não é semanticamente compatível com a ideia de receber benefício ou sofrer a consequência de ficar para trás. No texto, "the stakes" expressa a gravidade da situação, não os sujeitos afetados por ela.
B
Errada
"The latest breakthroughs" está ligado ao que pode ajudar os agricultores pobres, não ao grupo que poderia deixar de se beneficiar e, por isso, ficar para trás. Além disso, esse termo aparece depois no parágrafo, sem coerência referencial para funcionar como antecedente de "they" no trecho perguntado.
C
Certa
A alternativa C está correta porque "the families of poor farmers" é o antecedente plural humano introduzido imediatamente antes do pronome e é o único termo que mantém coerência com a frase seguinte: são essas famílias que podem "benefit from the fruits of the digital revolution" e, se isso não ocorrer, "fall far behind". Há compatibilidade de número, sentido e continuidade temática.
D
Errada
"The fruits of the digital revolution" é o complemento da expressão "benefit from"; é aquilo de que alguém se beneficia. Por isso, não pode ser o sujeito retomado por "they". Dizer que os próprios "fruits" não se beneficiariam e ficariam para trás é semanticamente inadequado.
E
Errada
"Different countries and agencies" pertence a parágrafo anterior, e não se sustenta como antecedente no contexto imediato do quinto parágrafo. O problema aqui é a quebra de continuidade referencial, pois o pronome retoma "the families of poor farmers".
Pegadinha da questão
A banca explora a tendência de associar "they" ao plural mais chamativo ou mais próximo visualmente, sem verificar quem, no contexto imediato, pode de fato se beneficiar da revolução digital e ficar para trás.
Dica para questões semelhantes
- Localize primeiro o referente plural humano mais próximo no mesmo período ou na frase imediatamente anterior.
- Teste o suposto antecedente dentro do predicado: ele precisa fazer sentido com verbos como "benefit" e consequências como "fall far behind".
- Não confunda o sujeito retomado pelo pronome com o complemento da expressão verbal, como em "benefit from".
- Evite buscar antecedente em parágrafo anterior quando o texto já introduziu, no contexto local, um referente mais compatível.
