O texto como um todo indica que
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The Institute for Supply Management’s (ISM) manufacturing
index rose to 53.2 from 51.3 in January. A reading above 50
indicates expansion. Separate data showed construction spending
rose slightly in January, helped by residential construction.
Manufacturing and construction are key to the US economy
and there were fears that severe weather across many parts of
the US may have hurt the sectors. Bradley Holcomb, chair of
ISM’s survey committee, said that while several manufacturers
said severe weather was impacting their business, “other
comments reflect optimism in terms of demand and growth in
the near term”. Meanwhile, data released by the US Department
of Commerce, showed that construction spending rose 0.1% in
January, from December. Compared to the same month last year,
construction spending was up 9.3%.
However, the bad weather conditions impacted car sales
in February with General Motors, Toyota and Ford all posting
declines in their deliveries. But the drop in sales was less than
expected and manufacturers were upbeat about the prospects in
the coming months. “February auto sales emerged from a chill
in the second half of the month, positioning the industry for a
strong March,” said Bill Fay, general manager at Toyota, which
saw a fall in deliveries of 4% during the month. General Motors’
sales fell 1%, compared to analysts’ forecast of a 6% drop.
Chrysler and Nissan Motors beat the trend with sales increases
of 11% and 16% respectively.
Analysts said that overall car sales during the month had
been helped by incentives and discounts offered by dealers to
lure customers to showrooms in an attempt to cushion the impact
of the severe weather conditions. However, as weather conditions
improve, the discounts will reduce.
(www.bbc.com. Adaptado.)
Leia o texto para responder à questão.
The Institute for Supply Management’s (ISM) manufacturing index rose to 53.2 from 51.3 in January. A reading above 50 indicates expansion. Separate data showed construction spending rose slightly in January, helped by residential construction.
Manufacturing and construction are key to the US economy and there were fears that severe weather across many parts of the US may have hurt the sectors. Bradley Holcomb, chair of ISM’s survey committee, said that while several manufacturers said severe weather was impacting their business, “other comments reflect optimism in terms of demand and growth in the near term”. Meanwhile, data released by the US Department of Commerce, showed that construction spending rose 0.1% in January, from December. Compared to the same month last year, construction spending was up 9.3%.
However, the bad weather conditions impacted car sales in February with General Motors, Toyota and Ford all posting declines in their deliveries. But the drop in sales was less than expected and manufacturers were upbeat about the prospects in the coming months. “February auto sales emerged from a chill in the second half of the month, positioning the industry for a strong March,” said Bill Fay, general manager at Toyota, which saw a fall in deliveries of 4% during the month. General Motors’ sales fell 1%, compared to analysts’ forecast of a 6% drop. Chrysler and Nissan Motors beat the trend with sales increases of 11% and 16% respectively.
Analysts said that overall car sales during the month had been helped by incentives and discounts offered by dealers to lure customers to showrooms in an attempt to cushion the impact of the severe weather conditions. However, as weather conditions improve, the discounts will reduce.
(www.bbc.com. Adaptado.)
Gabarito comentado
Gabarito Comentado – Inglês (Interpretação de Texto)
Tema central: A questão exige interpretação global do texto, destacando como a economia dos EUA está se comportando diante de condições climáticas adversas, com foco em manufatura, construção civil e venda de automóveis.
Estratégia de resolução: Utilizamos skimming para captar a ideia principal: crescimento econômico apesar do inverno rigoroso. O scanning localiza informações-chave como índices e percentuais que comprovam crescimento.
Justificativa da alternativa correta (C):
O texto mostra que, mesmo com inverno rigoroso, o índice ISM de manufatura subiu (de 51,3 para 53,2 – acima de 50 representa expansão), e os gastos com construção aumentaram 9,3% em comparação ao ano anterior. No setor automotivo, as quedas nas vendas foram menores que o previsto, e duas montadoras tiveram alta. Assim, os principais pilares econômicos analisados estão crescendo ou resilientes. Logo, “a atividade econômica nos Estados Unidos está em crescimento” é a alternativa correta.
Análise das alternativas incorretas:
A) Afirma que o inverno impede a construção civil, mas o texto demonstra um aumento nos gastos com construção.
B) Supõe que o índice ISM não inclui a indústria automobilística, porém o texto não detalha a composição do índice, tornando a opção inválida.
D) Garante que construções residenciais superam as industriais, mas não há comparação explícita entre esses dados.
E) Diz que somente a produção de veículos foi principalmente afetada, porém o texto evidencia impactos menores que o esperado e até crescimento para algumas montadoras.
Pegadinhas presentes: Cuidado com generalizações (“impede”, “principalmente”) e dados não comparados. Atente-se também a palavras-chave de crescimento (“rose”, “expansion”, “upbeat”).
Resumo: Aplicando as estratégias de leitura, concluímos que a economia dos EUA está crescendo segundo os indicadores apresentados, validando a alternativa C.
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