The only alternative where all the phrases are in the PASSIVE VOICE is
Female Prisoners Post Sexy Pictures of Themselves on Social Network
ESTELITA HASS CARAZZAI
FROM CURITIBA
At least two detainees have taken pictures and published them on social networking sites from inside Guarapuava Public Jail, in the state of Paraná.
The pictures, taken on a phone, were found by prison guards and posted online last April.
The 30 year-old detainees are in jail after being accused of drug trafficking. Both are serving provisional sentences, and are yet to be convicted.
One has been in jail since April, and the other for a year.
Detainees are not granted possession of cell phones, and, due to this breach, they were awarded a disciplinary sanction and have since been prevented from receiving visits or food sent by family members for 30 days.
Additionally, this occurrence may prevent them from shortening their sentences if they are eventually convicted.
They appear posing in underwear on concrete beds in the female dormitory, which is decorated with animal print.
After the prison guards discovered the images, they inspected the room the two women shared and found the cell phone used to take the pictures.
“This unfortunately happens. Detainees can hide things very well”, the prison chief, Altemir Nascimento, said.
According to Nascimento, 40 cell phones have been seized so far this year in the prison (which also houses men).
CELL PHONE THROWING
The location of the prison in downtown Guarapuava makes matters worse.
According to the prison chief, during sunbathing, pedestrians toss cell
phones over the wall.
“Cell phones and drugs are thrown over the wall. This happens regularly.
On every sunny day two or three items are thrown”, Nascimento said.
At the beginning of the year, in order to bring the “deliveries” to a halt, the
prison chief decided to install a protective net over the patio. Since then
77 cell phones have been caught on the net.
http://www1.folha.uol.com.br/internacional/
FROM CURITIBA
The pictures, taken on a phone, were found by prison guards and posted online last April.
The 30 year-old detainees are in jail after being accused of drug trafficking. Both are serving provisional sentences, and are yet to be convicted.
One has been in jail since April, and the other for a year.
Detainees are not granted possession of cell phones, and, due to this breach, they were awarded a disciplinary sanction and have since been prevented from receiving visits or food sent by family members for 30 days.
Additionally, this occurrence may prevent them from shortening their sentences if they are eventually convicted.
They appear posing in underwear on concrete beds in the female dormitory, which is decorated with animal print.
After the prison guards discovered the images, they inspected the room the two women shared and found the cell phone used to take the pictures.
“This unfortunately happens. Detainees can hide things very well”, the prison chief, Altemir Nascimento, said.
According to Nascimento, 40 cell phones have been seized so far this year in the prison (which also houses men).
CELL PHONE THROWING
The location of the prison in downtown Guarapuava makes matters worse. According to the prison chief, during sunbathing, pedestrians toss cell phones over the wall.
“Cell phones and drugs are thrown over the wall. This happens regularly. On every sunny day two or three items are thrown”, Nascimento said.
At the beginning of the year, in order to bring the “deliveries” to a halt, the prison chief decided to install a protective net over the patio. Since then 77 cell phones have been caught on the net.
http://www1.folha.uol.com.br/internacional/
Gabarito comentado
Alternativa correta: D
Tema central: Voz ativa x voz passiva — é preciso reconhecer estruturas passivas (formas do verbo to be + particípio passado) e distinguir participles/gerúndios e usos de be como verbo de ligação.
Resumo teórico rápido: A voz passiva é formada quando o sujeito sofre a ação: be (no tempo adequado) + past participle. Exemplos: was written, have been found, is decorated. Atenção: be + particípio pode também ser apenas adjetivo (stative) ou verbo de ligação ("have been in jail" = estado), e gerúndios/infinitivos não necessariamente indicam voz passiva.
Por que D está correta: Todos os itens de D são formas passivas plenas:
- were awarded — past simple passive;
- have been seized — present perfect passive;
- is decorated — present simple passive (pode ser stative passive, mas ainda é voz passiva);
- are thrown — present simple passive.
Análise das incorretas (pegadinhas):
- A — "have been prevented" e "are not granted" são passivos, mas "have taken" é ativa (they have taken pictures). "after being" é apenas um particípio numa locução, não uma oração passiva finita.
- B — "were found" é passiva, mas "may prevent" é ativa (verbo modal + base, agente praticando a ação) e "they inspected" é claramente ativa; "are serving" também é ativa (they are serving sentences).
- C — "is decorated" e "have been caught" são passivos, e "being accused" é um particípio passivo, porém "from shortening" (shortening = gerúndio) não é voz passiva — é verbo no gerúndio ativo.
- E — "have been caught" e "are eventually convicted" (passiva) parecem passivas, mas "has been in jail" usa "been" como verbo de ligação (estado: estar na cadeia), não como voz passiva de um verbo transitivo — portanto não conta como passiva.
Estratégias rápidas para a prova: procure a estrutura be + past participle, verifique se o verbo "be" funciona como auxiliar (ação sofrida) ou como verbo de estado; desconfie de gerúndios/infinitivos e de frases com modais (podem ser ativas).
Fontes: Cambridge Grammar of English (passive voice), Cambridge Dictionary online — seção Passive.
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