A opinião de Bill Gates acerca do uso de tecnologia para ensinar crianças, do jardim da infância à quinta série, é de que:
In Higher Education, a Focus on Technology
By STEVE LOHR
The education gap facing the nation’s work force is evident in the numbers. Most new jobs will require more than a high school education, yet fewer than half of Americans under 30 have a (2) postsecondary degree of any kind. Recent state budget cuts, education experts agree, promise to make closing that gap even more difcult. The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation, and four nonproft education organizations are beginning an ambitious initiative to address that challenge by accelerating the development and use of online learning tools. An initial $20 million round of money, from the Gates Foundation, will be for postsecondary online courses, particularly ones tailored for community colleges and low-income young people. Another round of grants, for high school programs, is scheduled for next year.
Just how efective technology can be in improving education - by making students more efective, more engaged learners - is a subject of debate. To date, education research shows that good teachers matter a lot, class size may be less important than once thought and nothing improves student performance as much as one-on-one human tutoring. If technology is well designed, experts say, it can help tailor the learning experience to individual students, facilitate student- teacher collaboration, and assist teachers in monitoring student performance each day and in quickly fne-tuning lessons. The potential benefts of technology are greater as students become older, more independent learners. Making that point, Mr. Gates said in an interview that for children from kindergarten to about ffth grade “the idea that you stick them in front of a computer is (3) ludicrous.”
(1)
higher education: educação superior.
(2)
postsecondary: termo que se refere aos cursos feitos após o high school ou, no modelo educacional brasileiro, o Ensino Médio.
(3)
ludicrous: ridícula, absurda.
By STEVE LOHR
The education gap facing the nation’s work force is evident in the numbers. Most new jobs will require more than a high school education, yet fewer than half of Americans under 30 have a (2) postsecondary degree of any kind. Recent state budget cuts, education experts agree, promise to make closing that gap even more difcult. The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation, and four nonproft education organizations are beginning an ambitious initiative to address that challenge by accelerating the development and use of online learning tools. An initial $20 million round of money, from the Gates Foundation, will be for postsecondary online courses, particularly ones tailored for community colleges and low-income young people. Another round of grants, for high school programs, is scheduled for next year.
Just how efective technology can be in improving education - by making students more efective, more engaged learners - is a subject of debate. To date, education research shows that good teachers matter a lot, class size may be less important than once thought and nothing improves student performance as much as one-on-one human tutoring. If technology is well designed, experts say, it can help tailor the learning experience to individual students, facilitate student- teacher collaboration, and assist teachers in monitoring student performance each day and in quickly fne-tuning lessons. The potential benefts of technology are greater as students become older, more independent learners. Making that point, Mr. Gates said in an interview that for children from kindergarten to about ffth grade “the idea that you stick them in front of a computer is (3) ludicrous.”
(1)
higher education: educação superior.
(2)
postsecondary: termo que se refere aos cursos feitos após o high school ou, no modelo educacional brasileiro, o Ensino Médio.
(3)
ludicrous: ridícula, absurda.
Gabarito comentado
Resposta: Alternativa A
Tema da questão: interpretação de texto sobre o posicionamento de Bill Gates quanto ao uso de tecnologia no ensino infantil (do jardim da infância até a 5ª série). A prova exige inferir a ideia central a partir de trecho direto do texto.
Resumo teórico: em leitura crítica, procure por palavras-chave e por citações diretas que expressam opinião. Aqui, o texto afirma que os benefícios da tecnologia crescem conforme os alunos se tornam mais independentes e traz a citação de Gates: “the idea that you stick them in front of a computer is ludicrous.” Isso indica que ele discorda do uso isolado de computadores com crianças pequenas.
Justificativa da alternativa correta (A): o texto explicita que a tecnologia é mais útil quando alunos são “older, more independent learners” e reproduz a opinião de Gates sobre colocar crianças pequenas diante de um computador como algo ridículo. Daí se infere que, segundo Gates, esses alunos não são suficientemente independentes para tirar proveito pleno da tecnologia — exatamente o sentido da alternativa A.
Análise das alternativas incorretas:
B) fala em falta de paciência para ficar sentadas — o texto não menciona paciência ou comportamento físico; é uma inferência indefensável.
C) afirma que a tecnologia pode prejudicar o desenvolvimento mental — o texto não discute danos ao desenvolvimento, apenas limitações de eficácia em idades precoces.
D) alega que a tecnologia dificulta a atuação do professor por distração — o texto, ao contrário, sugere que tecnologia pode ajudar professores a monitorar e ajustar aulas quando bem desenhada.
E) distorce o foco das verbas: o trecho menciona apoio a cursos pós‑secundários e comunidade colleges, mas não afirma que crianças de escolas comunitárias devem receber a maior parcela dos recursos.
Dica de estratégia: busque citações directas e termos explicativos no texto (ex.: “older, more independent learners”, “ludicrous”); use eliminação lógica das alternativas que acrescentam ideias não presentes no enunciado.
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