According to the text, choose the correct
statements that complete the following sentence: “The Brazilian mosquito-eradication campaign”...
I was launched by the Brazilian Government;
ll was launched by WHO;
lll helped to reduce the incidence of microcephaly;
lV helped to save the lives of five athletes;
V helped to reduce cases of Zika.
I was launched by the Brazilian Government;
ll was launched by WHO;
lll helped to reduce the incidence of microcephaly;
lV helped to save the lives of five athletes;
V helped to reduce cases of Zika.
TEXTO
Brazil has declared an end to its public health
emergency over the Zika virus, 18 months after a
surge in cases drew headlines around the world.
The mosquito-borne virus was not considered a
major health threat until the 2015 outbreak revealed
that Zika can lead to severe birth defects. One of
those defects, microcephaly, causes babies to be
born with skulls much smaller than expected.
Photos of babies with the defect spread panic
around the globe as the virus was reported in dozens
of countries. Many would-be travellers cancelled
their trips to Zika-infected places. The concern
spread even more widely when health officials said
it could also be transmitted through sexual contact
with an infected person.
The health scare came just as Brazil, the epicentre
of the outbreak, was preparing to host the 2016
Olympics, fuelling concerns the Games could help
spread the virus. One athlete, a Spanish wind surfer,
said she got Zika while training in Brazil ahead of the Games.
In response to the outbreak, Brazil launched a
mosquito-eradication campaign. The health ministry
said those efforts have helped to dramatically reduce
cases of Zika. Between January and mid-April, 95%
fewer cases were recorded than during the same
period last year. The incidence of microcephaly has
fallen as well.
The World Health Organization (WHO) lifted its own
international emergency in November, even while
saying the virus remained a threat.
“The end of the emergency doesn’t mean the end of
surveillance or assistance” to affected families, said
Adeilson Cavalcante, the secretary for health
surveillance at Brazil’s health ministry. “The health
ministry and other organisations involved in this area
will maintain a policy of fighting Zika, dengue and
chikungunya.”
All three diseases are carried by the Aedes aegypti
mosquito.
But the WHO has warned that Zika is “here to stay,”
even when cases of it fall off, and that fighting the
disease will be an ongoing battle.
(Fonte: Associated Press, Friday 12 May 2017 10.18 BST.
Last modified on Friday 12 May 2017 22.00 BST)
TEXTO
Brazil has declared an end to its public health emergency over the Zika virus, 18 months after a surge in cases drew headlines around the world.
The mosquito-borne virus was not considered a major health threat until the 2015 outbreak revealed that Zika can lead to severe birth defects. One of those defects, microcephaly, causes babies to be born with skulls much smaller than expected.
Photos of babies with the defect spread panic around the globe as the virus was reported in dozens of countries. Many would-be travellers cancelled their trips to Zika-infected places. The concern spread even more widely when health officials said it could also be transmitted through sexual contact with an infected person.
The health scare came just as Brazil, the epicentre of the outbreak, was preparing to host the 2016 Olympics, fuelling concerns the Games could help spread the virus. One athlete, a Spanish wind surfer, said she got Zika while training in Brazil ahead of the Games.
In response to the outbreak, Brazil launched a mosquito-eradication campaign. The health ministry said those efforts have helped to dramatically reduce cases of Zika. Between January and mid-April, 95% fewer cases were recorded than during the same period last year. The incidence of microcephaly has fallen as well.
The World Health Organization (WHO) lifted its own international emergency in November, even while saying the virus remained a threat.
“The end of the emergency doesn’t mean the end of surveillance or assistance” to affected families, said Adeilson Cavalcante, the secretary for health surveillance at Brazil’s health ministry. “The health ministry and other organisations involved in this area will maintain a policy of fighting Zika, dengue and chikungunya.”
All three diseases are carried by the Aedes aegypti mosquito.
But the WHO has warned that Zika is “here to stay,” even when cases of it fall off, and that fighting the disease will be an ongoing battle.
(Fonte: Associated Press, Friday 12 May 2017 10.18 BST.
Last modified on Friday 12 May 2017 22.00 BST)
Gabarito comentado
Alternativa correta: B (I, III, V)
Tema central: interpretação de texto focada em identificar informações explícitas no texto e eliminar distrações. Em provas, a habilidade-chave é localizar a afirmação que corresponde literalmente ao que o texto diz.
Resumo teórico rápido: procure pelo sujeito da ação (quem fez o quê), pela relação de causa/efeito e por palavras de ligação (“in response”, “helped”, “has fallen”). Afirmações textuais valem mais que inferências fracas.
Justificativa da resposta correta:
- I — verdadeiro: o texto afirma: “In response to the outbreak, Brazil launched a mosquito-eradication campaign.” Ou seja, a campanha foi lançada pelo Brasil (governo).
- III — verdadeiro: após mencionar a campanha, o texto diz que “The incidence of microcephaly has fallen as well.” A sequência indica que os esforços ajudaram a reduzir também a microcefalia.
- V — verdadeiro: explicitamente: “those efforts have helped to dramatically reduce cases of Zika.”
Análise das alternativas incorretas:
- II — falso: atribui a campanha à WHO. O texto diz que a WHO levantou seu próprio estado de emergência, mas a campanha foi lançada pelo Brasil.
- IV — falso: não há no texto qualquer referência a “salvar cinco atletas”; menciona apenas um atleta que contraiu Zika. Essa alternativa é inventada.
Dica de prova: destaque frases com verbos-chave (“launched”, “helped”, “has fallen”) e relacione-as cronologicamente; confirme quem é o agente e evite inferências além do que o texto afirma.
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