Considering to the information expressed in the text, autonomous cars
Leia o texto a seguir para responder à questão.
Who's driving? Autonomous cars may be entering the most dangerous phase
Autopilot controls are not yet fully capable of functioning without human intervention – but they’re good
enough to lull us into a false sense of security.
When California police officers approached a Tesla stopped in the centre of a five-lane highway outside
San Francisco last week, they found a man asleep at the wheel. The driver, who was arrested on suspicion of
drunk driving, told them his car was in “autopilot”, Tesla’s semi-autonomous driver assist system.
In a separate incident, firefighters in Culver City reported that a Tesla vehicle parked at the rear of their fire
truck as it attended an accident on the freeway. Again, the driver said the vehicle was in autopilot. The oft-repeated promise of driverless technology is that it will make the roads safer by reducing human
error, the primary cause of accidents. However, those vehicles have a long way to go before they can eliminate
the drivers.
However, research has shown that drivers get lulled into a false sense of security to the point where their
minds and gazes start to wander away from the road. People become distracted or preoccupied with their
smartphones. So when the car encounters a situation where the human needs to intervene, the driver can be slow
to react.
During tests the IIHS recorded a Mercedes having problems when the lane on the highway forked in two.
The radar system locked onto the right-hand exit lane when the driver was trying to go straight.
Concern over this new type of distracted driving is forcing engineers to introduce additional safety features
to compensate. For example, GM has introduced eye-tracking technology to check the driver’s eyes are on the
road while Tesla drivers can be locked out of autopilot if they ignore warnings to keep their hands on the steering
wheel.
In spite of these problems, Tesla’s CEO, Elon Musk, remains bullish about his company’s autonomous
technology, even suggesting that by 2019 drivers would be able to sleep in their cars – presumably without being
arrested by highway patrol officers.
Disponível em: <https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2018/jan/24/self-driving-cars-dangerous-period-false-security>. Acesso em: 23 fev. 2018. (Adaptado).
When California police officers approached a Tesla stopped in the centre of a five-lane highway outside San Francisco last week, they found a man asleep at the wheel. The driver, who was arrested on suspicion of drunk driving, told them his car was in “autopilot”, Tesla’s semi-autonomous driver assist system.
In a separate incident, firefighters in Culver City reported that a Tesla vehicle parked at the rear of their fire truck as it attended an accident on the freeway. Again, the driver said the vehicle was in autopilot.
Gabarito comentado
Tema central: A questão avalia a interpretação de texto em Inglês, foco em compreensão leitora, exigindo que o candidato identifique o estado atual da tecnologia dos carros autônomos segundo as informações do texto.
Comentário Didático:
O texto explica que carros autônomos, como os da Tesla, não são totalmente confiáveis e seguros ainda, exigindo intervenção do motorista em situações imprevistas. O autor destaca que esses sistemas podem criar uma falsa sensação de segurança, pois o condutor tende a se distrair, mas em emergências ainda é necessário agir. Várias situações reais são citadas para reforçar esse ponto.
Justificativa da Alternativa Correta (D):
A alternativa D resume corretamente a ideia principal: os carros autônomos não são ainda plenamente autônomos porque a tecnologia ainda não é considerada totalmente segura para dispensar a intervenção humana. O texto, inclusive, menciona pesquisas e incidentes que demonstram essas limitações.
Estratégias de Interpretação:
Procure identificar correlação direta entre alternativas e informações explícitas do texto – termos como “not yet fully capable” e “drivers can be slow to react” são cruciais para fundamentar sua escolha.
Análise das Alternativas Incorretas:
A - Erro de causa: o texto não diz que os carros são desenvolvidos porque motoristas usam smartphones, mas alerta que tal distração é um problema.
B - Dados imprecisos: a tecnologia de eye-tracking foi citada para GM, não para a Tesla.
C - Falso absoluto: diz ser “fully capable”, contrariando vários trechos do texto que indicam que ainda há limitações importantes.
E - Generalização: cita que o objetivo dos carros autônomos é unicamente evitar distração de smartphones, o que não está no texto.
Dica do Professor: Fique atento a palavras que indicam incerteza (“not yet”, “however”, “problems”), pois nelas geralmente reside o cerne argumentativo dos textos em concursos. Evite respostas baseadas em suposições não descritas no texto (“leitura além do texto”).
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