The current scientific consensus on climate change,
described in Text 1, indicates that
Text 1
The global warming controversy
The global warming controversy is an ongoing dispute
about the effects of humans on global climate and
about what policies should be implemented to avoid
possible undesirable effects of climate change.
The current scientific consensus on climate change is
that recent warming indicates a fairly stable long-term
trend, that the trend is largely human-caused, and that
serious damage may result at some future date if steps
are not taken to halt the trend.
Mainstream scientific organizations worldwide (Royal
Society, American Geophysical Union, Joint Science
Academies, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change, American Meteorological Society, and American
Association for the Advancement of Science)
concur with the assessment that most of the observed
warming over the last 50 years is likely to have been
due to the human-caused increase in greenhouse gas
concentrations.
However, there is also a small but vocal number of
scientists in climate and climate-related fields that disagree
with the consensus view.
Adapted from:< https://www.sciencedaily.com/terms/global_warming_controversy.htm.>
Access 30 Sept. 2017.
Text 2
Climate change label leads to
climate science acceptance
On the heels of President Donald Trump's decision to
pull the United States out of the Paris climate agreement,
a new Cornell University study finds that labels
matter when it comes to acceptance of climate science.
The U.S. public doubts the existence of "global warming"
more than it doubts "climate change".
In a nationally representative survey, 74.4 percent of
respondents said they believed that climate change is
really happening. But only 65.5 percent said they believed
in global warming.
Nonetheless, it's important to remember that 65 percent
of respondents did indicate that global warming
is occurring, said co-author Peter Enns, associate professor
of government. "In other words, although the term matters -- climate change versus global warming
-- an overwhelming majority of people still state that
global warming is happening," he said.
Adapted from:<http://mediarelations.cornell.edu/2017/06/21/climate-change-label-leads-to-climate-science-acceptance/>.
Access. 23
Sept. 2017.
Glossário
to halt: parar; label: rótulo; on the heels: na esteira/na sequência.
Text 1
The global warming controversy
The global warming controversy is an ongoing dispute about the effects of humans on global climate and about what policies should be implemented to avoid possible undesirable effects of climate change.
The current scientific consensus on climate change is that recent warming indicates a fairly stable long-term trend, that the trend is largely human-caused, and that serious damage may result at some future date if steps are not taken to halt the trend.
Mainstream scientific organizations worldwide (Royal Society, American Geophysical Union, Joint Science Academies, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, American Meteorological Society, and American Association for the Advancement of Science) concur with the assessment that most of the observed warming over the last 50 years is likely to have been due to the human-caused increase in greenhouse gas concentrations.
However, there is also a small but vocal number of scientists in climate and climate-related fields that disagree with the consensus view.
Adapted from:< https://www.sciencedaily.com/terms/global_warming_controversy.htm.> Access 30 Sept. 2017.
Text 2
Climate change label leads to climate science acceptance
On the heels of President Donald Trump's decision to pull the United States out of the Paris climate agreement, a new Cornell University study finds that labels matter when it comes to acceptance of climate science.
The U.S. public doubts the existence of "global warming" more than it doubts "climate change".
In a nationally representative survey, 74.4 percent of respondents said they believed that climate change is really happening. But only 65.5 percent said they believed in global warming.
Nonetheless, it's important to remember that 65 percent of respondents did indicate that global warming is occurring, said co-author Peter Enns, associate professor of government. "In other words, although the term matters -- climate change versus global warming -- an overwhelming majority of people still state that global warming is happening," he said.
Adapted from:<http://mediarelations.cornell.edu/2017/06/21/climate-change-label-leads-to-climate-science-acceptance/>
Gabarito comentado
Tema central da questão: Interpretação textual em língua inglesa sobre o consenso científico quanto ao aquecimento global, focando na compreensão de ideias principais, detalhes específicos e inferências a partir do texto.
Explicação Didática:
O texto aborda a posição majoritária da comunidade científica referente às mudanças climáticas recentes, destacando que:
- O aquecimento atual segue uma tendência estável e de longo prazo.
- Esta tendência é causada principalmente por ações humanas (ex: aumento de gases do efeito estufa).
- Existem graves consequências potenciais para o futuro caso nada seja feito.
Esses pontos são expressos no trecho: "recent warming indicates a fairly stable long-term trend, that the trend is largely human-caused, and that serious damage may result at some future date if steps are not taken to halt the trend."
Justificativa da alternativa correta (C):
A resposta correta é a C porque está de acordo com o texto: há uma tendência estável provocada por humanos e que pode gerar consequências sérias no futuro.
Análise das alternativas incorretas:
- A) Diz que o aquecimento não é causado pelo homem. Errado! O texto afirma o oposto: maioria das evidências aponta origem humana.
- B) Afirma que a maioria dos cientistas americanos não vê o aquecimento como algo sério. Errado! O consenso considera, sim, um problema com potenciais riscos sérios.
- D) Diz que a tendência humana causa consequências insignificantes. Errado! O texto fala em danos sérios caso a tendência continue.
Estratégias de interpretação:
- Fique atento a palavras que indicam consenso científico: "scientific consensus", "mainstream scientific organizations".
- Observe marcadores condicionais: "if steps are not taken" (prevenção e possíveis danos).
- Não confunda termos técnicos (“stable trend” não significa “coisa boa”, e sim continuidade das mudanças).
- Desconfie de generalizações extremas ou negação total, que não encontram base no texto.
Resumo: A questão testou a habilidade de identificar a principal ideia e filtrar falsas afirmativas comparando cada alternativa ao texto-base, usando uma leitura atenta e analítica, essencial para questões de interpretação em concursos.
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