From the text extracts below, the only
one in the Present Perfect is:
How English evolved into a global language
As the British Library charts the evolution of
English in a new major exhibition, author Michael
Rosen gives a brief history of a language that has
grown to world domination with phrases such as
"cool" and "go to it".
The need for an international language has
always existed. In the past it was about religion and
intellectual debate. With the technologies of today, it's
about communicating with others anywhere in the
world in a matter of moments.
Two events, separated by nearly 400 years,
show how this need has always been present.
Firstly, sitting in front of me I have a copy of
the celebrated book Utopia, by Sir Thomas More.
This particular edition is published in 1629 in
Amsterdam, not in English, not in Dutch, but in Latin.
The second event was a talk I recently had
with a German scientist. He said that he knew of
scientific conferences taking place in Germany, where
all the people attending were German and yet the
conference was conducted in English.
Source: <http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-12017753>
How English evolved into a global language
As the British Library charts the evolution of English in a new major exhibition, author Michael Rosen gives a brief history of a language that has grown to world domination with phrases such as "cool" and "go to it".
The need for an international language has always existed. In the past it was about religion and intellectual debate. With the technologies of today, it's about communicating with others anywhere in the world in a matter of moments.
Two events, separated by nearly 400 years, show how this need has always been present.
Firstly, sitting in front of me I have a copy of the celebrated book Utopia, by Sir Thomas More. This particular edition is published in 1629 in Amsterdam, not in English, not in Dutch, but in Latin.
The second event was a talk I recently had with a German scientist. He said that he knew of scientific conferences taking place in Germany, where all the people attending were German and yet the conference was conducted in English.
Source: <http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-12017753>
Gabarito comentado
Tema central: O foco da questão é identificar o uso do tempo verbal Present Perfect em inglês. Esse tempo é fundamental em provas de Vestibular, já que evidencia a compreensão de estruturas verbais para indicar conexões entre passado e presente.
O que é o Present Perfect?
O Present Perfect é formado pelo verbo auxiliar have/has (no presente) + particípio passado do verbo principal. Ele é usado para:
- Ações passadas com efeito no presente.
- Ações que começaram no passado e continuam até agora.
- Ações cujo tempo exato não é informado.
Exemplo: “She has studied a lot.” (Ela estudou muito e ainda é relevante agora!)
Análise das alternativas:
A) “The second event was a talk I recently had with a German scientist.”
Erro: Uso do Simple Past (“was”, “had”). Ação terminada no passado, tempo definido por “recently”.
B) “As the British Library charts the evolution of English [...]”
Erro: “Charts” está no Simple Present. Reflete hábito ou fato, não relação temporal com o presente.
C) “The need for an international language has always existed.”
Correta!
Aqui temos “has existed” (has + particípio passado), acompanhada do advérbio “always”, mostrando continuidade da necessidade do passado até hoje. Exemplo clássico de Present Perfect!
D) “He said that he knew of scientific conferences taking place in Germany [...]”
Erro: Uso do Simple Past: “said”, “knew” – acontecimentos completos, sem permanência no presente.
E) “[...] all the people attending were German.”
Erro: “Were” está no Simple Past, descrevendo condição/estado no passado.
Dicas para não errar:
- Procure have/has + particípio passado para identificar Present Perfect.
- Evite se confundir com Simple Past (“was”, “had”, “said”, “knew”, “were”).
- Leia com atenção palavras de referência temporal (como “always” = habitualidade até o presente).
Resumo: Somente a alternativa C utiliza o Present Perfect. As demais estão em tempos verbais que indicam ações concluídas ou rotineiras, não mantidas ou relevantes até o presente.
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