The humanitarian action carried out by MSF
Read the text below and answer following four
questions according to it.
Doctors without Borders / Médecins
Sans Frontières (MSF)
Every year, Doctors Without Borders/Médecins Sans
Frontières (MSF) provides emergency medical care to
millions of people caught in crises in some 70 countries
around the world. MSF provides assistance when
catastrophic events—such as armed conflict, epidemics,
malnutrition, or natural disasters—overwhelm local health
systems. MSF also assists people who face discrimination
or neglect from their local health systems or when
populations are otherwise excluded from health care.
MSF is a neutral and impartial humanitarian organization
that aims first and foremost to provide high-quality medical
care to the people who need it the most. It does not promote
the agenda of any country, political party, or religious faith,
and, as such, endeavors to communicate its history,
background, and capabilities to all parties in a given
situation so that it may gain the necessary access to
populations in need.
On any given day, more than 30,000 doctors, nurses,
logisticians, water-and-sanitation experts, administrators,
and other qualified professionals working with MSF can be
found providing medical care around the world.
At its core, the purpose of humanitarian action is to save the
lives and ease the suffering of people caught in acute
crises, thereby restoring their ability to rebuild their lives and
communities.
In the countries where MSF works, one or more of the
following crises is usually occurring or has occurred: armed
conflict, epidemics, malnutrition, natural disasters, or
exclusion from health care.
Adaptado de: http://www.doctorswithoutborders.org/our-work/howwe-work/types-of-projects Acessado em 1 de maio de 2015.
Every year, Doctors Without Borders/Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) provides emergency medical care to millions of people caught in crises in some 70 countries around the world. MSF provides assistance when catastrophic events—such as armed conflict, epidemics, malnutrition, or natural disasters—overwhelm local health systems. MSF also assists people who face discrimination or neglect from their local health systems or when populations are otherwise excluded from health care.
MSF is a neutral and impartial humanitarian organization that aims first and foremost to provide high-quality medical care to the people who need it the most. It does not promote the agenda of any country, political party, or religious faith, and, as such, endeavors to communicate its history, background, and capabilities to all parties in a given situation so that it may gain the necessary access to populations in need.
On any given day, more than 30,000 doctors, nurses, logisticians, water-and-sanitation experts, administrators, and other qualified professionals working with MSF can be found providing medical care around the world.
At its core, the purpose of humanitarian action is to save the lives and ease the suffering of people caught in acute crises, thereby restoring their ability to rebuild their lives and communities.
In the countries where MSF works, one or more of the following crises is usually occurring or has occurred: armed conflict, epidemics, malnutrition, natural disasters, or exclusion from health care.
Gabarito comentado
Alternativa correta: D
Tema central: interpretação de texto: identificar a ideia principal e relacioná‑la a informações explícitas do texto. Aqui é preciso reconhecer quem realiza a ação (MSF) e o que ela faz (envolve milhares de profissionais prestando cuidados médicos pelo mundo).
Resumo teórico e estratégia
- Procure o tópico-central (frases que sintetizam a missão).
- Localize dados numéricos e afirmações factuais (ex.: "more than 30,000 ... providing medical care around the world") — são fortes evidências.
- Parafraseie mentalmente as alternativas e compare com o original: não aceite inversões de sujeito, negações ou extrapolações não suportadas.
(Fonte útil: site oficial da MSF e princípios humanitários do ICRC sobre imparcialidade e neutralidade.)
Justificativa da letra D
A alternativa D afirma que a ação envolve milhares de especialistas em todo o mundo. O texto diz explicitamente que "more than 30,000 doctors, nurses, ... and other qualified professionals ... providing medical care around the world." Essa correspondência entre o número e a atuação global confirma D como correta.
Análise das incorretas
A: inverte o foco — o texto fala em restaurar a capacidade das pessoas afetadas de reconstruírem suas vidas, não dos profissionais.
B: contradiz o texto — MSF ajuda pessoas excluídas do cuidado; não "exclui" cuidado.
C: afirma que a ação "suffers acute crises" e que salva vidas "easily" — incorreto e não presente no texto (os crises afetam populações, não a ação humanitária em si; "easily" é afirmação não suportada).
E: opõe‑se ao texto — MSF atua justamente onde há conflito, epidemias, desastres ou exclusão de saúde, não em países sem esses problemas.
Dicas finais para provas: destaque números, identifique o sujeito da ação, elimine alternativas que invertam relações causa/efeito ou contenham palavras absolutos sem suporte. Use a técnica do "trecho-âncora": associe cada alternativa a uma frase do texto.
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